1.No. 721正法念處經，元魏婆羅門瞿曇般若流支譯
2.藏譯英The Application of Mindfulness of the Sacred Dharma, Saddharma smṛtyupasthāna https://read.84000.co/translation/toh287.html.
地獄品之七
又彼比丘知業果報，復觀焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處，彼處名為無終沒入，是彼地獄第九別處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語，樂行多作，業及果報如前所說。
2. 752 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Hell of Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Infinite Sinking into the Ground. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, and lying.
復有邪見，身、口、意業，業業普遍，作業究竟，樂行多作。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮彼地獄無終沒入別異處生。
In short, one is born there due to resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing properly initiated and completed misdeeds of body, speech, and mind. When later one separates from one’s body, one will fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell of Infinite Sinking into the Ground.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具足五倍更重。邪見所作：以不正聞他人所教，有如是心：『若以虫蟻、蛇蟒、鹿馬而著火中，火既歡喜，我得大福，生勝世間。火所燒者，魔醯首羅世界中生。若人以火燒眾生者，則得無量勝大福德。』
2. 753 “The beings in that realm experience torture as they undergo the combined ordeals of the Reviving Hell, and so forth, intensified fivefold. In the past they developed wrong view due to receiving unwholesome teachings, and thus they proclaimed, ‘By throwing insects, ants, snakes, vipers, mammals, and birds into flames, the fire will be pleased. Delighted, the god of fire will grant infinite life, whereas those that are burned in the fire proceed to the imperishable realm of Rudra. Those who submit such creatures to fire will obtain great virtue.’ [F.215.b]
如是愚癡邪法所誑，邪見之人身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄無終沒入別異處生，受大苦惱。所謂苦者：彼有鐵山，火焰甚熾廣五由旬，其山普遍地獄火燃。
Those who are deceived by wrong teachings and assume such wrong views will, upon separating from their bodies, fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell known as Infinite Sinking into the Ground. The beings in that realm experience the tortures of a mountain of embers that burns with the flames of hell and measures five leagues.
閻魔羅人驅地獄人令上彼山，燒脚腰髖、背臂頭項、手足耳眼乃至頭腦，燒已復生，生已復燒，時節長遠無有年數，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
Henchmen of the Lord of Death will carry the hell beings to that mountain and throw them upon it. Thus, their feet, hips, genitals, backs, shoulders, necks, arms, eyes, ears, noses, heads, and brains will all burn, only to reappear. Until their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, they will continue to burn for a tremendously long span of innumerable years.
彼邪見人既脫彼處，於五百世生於食屎餓鬼之中，一切身分皆悉焰燃，於夜中行眾人所見。
2. 754 “When they finally escape this hell, they will, as an effect that accords with their causal actions of assuming a horrifying wrong view, live five hundred times as starving spirits that subsist on excrement. With their bodies aflame, they will prowl at night, visible to everyone, while under the power of the evil acts they committed.
彼惡業人，如是鬼中既得脫已，生在畜生作螢火虫，身有火焰，於夜中行一切人見。白日風吹，日光所炙，身則內燒。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
When they finally escape such an existence as a starving spirit, they will assume an animal body and be born as fireflies, which are perceptible to human beings throughout day and night. Fire will burn in their interiors and they will be additionally injured by the rays of the sun. [B12]
又彼比丘知業果報，復觀焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處，彼處名為大鉢頭摩，是彼地獄第十別處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語，樂行多作。
2. 755 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Heat, he will perceive a neighboring realm known as Resembling a Great Lotus. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, and lying. [F.216.a]
以要言之：身、口、意業普遍究竟，作而復集。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄大鉢頭摩別異處生。
In short, one is born there due to resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing duly initiated and completed misdeeds of body and speech. When one later separates from one’s body, one will thus fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell called Resembling a Great Lotus.
業及果報如前所說。復有邪見：彼邪見人有如是心：『於大齋中，若殺丈夫，得稱意處。』造作如是邪見惡業，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄大鉢頭摩別異處生。
2. 756 “As for wrong view, some may claim that by performing secret sacrifices one will attain a world free from decay. When they later separate from their bodies, they will fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell known as Resembling a Great Lotus.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者：彼地獄處，如鉢頭摩在彼鬚中，金剛棘鬚五百由旬。地獄罪人鉢頭摩金剛棘中，彼金剛棘破壞彼人一切身分，無針頭許不被刺處，無地獄火不遍燒處，身瘡焰燃。如是久時常燒常煮，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
2. 757 “The beings in that realm undergo the following tortures. This hell is shaped like a lotus that has vajra-like thorns between its anthers. The realm extends for five hundred leagues and when sentient beings are born there, their bodies will immediately be pierced by the thorns. No part of their bodies will be spared, not even one the size of the head of a needle. Likewise, no part of their bodies will be spared the burn wounds caused by fire. Until their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, they will continue to boil and burn.
既得脫已，於二百世生於食屎餓鬼之中。彼處脫已，於五百世生畜生中，作孔雀等，常食惡毒。既得脫已，難得人身，如龜遇孔。若生人中同業之處，常困貧窮，繫屬他人；若作伎兒，以戲為業而自活命，若如是戲而活命者，世間下賤乃至命盡。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 758 “When one finally escapes this hell, one will, as an effect that accords with one’s causal actions, be born two hundred times as a starving spirit subsisting on filth. Following that one will take birth five hundred times as a poison-consuming peacock. If, with the likelihood of a sea turtle poking its head through a yoke floating on the ocean, one should be born with the general lot in life of a human, one will always be poor and dependent. One will live as a dancer, or some other type of entertainer. For one’s entire life one will remain indigent.
