2013年1月9日 星期三

集論42--諦品-滅諦


決擇分中諦品第一之三(atha viniścaye satyaparicchede prathame tṛtīyo bhāgaḥ) /
己三、滅諦(分二科)庚一、以六義分別滅諦(分二科)辛一、總標
云何滅諦?謂相故、甚深故、世俗故、勝義故、不圓滿故、圓滿故、無莊嚴故、有莊嚴故、有餘故、無餘故、最勝故、差別故分別滅諦。nirodhasatyaṃ katamat / lakṣaṇataḥ gāmbhīryataḥ saṃvṛtitaḥ paramārthataḥ aparipūritaḥ paripūritaḥ niralaṃkārataḥ sālaṃkārataḥ śeṣataḥ aśeṣataḥ agrataḥ paryāyataśca nirodhasatyaṃ veditavyam //

辛二、別釋(分六科)壬一、辨體(分三科)癸一、總出體  
何等相故?謂真如聖道煩惱不生,若滅依、若能滅、若滅性是滅諦相。lakṣaṇataḥ katamat / tathatāyāmārya mārge kleśānāmanutpādo yo nirodhāśrayo nirodhako nirodhasvabhāvo vā // tannirodhasatyalakṣaṇam //

癸二、引經證(分二科)子一、引頌  
如世尊說:眼耳及與鼻 舌身及與意 於此處名色 究竟滅無餘。 yaduktaṃ bhagavatā cakṣuḥ śrotre ghrāṇajivhākāyāḥ / manaśca teṣu āyataneṣu nāmarūpayorātyantikanirodho na śeṣaḥ iti /

子二、長行
又說:是故汝今當觀是處,所謂此處眼究竟滅遠離色想乃至意究竟滅遠離法想。yaccoktaṃ tadāyatanaṃ veditavyaṃ yathā cakṣuśca nirudhyate rūpasaṃjñā ca virajyate yāvat manaśca nirudhyate dharmasaṃjñā ca virajyate iti /

癸三、結成
由此道理顯示所緣真如境上有漏法滅是滅諦相。anena nayena ālambanānāṃ prāpaṇaṃ tathatāyāmālambanādūrdhvaṃ sāsravāṇāṃ dharmāṇāṃ nirodhaḥ / tannirodhasatya lakṣaṇam //

壬二、明深(分三科) 癸一、總顯非四句
何等甚深故?謂彼諸行究竟寂滅,如是寂滅望彼諸行不可說異、不可說不異、不可說亦異亦不異、不可說非異非不異。gāmbhīryataḥ katamat / yat teṣāṃ saṃskārāṇāmuparamānnirodhaḥ / tathoparamāt teṣāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ nirodho nānyo vācyaḥ nānanyo vācyaḥ nāpyanyo nāpyananyo vācyaḥ na naivānyo nānanyo vācyaḥ //

癸二、釋 
所以者何?無戲論故於此義中若生戲論非正思議,非道非如,亦非善巧方便思故。kutaḥ / niṣprapañcataḥ / asmiṃstvarthe prapañcotpattiḥ na saṃcintyā na mārgeṇa na nyāyena na kuśalaprayogeṇa cintyā iti /

癸三、引證(分二科)子一、引經 
如世尊說:此六觸處盡、離欲、滅、寂靜、沒等。yaduktaṃ bhagavatā teṣāṃ ṣaṇṇāṃ spraṣṭāvyayatanānāṃ kṣayo virāgo nirodho vyupaśamo 'staṃgama ityevamādi /

子二、釋 
若謂有異、若謂無異、若謂亦有異亦無異、若謂非有異非無異者於無戲論便生戲論,乃至有六處可有諸戲論,六處既滅絕諸戲論即是涅槃。syādanyaḥ syādananyaḥ syādanyo 'pi nānyo 'pi (Abhidh-s 63) syānnaivānyo nānanyo 'pi iti niṣprapañca prapañca utpadyate // yāvat ṣaḍāyatanāni tāvat prapañcāḥ // yadā ṣaḍāyatanānāṃ nirodhaśchedaḥ tadā prapañcānāṃ viratiḥ //

壬三、假實(分二科)癸一、世俗 
何等世俗故?謂以世間道摧伏種子所得滅,是故世尊別名說為彼分涅槃。saṃvṛtitaḥ katamat / laukikamārgairvījanigraheṇa yo nirodho labhyate / ato bhagavatā tadāṃśikanirvāṇamityucyate //

癸二、勝義 
何等勝義故?謂以聖慧永拔種子所得滅。paramārthataḥ katamat / āryaprajñayā bījanirmūlanena yo nirodho labhyate //