又彼比丘知業果報，復觀焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名惡嶮岸，是彼地獄第十一處，眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語，業及果報如前所說。
2. 759 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Terrifying Slope. [F.216.b] Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that, just as before, such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, and lying.
復有邪見，樂行多作，所謂：有人作如是見：『入水死者，一切罪滅。死已生於八臂世界，彼處不退。』
As for the specific way of resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing wrong view, some people believe that bathing in rivers will purify misdeeds and lead to birth and eternal life in the world of Viṣṇu.
如是癡人望生彼處，復教他人，亦隨喜他，入水而死。彼人如是入水死已，墮於惡處，在彼地獄惡嶮岸處，受大苦惱。
Thus, they may propagate such religious practice, promising others eternal life in that world and making them fond of the practice. They may thus cause them to lose their life while bathing. When they themselves die, they will take birth in the hell of Terrifying Slope.
破壞身業、口業、意業，於彼處生受大苦惱。所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。
2. 760 “Thus, brought down by misdeeds of body, speech, and mind, beings who are born in Terrifying Slope will experience all the combined suffering of the Reviving Hell, and so forth.
復有勝者：彼地獄處極利刃石遍滿其中，多有惡山，處處遍滿巖崖嶮峻，高千由旬鳥飛不得到，何況罪人而能往到？焰火普遍一切熾燃。
In particular, this hell is covered with stones that have extremely sharp edges, and there are precipitous mountains with extremely steep slopes all around that reach ten leagues into the sky. Since even birds cannot cross them, it is obvious that hell beings cannot do so either. The mountains are aflame and blazing all over, appearing like a single mass of fire.
彼地獄處一地獄人，為餘一切地獄罪人說如是言：『君等可來，過此山已，更無地獄。若過此山，我等得樂。』諸地獄人以惡業故，聞見彼人作如是說。如是說已，諸地獄人走赴彼山。以惡業故，到彼巖崖嶮岸之處，彼處普燒火焰熾燃，既走往至。
2. 761 “Still, one among the hell beings, motivated by negative karmic actions, will at some point call to all the others, ‘Friends, this hell ends beyond those mountains. Let us cross these summits and find happiness beyond!’ As soon as they hear this call, everyone will begin to move toward the terrifying, flaming mountains with extremely steep, ragged slopes, impelled by negative karmic actions.
不能得上，有墮墜者，有在火中極被燒者，有怖畏故手抱焰石而被燒者，有驚畏故望救望歸走迴還者。
Yet they will be unable to climb them. [F.217.a] Some will be consumed by the flames immediately. Others will, in terror, burn as they grasp on to the sharp rocks. Shocked and terrified, the beings of this hell yearn for a protector, refuge, and guard.
彼地獄處閻魔羅人手捉鐵椎，極打連打。彼地獄人身業、口業、意業邪故，長久遠時如是燒煮，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
Yet the Lord of Death’s henchmen will chop off the limbs of some with swords and pound others to a pulp with hammers. Thus, suffering under their misdeeds of body, speech, and mind, they will continue to boil and burn for an extremely long time until finally their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted.
既得脫已，於三百世生於食血餓鬼之中，同業處生。彼處脫已，於三百世生於有毒畜生之中，是彼惡業餘殘果報。若生人中同業之處，貧窮多病，惡國土生諸根不具，常有怖畏惡國土中。
2. 762 “When one finally escapes this hell, one will, as an effect that accords with one’s causal actions, live three hundred years as a starving spirit subsisting on blood. Once free of such an existence, one will be born into the animal realm and live three hundred years as a large constrictor snake. If one is born with the general lot in life of a human, one will be poor and sickly, live in an inferior place, have incomplete faculties, and take birth in an environment of constant and plentiful fears.
又彼比丘知業果報，復觀焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名金剛骨，是彼地獄第十二處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語，樂行多作，如前所說。
2. 763 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Masses of Vajra-Like Bones. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, and lying.
復有邪見，樂行多作，所謂：有人作如是心：『一切世間命、無命物，自然而生、自然而滅，如棘刺針、孔雀毛色，如鹿愛焰、乾闥婆城，無因緣有、無因緣滅。一切諸法皆亦如是，無因緣生、無因緣滅，自然如是。』
Likewise, such a birth is also due to resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing wrong view. Thus, some people claim, ‘All things occur by chance and come to an end by chance. The sharpness of the thorn and the colors of the peacock are like optical illusions and the cities of the gandharvas, for they appear and disappear without depending on causes and conditions. Such is the way of all things.’ [F.217.b]
復教他人、安住他人，令如是信，破壞身業、口業、意業。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄金剛骨處。
In this way they will introduce others to the view that everything happens by chance, establish them within that view, and become teachers of it. Oppressed by their misdeeds of body, speech, and mind, they will, upon separating from their bodies, fall into the lower realms and take birth in the hell of Masses of Vajra-Like Bones.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。復有勝者：閻魔羅人取地獄人，以嚴利刀削其身肉，皆悉令盡，唯有骨在。
2. 764 “The beings in this realm undergo the combined tortures of the Reviving Hell, and so forth. On top of that, it is particular to this hell that the henchmen of the Lord of Death will cut off their flesh with sharp weapons and draw out all their blood. They will then gather their bones and grind them.
見本怨家執諸骨人，以此打彼，以彼打此。以惡業故，骨為金剛，有頭破者、身中破者，或有罪人一切身分皆悉破者，有作孔者、有骨乾者，或有罪人失身分者，復有以骨更互打者，有以焰石而打之者。
Yet, by the power of the misdeeds of the beings in this hell, the bones will thereby become like vajras. Thus, the bones will crack open the heads of other hell beings, crush their hips, and destroy all their major and minor body parts. Some will bleed to death, some will experience the devastation of a single body part, and some will cry out to each other. Thus, with their own bones and skeletons, as well as blazing stones, the hell beings bring destruction and death upon one another.
彼地獄人惡業因緣，無數年歲，彼地獄中見本怨家如是執持，更互而打。乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
As instigated by their karmic actions, these hell beings will continue to suffer in this way for an extremely long time, impossible to count in years, until finally their negative deeds have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted. For innumerable years they will continue to bring death upon one another.
既得脫已，於五百世生自食腦餓鬼之中。彼處脫已，於五百世生畜生中而作蠍虎，或作瞿陀。彼處脫已，難得人身，如龜遇孔。若生人中同業之處，生於邊地樹林國土，陀羅毘羅、安陀羅等惡國土中，貧窮多病，繫屬於他。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 765 “When one finally escapes this hell, one will, as a karmic effect that accords with one’s causal actions, be born as a starving spirit that feeds on its own brain. Next, one will enter the world of animals and be born three hundred times as a chameleon, a lizard, or another such reptile. If, with the likelihood of a sea turtle poking its head through a yoke floating on the ocean, one should be born with the general lot in life of a human, one will live in the jungle, be born among the Dramiḍas or the Andhakas, be poor and sickly, and become enslaved by others. [F.218.a]
又彼比丘知業果報，復觀焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名黑鐵繩刀解受苦，是彼地獄第十三處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語，樂行多作，業及果報如前所說。
2. 766 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Excruciating Splitting and Cutting by Means of a Black Iron Thread. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, and lying.
復有邪見，所謂：有人作如是見：『一切罪福在因緣中，所因之處皆得罪福。』喜為他說，樂行多作。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄名黑鐵繩刀解受苦別異處生。
As for wrong view, some people teach, become habituated to, and increase a wrong view of cause and effect. 101 When such people separate from their bodies, they will fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell of Excruciating Splitting and Cutting by Means of a Black Iron Thread.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受五倍更重。復有勝者，所謂：彼處閻魔羅人以黑鐵繩鎖其身體，以惡業故如是鎖已，以利鐵刃，火焰熾燃，從足至頭而解劈之。
2. 767 “That realm features the combined tortures of the Reviving Hell, and so forth, intensified fivefold. In particular, the power of these hell beings’ previous misdeeds will produce black iron threads that split their bodies apart, 102 while the henchmen of the Lord of Death sever everything from their feet to their heads with sharp, flaming weapons.
彼地獄人既被鎖劈，悲號大叫、唱喚啼哭，而復更以鐵繩鎖之，焰燃利鐵極細分解，如芥子許亦不可得，而更和合，還復更生；和合生已，而復更割，割已復割。彼人如是彼地獄處於長久時受大苦惱，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
As they are sliced and diced, the hell beings scream and wail pitifully. Yet the cleaving and cutting with the black iron thread continue until not even tiny body pieces the size of sesame seeds remain. Until their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, they will thus continue to experience torture for an extremely long time.
既得脫已，於五百世生餓鬼中，食人所棄蘯器惡水。彼處脫已，於一百世生畜生中，作蛭、作蝎、若蜣蜋等種種諸虫，是彼惡業餘殘果報。若生人中同業之處，所生常為飢渴所逼；若有異人違犯王法，橫誣抂押，令其入罪。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 768 “When one finally escapes this hell, one will, as an effect that accords with one’s causal actions, be born five hundred times as a starving spirit subsisting on ritual offerings of food, and after that five hundred times as a leech, a scorpion, or an ant. If one should be born with the general lot in life of a human, one will, in accordance with one’s causal actions, be tormented by hunger and thirst [F.218.b] and be blamed for offenses committed toward the king by someone else.
又彼比丘知業果報，復觀焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處，彼處名為那迦虫柱惡火受苦，是彼地獄第十四處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語，樂行多作，業及果報如前所說。
2. 769 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Terrifying Inferno with Swarms of Crocodiles. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, and lying.
復有邪見，樂行多作，所謂：有人如是邪見言：『無此世，亦無彼世、殺、盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語業及果報，如前所說。此世間常、一切法常，常不破壞。』彼人如是顛倒邪見。邪見之人復教他人令住邪見，數數為說、大眾中說，惡因譬喻為他人說，令彼前人取惡邪見。於大眾中。於相似法，非法說法。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄那迦虫柱惡火苦處。
As for conceiving of, becoming habituated to, and increasing wrong view, some people think, ‘This world is permanent and enduring. All existent factors are permanent. They are permanent and true.’ Such a misperception is a wrong view, and if one propagates it among others, causes others to assume it, teaches it repeatedly to a circle of followers, and so brings others to adhere to unwholesome causes and views by teaching something that is not the Dharma as the true Dharma, one will, upon separating from one’s body, fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell of Terrifying Inferno with Swarms of Crocodiles.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。復有勝者，所謂：彼處有鐵柱生釘其頭上，從下而出，如是出已，半下入地，半在頭上。
2. 770 “In that realm, beings must endure the combined terrors of the Reviving Hell, and so forth. On top of that, it is particular to that hell that an iron rod suddenly appears. Breaking through one’s skull and brain, it will pass through one’s body, emerge out of the anus, and then run into the ground.