壬四、因果(分二科)癸一、不圓滿
何等不圓滿故?謂諸有學或預流果攝、或一來果攝、或不還果攝等所有滅。aparipūritaḥ katamat / śaikṣāṇāṃ strotāpannaphalasaṃgraheṇa vā sakṛdāgamiphalasaṃgraheṇa vā anāgāmiphalasaṃgraheṇa vā yo nirodhaḥ //

癸二、圓滿
何等圓滿故?謂諸無學阿羅漢果攝等所有滅。paripūritaḥ katamat / aśaikṣyāṇāmarhattvaphalasaṃgraheṇa yo nirodhaḥ //

壬五、勝劣(分二科)癸一、無莊嚴
何等無莊嚴故?謂慧解脫阿羅漢所有滅。niralaṃkārataḥ katamat / prajñāvimuktānāmarhatāṃ yo nirodhaḥ //

癸二、有莊嚴
何等有莊嚴故?謂俱分解脫三明、六通阿羅漢等所有滅。sālaṃkārataḥ katamat / ubhayabhāga vimuktānāṃ traividyānāṃ ṣaḍabhijñānāmarhatāṃ yo nirodhaḥ //

壬六、根本(分四科)癸一、有餘
何等有餘故?謂有餘依滅。 śeṣataḥ katamat / sopadhiśeṣo yo nirodhaḥ //

癸二、無餘
何等無餘故?謂無餘依滅。aśeṣataḥ katamat / nirupadhiśeṣo yo nirodhaḥ //

癸三、最勝  
何等最勝故?謂佛菩薩無住涅槃攝所有滅,以常安住一切有情利樂事故。agrataḥ katamat / buddhānāṃ bodhisattvānāmapratiṣṭhitanirvāṇasaṃgraheṇa yo nirodhaḥ / sparśavihāriṇāṃ sarveṣāṃ sattvānāṃ hitasukhādhiṣṭhānataḥ //

癸四、差別(分二科)子一、舉經
何等差別故?謂無餘永斷、永出、永吐、盡、離欲、滅、寂靜、沒等。paryāyataḥ katamat / aśeṣaprahāṇaṃ pratiniḥsargaḥ vyantībhāvaḥ kṣayo virāgo nirodho vyupaśamo 'staṃgama ityevamādi //

子二、別釋(分二科) 丑一、釋標句 
何故名無餘永斷?由餘句故。kimupādāyocyate aśeṣaprahāṇam / pariśiṣṭāni padānyupādāya //

丑二、釋別句(分三科) 寅一、初七依所滅辨名差別(分七科)卯一、永出
何故名永出?永出諸纏故。kimupādāyocyate pratiniḥsargaḥ / paryavasthānapratiniḥsaraṇatāmupādāya //

卯二、永吐 
何故名永吐?永吐隨眠故。

卯三、盡
何故名盡?見道對治得離繫故。kimupādāyocyate kṣayaḥ / darśanamārgeṇa pratipakṣavisaṃyogalābhatā mupādāya //

卯四、離欲 
何故名離欲?修道對治得離繫故。kimupādāyocyate virāgaḥ / bhāvanāmārgeṇa pratipakṣavisaṃyogalābhatāmupādāya //

卯五、滅 
何故名滅?當來彼果苦不生故。Kim upādāyocyate nirodhaḥ / āyatyāṃ tatphaladuḥkhānutpattitāmupādāya //

卯六、寂靜 
何故名寂靜?於現法中彼果心苦永不行故。kimupādāyocyate vyupaśamaḥ / dṛṣṭe dharme tatphalacettaduḥkhāsamudācāratāmupādāya //

卯七、沒
何故名沒?餘所有事永滅沒故。kimupādāyocyate 'staṃgamaḥ / sopadhiśeṣa nirodhatāmupādāya //

寅二、釋自通名(分二十一科)卯一、無為
何故此滅復名無為?離三相故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punarasaṃskṛtamityucyate / lakṣaṇatrayavirahatāmupādāya //

卯二、難見
何故此滅復名難見?超過肉眼、天眼境故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punardurdarśa ityucyate / carmacakṣuṣo divyacakṣuṣaśca (Abhidh-s 64) gocarātikamaṇatāmupādāya //

卯三、不轉 
何故此滅復名不轉?永離諸趣差別轉故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaracalamityucyate / matiṣu saṃcārabirahamāmupādāya //

卯四、不卑屈 
何故此滅名不卑屈?離三愛故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaramata mityucyate / tṛṣṇātrayavirahatāmupādāya //

卯五、甘露
何故此滅復名甘露?離蘊魔故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaramṛtamityucyate / skandhamāravirahatāmupādāya //

卯六、無漏 
何故此滅復名無漏?永離一切煩惱魔故。kimuipādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaranāsravamityucyate / sarva kleśamāravirahatāmupādāya //

卯七、舍宅
何故此滅復名舍宅?無罪喜樂所依事故。 kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punarlayanamityucyate / anavadyaprītisukhasaṃniśrayatāmupādāya //