如是穿已，有那迦虫在彼罪人皮肉脂中一切處生，飲食罪人一切身分：先啄其脈，飲血令盡；次食其肉，次破其骨，次飲其髓，次斷其筋，次斷其脈，次燒其竅，次拔其毛，抖擻其皮。次入身內在叢筋中，次破其心；既破心已，而飲其汁，次破其肺，次入背中而飲其汁，次散其脈；次以焰鉗破其頷下而拔其舌，拔已與狗，以其舌根本說惡語、說顛倒因、非法譬喻和合說故。彼地獄人如是舌罪故受如是一切苦網。
As one thus stands impaled, worms called ‘crocodiles’ will appear and begin to consume all one’s skin, flesh, and fat. Eating and drinking, they will consume all the major and minor body parts, drawing out the blood, causing convulsions, gnawing through the flesh, causing the eyes to fall out, exposing sinew and muscles, [F.219.a] severing the veins, chewing at the body openings, extracting the hair, peeling off the skin, and digging into the flesh. They will break the heart open, drink from it, and consume the lungs, back, and all the vital organs. The esophagus and tongue will be extracted with flaming tongs and fed to dogs.
彼邪見人曲見教他，以大惡心教化餘人，令住邪見，身業、口業、意業破壞。於長久時在地獄中常被燒燃，無有年數不可窮盡，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
2. 771 “Those who fall into the extreme position of adopting unwholesome causes and views, and so speak in unwholesome ways, will become caught in a web of suffering due to their misdeeds. Such hell beings, who developed a wrong and deceitful view and misleadingly propagated it, are great preachers of falsehood. Imprisoned in hell and brought down by their misdeeds of body, speech, and mind, they will continue to burn for innumerable years until finally their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted.
既得脫已，於三百世生食死屍餓鬼之中。既得脫已，難得人身，如龜遇孔。若生人中同業之處，他犯王法，橫得其殃，以惡業故，貧窮多病，繫屬他人不得自在，噉食人肉而復名人。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 772 “When one finally escapes this hell one will, as a karmic effect that accords with one’s causal actions, be born three hundred times as a starving spirit subsisting on human corpses. If, with the likelihood of a sea turtle poking its head through a yoke floating on the ocean, one should be born with the general lot in life of a human, one will, as an effect that accords with one’s causal actions, receive royal punishment for the offenses committed by others. One will be poor and sickly, be enslaved by others, become a cannibal, and not attain any bodily perception. 103
又彼比丘知業果報，復觀焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名闇火風，是彼地獄第十五處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語，樂行多作，業業普遍，作業究竟。以是惡業墮彼地獄闇火風處，業及果報如前所說。
2. 773 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Forest Fires Like an Enveloping Darkness. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will examine this with knowledge derived from hearing, and thus see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing properly initiated and completed acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, [F.219.b] alcohol consumption, and lying. Upon separating from one’s body, one will thus fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell of Forest Fires Like an Enveloping Darkness.
復有邪見，樂行多作，所謂：有人作如是見：『一切諸法有常、無常。無常者身；常者四大。』彼邪見人如是二見，惡因惡喻為他人說，令住邪見，復生隨喜，於大眾中、於非法中相似法說。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄闇火風處受大苦惱。
2. 774 “As for resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing wrong view, some people believe that certain things are impermanent while others are permanent. They claim that the body is impermanent whereas the elements of earth, and so forth, are permanent. They may then make others adhere to the unwholesome causes and views that subscribe to such a position predicated on the two extremes. They may cause others to embrace such view, become enthusiastic about it, and propagate it. They may teach this non-Dharmic view to their audience as if it followed the Dharma, and cause their disciples to uphold it. When they later separate from their bodies, they will fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell of Forest Fires Like an Enveloping Darkness.
所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受五倍更重。復有勝者：彼既得脫，閻魔羅人所作苦惱難脫脫已，惡業所作，後復更入闇火急風受苦之處，惡風所吹，彼地獄人在虛空中，無所依處，如輪疾轉，身不可見。
2. 775 “The beings in that realm undergo all the tortures of the Reviving Hell, and so forth, intensified fivefold. On top of that, and in particular, when they at one point escape the tortures of the Lord of Death’s henchmen, a great wind will blow, created by their own karmic actions, that will bring with it a total and all-encompassing darkness. The wind will hurl the beings of this hell through dark space so that they are not even being able to perceive their own bodies.
彼人如是如輪轉已，異刀風生碎割其身，令如沙摶分散十方，又復更生，生已復散，散已復生。恒常如是無有年數，受如是等堅急苦惱，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
While thus enveloped by total darkness they will sense the stirring of a new type of wind that is sharp like a razor. As this wind begins to blow, their bodies will disintegrate as when handfuls of sand are scattered. They will then revive, only to be destroyed once more. Thus, until their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, they will continue to suffer fierce and excruciating pain for innumerable years.
既得脫已，於五百世生於食吐餓鬼之中。彼處脫已，復生飢渴畜生之中，是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 776 “When one finally escapes this hell, one will, as a karmic effect that accords with one’s causal actions, be born four hundred times as a starving spirit subsisting on vomit. Once free of such an existence, one will then take birth as an animal that feeds on vomit, and be tormented by starvation and thirst. [F.220.a]
又彼比丘知業果報，復觀焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處，彼處名為金剛嘴蜂，是彼地獄第十六處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語，樂行多作，業及果報如前所說。
2. 777 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Tormenting Armor of Vajra-Like Flies. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing, and see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing properly initiated and completed acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, and lying.
復有邪見，所謂：有人作如是見：『世間有始，因緣而生，有常、無常，一切皆是因緣所作。』彼不實語，邪因譬喻，於非法中相似法說，令他餘人安住邪法。
2. 778 “As for wrong view, some people believe, ‘Cyclic existence has a beginning and a cause. There are permanent and impermanent causes of all this, and thus this is produced by those causes.’ Disturbed by unwholesome causes and views, they proceed to present what is not Dharma as the Dharma and establish others in that.
退失正法，障礙正法而作邪見。彼不正說，常法非因、常法不動、常法不異、常不能作猶如虛空，彼邪見人不實分別。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄生金剛嘴蜂鎧鉀處，受大苦惱。
In this way, they steer people away from the genuine path, causing them to turn their backs on the Dharma, and make them adhere to a view that is wrong because the teaching is false. There are no permanent causes whatsoever. The permanent is beyond time, unchanging, and unproductive, like space. And yet they think differently. When they later separate from their bodies, they fall into the lower realms and are born in the hell of Tormenting Armor of Vajra-Like Flies.
彼邪見人身業、口業、意業破壞。下賤之人，眾生中劣。障礙正法，住不善法。以愚癡故作惡道行，自謂有智，恃智我慢，自意分別，不實語說，受大苦惱。
2. 779 “Damaged by their harmful misdeeds of body, speech, and mind, such unwholesome people adhered to wrong views, refuted the true teaching, descended into the untrue teaching, ignorantly pursued an unwholesome path, and propagated their own arrogant intellectual assumptions.
所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受五倍更重。
They will meet with harm, for the beings in that realm suffer all the tortures of the Reviving Hell, and so forth, intensified fivefold.
復有勝者，所謂：彼處閻魔羅人以極細鉗稍拔其肉，如毛根許，拔已復拔，如是連拔，置其口中，驅令自食。彼處多有金剛嘴蜂，觸罪人身有熱血出，味醎如鹽，閻魔羅人取彼醎血置罪人口，驅令食之。
On top of that, and in particular, henchmen of the Lord of Death will pluck out tiny pieces of their flesh with fine pincers and begin to eat them. [F.220.b] Next, flies with vajra- like mouths will appear, hurting their bodies as if salty water were poured into the wounds, and making their hot blood flow. The henchmen of the Lord of Death will then feed this to the hell beings.
彼既食已，十倍飢渴，燒其身心。惡業所誑，復自食肉，食已更生。惡業因緣，作集惡業之所誑惑，受大苦惱無有年數，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
After this nourishment, the beings of this hell, deceived by their own misdeeds, will be physically and mentally tormented by hunger and thirst that are ten times stronger than before. Then, as an effect that accords with their deeds, their flesh and blood will reemerge, because their karmic actions will prevent them from dying. Thus, deceived by their own actions, they will continue to undergo torture for innumerable years, until finally their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted.
既得脫已，於四百世生餓鬼中，食不淨食。彼處脫已，於五百世生畜生中，而作曲蟮蜣蜋等虫，飢渴燒身。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 780 “When one finally escapes this hell, one will, as an effect that accords with one’s acts, be born four hundred times as a starving spirit subsisting on leftovers, and then five hundred times in the animal realm as a starving and thirsty jungle cow, or the like. 104
又彼比丘知業果報，復觀焦熱之大地獄，如是觀已，彼更不見第十七處。如是焦熱之大地獄，如是等處如是盡邊，彼邪見人如是業作，惡業住處。
2. 781 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Heat, he will not perceive any seventeenth realm. Thus, he will conclude, ‘This is the extent of the regions that surround the great Hell of Heat. Such are the realms of those who engaged in acts of wrong view.’
彼比丘如是觀察六大地獄，如實而知。彼修行者內心思惟——隨順正法觀察法行，如是見已心生歡喜，作如是言：『此比丘第一精進，得十一地，彼人則能斷生死道。』彼地夜叉知已歡喜，轉復上聞虛空夜叉，如前所說次第乃至聞不少天，作如是言：『某國某村某善男子，如前所說，得十一地，不共魔王同一處住，心不樂與煩惱共戲，離生死欲非境界處，一切世界無邊苦中不肯住止。』
2. 782 “Having thus examined the sixteen regions of this great hell, the spiritual practitioner, who carefully observes inner phenomena, will feel great joy. The terrestrial yakṣas will see this and exclaim with great joy, ‘Ah, with unfailing diligence this monk has entered the eleventh ground and severed the duration of cyclic existence!’ They will inform the celestial yakṣas about this, and so the news will travel all the way to gods in Limited Light. [F.221.a] Thus, it will be known, ‘The noble son known as such and such . . . has now entered the eleventh ground . . . . He has no interest in remaining on the same ground as the māras and does not wish to play with the affliction of desire. He does not wish for any of the existences that involve engagement with objects —the infinite grounds that cause suffering.’
又彼比丘觀活、黑繩、合、喚、大喚及焦熱等并別處已，復更觀察，為當更有餘地獄不？彼見聞知，有大地獄名大焦熱。眾生何業生彼地獄？彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語、邪見，樂行多作，墮彼地獄，業及果報如前所說。
· · The Hell of Intense Heat · ·
2. 783 “When the monk has thus examined the hells of Reviving, Black Line, Crushing, Howling, Great Howling, and Heat, together with the surrounding hells, he will search for other hell realms and thus, by applying knowledge derived from hearing, perceive the Hell of Intense Heat. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, lying, and wrong view.
復於持戒不犯禁戒具足不缺淨行童女、善比丘尼，未曾行欲、未曾犯戒如來法中如法行者，令其退壞。
2. 784 “Also, a young nun who adheres to her vows, maintains her discipline, and follows impeccable conduct, may be caused to break her vow of celibacy and stumble in her practice of the teaching of the thus-gone ones.