卯八、州渚
何故此滅復名洲渚?三界隔絕故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punardvīpamityucyate / traidhātukaparicchedatāmupādāya //

卯九、弘濟
何故此滅復名弘濟?能遮一切大苦災橫故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punastrāṇamityucyate / sarvamahāduḥkhopadravāpagamatāmupādāya //

卯十、歸依
何故此滅復名歸依?無有虛妄意樂方便所依處故。 kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaḥ śaraṇamityucyate / āśayaprayogayoravandhyapadasthānatāmupādāya //

卯十一、勝歸趣 
何故此滅名勝歸趣?能為歸趣一切最勝聖性所依處故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaḥ parāyaṇamityucyate / sarvasya paramāryatvasyāgamanapadasthāṇatāmupādāya //

卯十二、不死 
何故此滅復名不死?永離生故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaracyutamityucyate / jātivirahatāmupādāya //

卯十三、無熱惱
何故此滅名無熱惱?永離一切煩惱熱故、永離一切求不得苦大熱惱故。 kimupādāya sa nirodha punarnirvāramityucyate / sarvakleśasantāpavirahatāṃ sarvecchālābhaduḥkhamahāsantāpavirahatāṃ copādāya //

卯十四、無熾然
何故此滅名無熾然?永離一切愁歎憂苦諸惱亂故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punarniṣpadāridāhamiotyute / sarva śokaparidevanāduḥkhadaurmanasya vikṣepavirahatāmupādāya //

卯十五、安隱
何故此滅復名安隱?離怖畏住所依處故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaḥ kṣemamityucyate / hiṃsā bhayarahitavihārapadasthānatāmupādāya //

卯十六、清涼
何故此滅復名清涼?諸利益事所依處故。 kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ
punaḥ śivamityucyate / lābhavastupadasthāna tāmupādāya //

卯十七、樂事
何故此滅復名樂事?第一義樂事故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaḥ sauvarṇikamityucyate paramārthasukhādhiṣṭhānatāmupādāya //

卯十八、趣吉祥 
何故此滅名趣吉祥?為證得彼易修方便所依處故。 kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaḥ svastyayanamityucyate / tatsukhaprayogaprāptipadasthānatāmupādāya //

卯十九、無病
何故此滅復名無病?永離一切障礙病故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punarogyamityucyate / sarvāvaraṇaro gavirahatāmupādāya //

卯二十、不動
何故此滅復名不動?永離一切散動故。 kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punarārnijyamityucyate / sarvavikṣepavirahatāmupādāya //

卯二十一、涅槃 
何故此滅復名涅槃?無相寂滅大安樂住所依處故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punarnirvāṇamityucyate / animittaśāntamahā sukhavihārapadasthānatāmupādāya /

寅三、對苦諦辨名(分五科)卯一、無生 
何故此滅復名無生?離續生故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punarajātamityucyate / pratisaṃdhyupapattivirahatāmupādāya //

卯二、無起
何故此滅復名無起?永離此後漸生起故。 kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punarabhūtamityucyate / taduttarakālotpattivirahatāmupādāya // (Abhidh-s 65)

卯三、無造
何故此滅復名無造?永離前際諸業煩惱勢力所引故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaraskṛtamityucyate / pūrvāntakarmakleśabalavadā vedhavirahatāmupādāya //

卯四、無作
何故此滅復名無作?不作現在諸業煩惱所依處故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punarasaṃskṛtamityucyate / vartamānakarma kleśānabhisaṃskāra padasthānatāmupādāya /

卯五、不生
何故此滅復名不生?永離未來相續生故。kimupādāya sa nirodhaḥ punaranutpannamityucyate / anāgatasantatyutpādavirahatāmupādāya //

庚二、辨四行相(分二科)辛一、總標
如是滅諦總有四種行相差別:謂滅相、靜相、妙相、離相。tathā nirodhasatyasya samāsataścatvāro lakṣaṇaprabhedāḥ / nirodhalakṣaṇaṃ śāntalakṣaṇaṃ praṇītalakṣaṇaṃ niḥsaraṇalakṣaṇaṃ ca /

辛二、別釋(分四科)壬一、滅相 
云何滅相?煩惱離繫故。kimupādāya nirodhalakṣaṇam / kleśavisaṃyogatāmupādāya //

壬二、靜相 
云何靜相?苦離繫故。kimupādāya śāntalakṣaṇam / duḥkhavisaṃyogatāmupādāya /

壬三、妙相 
云何妙相?樂淨事故。kimupādāya praṇītalakṣaṇam / sukhaśucyadhiṣṭhānatāmupādāya //

壬四、離相 
云何離相?常利益事故。kimupādāya niḥsaraṇalakṣaṇam / nityahitādhiṣṭhānatāmupādāya //
(atha viniścaye satyaparicchede prathame caturtho bhāgaḥ)