如是之人不信佛法，如是心言：『佛者，則非一切智人。佛既非是一切智者，何況弟子比丘尼僧有清淨行？如是一切皆是妄語，虛誑不實。如是佛法乃是惡處，非布施此能生福德，非布施此能得涅槃。此凡人僧，如是和合比丘女尼毀破禁戒，則不得罪。』
One may consequently lose faith in the Buddha and think, ‘The Buddha is not omniscient, so what about his saṅgha of nuns? All this is a lie and his instructions are false and corrupt. There is nothing virtuous to be derived from donating to the nuns. Giving to them is not going to bring an end to suffering. The saṅgha are just ordinary people. There is nothing wrong in causing young nuns to break their vows.’
彼人如是惡思惟已，壞彼童女、比丘尼戒，令退僧行、令其犯戒。彼人身業、口業、意業惡不善行，身壞命終墮於惡處，在大焦熱大地獄中受大苦惱。
2. 785 “Thinking thus, one may cause this nun to break her vow, in consequence of which she stumbles in her discipline. As for the person who stumbled in his view, corrupt in the actions of his body, speech, and mind, when he later separates from his body, he will fall into the lower realms [F.221.b] and take birth in the Hell of Intense Heat.
一由旬身，身極柔軟軟於生酥，如是眼軟，更軟於身，如是五根皆悉坏軟，聲觸色香猶尚能殺，何況餘苦？如彼作惡，惡業重故，如是身心皆悉坏軟。
2. 786 “In that hell, his body will be one league tall and extremely fragile, as if made of soft butter. Even the most insignificant sight, sound, touch, taste, form, or smell is liable to kill him, because the more involved he was in evil previously, the more fragile his body and mental state has now become.
彼惡業人惡業力故受極苦惱，彼惡業人臨欲死時，現受業報，有大苦惱，如前所說，活地獄中所有苦惱皆悉具受。
2. 787 “Due to the force of the negative and unvirtuous actions the results of which are to be experienced in this life, one will experience suffering at the time of dying. Thus, already at the moment of death one will certainly undergo experiences like those of the beings in the Reviving Hell.
如此罪人臨欲死時，於先三日如是受苦乃至命盡，失音不語，想大怖畏，行劣識驚，如是次第四大色怒，極受苦惱。
The dying process will take three days, during which one’s tongue will become mute, one’s perceptions frightening, one’s intellect weak, and one’s consciousness filled with terror. When the four great elements are racked by upheaval one will be overcome by painful sensations.
地界堅[革*卬]，身體強怒，一切身分筋脈骨髓處處閉塞，皆悉破壞生大苦惱，如新生酥，摶押磨打，地界如是。
Due to disturbances pertaining to the solid nature of the earth element, one’s entire body, veins, muscles, and throat will be blocked, punctured, perforated, constricted, crushed like a lump of butter, pulverized, and hardened.
又復水界：一切身分筋脈繫縛，本自堅燥，能令爛緩，殺虫氣臭，一切漏門皆悉閉塞，咽不通利、舌縮入喉，諸竅受苦，遍體汗出。
Due to disturbances pertaining to the water element, all of one’s body, veins, and muscles will become tight and stiff, swollen and flaccid, smelly, and the bodily worms will die. All the orifices will become clogged up, and one will begin to wheeze, distressed by the pain in one’s throat, tongue, and bodily orifices. The entire body will be covered in sweat.
又復火界：一切身體所有筋脈皆悉燒煮，受大苦惱，身體皮膚如赤銅色，內外皆熱，口乾大渴燒心熾熱。
As the fire element is disturbed, all of one’s body, veins, and muscles will burn, boil, and ache. One’s complexion will become like copper and one will experience burning both within and on the outside. [F.222.a] One will feel extreme thirst, one’s mouth will dry out, and the heart will burn.
又復風界：輕相更增，以身乾故如昇虛空，復下墮地，一切身分一切皆乾，一切身分、一切脈中風行不住。
The wind element will also become disturbed, and so its light and shifting nature will make one feel as if one were catapulted through space. With its fierce character, the wind element will ravage all one’s major and minor body parts and elements, getting into every interstice of the vital body parts.
有風名為必波羅針，如焰針刺乃至遍身如毛根等，乃至精髓皆悉乾燒；卑波羅風能割皮肉脂骨精髓，如斤斧斫，吹一切根，一切身分皆悉閉塞，大小便利擁隔不通，息不調利、咽喉不正。
With its components pippalaka and sūcaka, the wind will penetrate like burning needles the pores of the skin, making them shrivel, when it blows as sūcaka. When it blows as pippalaka, it will break the skin, flesh, fat, bones, marrow, and semen. It will break them like an axe and destroy them. All one’s faculties will be blocked, as will all the orifices for feces, urine, and the breath, as well as the throat.
眼目損減，耳中則聞不可愛聲，鼻不聞香、舌不知味，鼻柱傾倒、人根縮入，糞門苦痛如火所觸，受大苦惱，皮膚腫起、毛髮不牢。此等唯說惡業行人臨欲死時。
Visual hallucinations will occur, one will hear unpleasant sounds, liquid will appear from one’s nose, one’s nails will become blue, one’s nose will turn awry, the scrotum will hang low, one’s anus and penis will ache as if touched by burning embers, one’s skin will tear open and swell, and one’s hair and body hair will slacken. These are but a few of the excruciating sensations that those who engaged in misdeeds and wrongdoing will experience at the time of death.
彼人如是三夜三日，四大怒盛，苦惱所逼。若命盡時，他世相現，所謂自見一切屋舍如黑帳幕，見有黑焰，如夢見色，如是惡相不曾暫住。
2. 788 “Thus, for three days one will be harmed by disturbances in the four great elements. As the end draws near, one will perceive signs of the realms of hell that await one beyond the present world. Thus, one will see one’s dwelling as enveloped in an unpleasant dome of fire and one will perceive various dream-like appearances.
復見惡色師子虎等不可愛色，一切極惡皆悉具見，聞惡虎聲，生大恐怖，鐵磨身皮。
Hallucinating, one will see terrifying lions and tigers, [F.222.b] and it will seem as if these and other horrifying creatures are truly present. One will hear roaring sounds and unpleasant words, and it will feel as if one’s skin is being cut with weapons.
殘有欲盡。彼風上行始起足甲，離足甲已，次行足趺；離足趺已，次行其踹；如是離踹，次行其膝；如是離膝，次行其髀；如是離髀，次行其髖；如是離髖，次行其肚；如是離肚，次行其心；如是離心，咽喉不利、口乾唾盡，一眼則陷。
2. 789 “As one’s life comes to an end, the upward wind will flow, gradually flowing away from one’s nails, feet, calves, thighs, hips, abdomen, and heart, causing one to make a wheezing sound while one’s spit dries out and one’s eyes turn red.
見虛空中閻魔羅人手執鐵棒。既如是見，以手摩托，知識諸親見如是已，皆言此人手摩虛空。
One will try to ward off the henchmen of the Lord of Death moving through the air, wielding swords and hammers. One’s friends and relatives will say, ‘Look, he is clutching at the empty space.’
氣息閉塞，遍吹身分於是氣斷，如彼燈炷燒已而滅，捨此世間，生在中有，如因相似，相似得果。
2. 790 “As one draws long and pitiful breaths, the time of separating from one’s body will come. When one’s breathing ceases, one will pass from this world like a dim lamp with a dirty wick going out, into the intermediate existence where one will experience effects in accordance with one’s causal actions. As a perpetrator of misdeeds, one will suffer in the intermediate existence.
彼惡業人於中有中，受中有苦，彼見自身如長命時人壽八萬四千年歲，年始八歲小兒之身。自見自身，餘一切人皆所不見，四大微細，不見、不對，鑽須彌山能穿能過而不妨礙，自身不障、須彌不障，何況餘山？
One will perceive oneself as a young child, eight years old, one of those capable of living for eighty-four thousand years. At the same time, no other human beings will be visible whatsoever. The great elements may appear in both subtle and coarse form. Here, one has subtle elements that are imperceptible and unimpeded, and thus one is capable of passing through even Mount Sumeru without any harm being done to oneself or to Mount Sumeru. That being the case, it goes without saying that the same applies to other mountains as well.
彼中有中，如是自見黑闇鐵城，自身入中。以惡業故，見自己身一切諸毛皆悉焰燃。又復自見閻魔羅人以黑鐵繩反縛其手，復縛其足。彼黑鐵繩毒堅觸惡，其色可畏。次纏身中，遍體普急，不容毛頭。
2. 791 “In that world one will perceive oneself entering a castle that is the color of black iron and is shrouded in impenetrable darkness. As a result of one’s karmic actions, one’s body hairs will be seen ablaze. One will perceive oneself being bound tightly with black iron chains by the henchmen of the Lord of Death. [F.223.a] Thus one’s legs will be constricted by the sharp, stinging metal. The henchmen are terrifying as they move freely to and fro, while oneself remains tightly bound. There will not be anywhere on one’s body, not even as little as the tip of a hair, that is not tied down.
惡業行人如是自見，既為鐵繩堅急縛已，有不可愛色聲香味觸等境界，謂惡業故，眼見惡色甚可怖畏，閻魔羅人眼則焰燃多種惡色，努臂極瞋，心不憙見。又復耳聞不可愛語，心不樂聞。
2. 792 “Unpleasant sounds, textures, flavors, forms, and smells will manifest. One will perceive many forms that are unsightly to the eyes, of unpleasant color, terrifying, blazing with fire, and intense. One will hear words that cause one grief —words that are unpleasant, unwelcome, and repugnant.
所謂說言：此人乃是惡業行者，身業、口業、意業不善，造作惡行。人中善處寶洲之地，自誑其身不正思惟十善業道，作不善行。
2. 793 “Those who carried out misdeeds, who did wrong in terms of body, speech, and mind and engaged in unwholesome actions, attain this existence. Confused about the jewel island of wholesome human actions, they instead brought to mind and pursued the ten filthy, unvirtuous deeds.
常虛妄行，不得善寶。一切欲行如刀火毒，墮在嶮岸。此人如是為欲所誑、他妻所誑，如是惡行。此人如是不善觀察，造作三種不善惡業。
Their errors destroyed the jewel island and they were deceived by their own desires, which functioned like weapons, fire, poison, and a precipice. They were beguiled by the words of women who belonged to other and so, out of the desire for them, engaged in the three kinds of unvirtuous action.
如是癡人自行惡業，我於今者，置大焦熱大地獄中與種種苦，無量百千種種苦惱皆悉具與。
With unwholesome minds they engaged in misdeeds and so they come to suffer numerous torments in the Hell of Intense Heat. They were fooled by the sight of their children and spouses, and so engaged in misdeeds.
令使後時更不復作惡行惡業。閻魔羅人，為呵中有，離妻子人，大憂愁者，而說偈言：
2. 794 “Wanting to ensure that nothing like that shall ever occur again, the henchmen of the Lord of Death are now intent on inflicting hundreds of thousands of tortures. Thus, they will speak these verses of instruction to the beings in the intermediate existence:
女色為知識，不利益如怨，破壞人世界，到闇地獄處。cf. Dhs.16.57
2. 795 “ ‘What appears to be friendship is an enemy. It offers no help yet pretends to do so. Destroyed by that enemy, you now leave the world of humans And are headed for a great darkness.
一切怨惡中，更無如業怨，三惡業縛束，我今送地獄。cf. Dhs.16.58
2. 796 “ ‘You engaged in the three types of negative karmic action, But there is no enemy like the three misdeeds. Guided by the three karmic deeds You will now be taken to the land of the Lord of Death.
獨造作惡業，獨受惡果報，獨自到惡處，世間無同伴。cf. Dhs.13.11
2. 797 “ ‘For each action you performed [F.223.b] There will be a specific effect. Alone, beings will proceed one by one, Leaving their realms behind.
若人多作惡，因緣於他人，自作還自受，彼人不能救。cf. Dhs.13.12
2. 798 “ ‘People desire other people And engage in numerous misdeeds. But people cannot protect other people, And individuals must face what they themselves have done.
汝何故愚癡，為妻子所誑？於比丘尼等，癡誑故造惡。cf. Dhs.16.59
2. 799 “ ‘Why are people so misled By the idea of children? Bewildered and deceived, They cannot think of generosity and the rest.
此世未來世，怨常隨後行，怨中第一怨，一切惡處示。cf. Dhs.16.60
2. 800 “ ‘The enemy that follows you closely In this world and the next — The foremost among all enemies, Who will introduce you to all the lower realms,
自所作惡業，如毒如刀火，汝自作惡業，汝如是自食。cf. Dhs.16.61
2. 801 ‘Acting like poison, fire, and weapons — Is your own unwholesome action. The actions that you carried out Will be experienced by you alone.
非此人作業，餘人受果報，非初非中後，非此世他世。cf. Dhs.13.13
2. 802 “ ‘The actions engaged in by one Cannot be transferred to another. Whatever misdeed a person carried out Will not deliver any happiness or delightful experience —
2. 803 “ ‘Neither in this world nor the next, Nor at first, later, or in the end. Instead, preventing the fulfillment of one’s wishes, Such misdeeds will upset the mind
若人散亂意，心不正觀察，貪受樂味故，造作不善業。cf. Dhs.13.14
愚癡亂心人，增長不善法，不知正觀察，造作諸惡業。cf. Dhs.13.15
2. 804 “ ‘In the case of a confused mind That fails to see the reality, The nonvirtuous qualities will increase, As they captivate the fools’ minds.
心能誑眾生，心能令人貪，令人向地獄，闇中闇處去。cf. Dhs.13.16
2. 805 Beings deceived by their own minds Become extremely attached. In their wickedness, they end up in hell — The darkest of all darknesses.
闇覆生死中，難得佛正法，若人不愛法，從苦到苦處。cf. Dhs.13.17
2. 806 “ ‘In cyclic existence, enveloped by darkness, It is difficult to find the teachings of the Buddha. Those who do not want the Dharma Proceed from suffering to extreme suffering.
若人寂靜心，境界不破壞，彼人到善處，汝今者至此。cf. Dhs.16.62
2. 807 “ ‘Those whose minds never find peace, Being constantly assailed by sense objects, Will definitely enter the state That you are now looking at.
如是造作惡業行人，自身、口、意造不善業，閻魔羅人既呵責已，送大焦熱大地獄去。
2. 808 “Thus, those fooled by their own actions of body, speech, and mind, the perpetrators of misdeeds, will be instructed by the henchmen of the Lord of Death as they journey on to the great Hell of Intense Heat.
鼻嗅不淨臭爛惡屎，舌甞堅熱不淨惡味，得不可愛香味之色，身則當觸最重惡觸，有惡風來如刀如火。此五境界極惡可畏，心怖畏故則生恐怯，於先已見大地獄相。
Their noses will smell the stench of filth, rot, and excrement; their tongues will harden and become numb due to hot copper; and whatever smells, tastes, and forms they perceive will be repulsive. [F.224.a] With the body of a being in hell, they will perceive the movement of the wind to be like razors and flames. Their minds that previously were unperturbed by the five fears will now experience these omens of the great hells.
閻魔羅人堅繫其咽，業風所吹，將向地獄，不得自在。閻魔羅人面有惡狀，手足極熱，捩身努肚，罪人見之極大恾怖。閻魔羅人聲如雷吼，罪人聞之恐怖更增。
2. 809 “The henchmen of the Lord of Death will wrap tight robes around their necks, and, driven by the winds of karmic action, they will be helplessly dragged on. The appearance of the henchmen will transform, and their arms, legs, bellies, and nails will be terrifying. They will roar like thunder and wield weapons that resemble black clouds.
閻魔羅人手執利刀，腹肚甚大如黑雲色，眼焰如燈、狗牙鋒利，臂手皆長，搖動作勢，肩闊長爪鋒利焰燃，臂麁脈脹，一切身分皆悉麁起，如是種種可畏形狀。
Their eyes will be flaming andtheir fangs sharp like razor wheels. Their stomachs will be huge, their limbs short, their nails hard, sharp, and stiff, and their bodies will be covered with webs of thick veins.
執惡業人如是將去，過六十八百千由旬地海洲城，在海外邊，復行三十六億由旬，漸漸向下十億由旬，業風所吹，如是遠去。
As they arrive to drag off the evildoers, they will cover a distance of three hundred sixty million leagues, reaching ten million leagues below, and covering sixty-eight thousand leagues of ground, ocean, islands, and markets. 105
彼如是處業風力吹，非心思量，不可譬喻。彼處境界，日月風力所不能到，唯業風力。一切風中，業風第一，更無過者。
The manifestations of the results of the wind of karmic action are difficult to convey by means of any example. Among all winds, the wind of karmic action is supreme, and it does not move like the sun, the moon, or the common wind. There is no wind like that of karmic action.
如是業風將惡業人去到彼處，既到彼已，閻魔羅王呵責如前。閻魔羅王既呵責已，惡業羂縛出向地獄，以惡業故，彼處見有閻魔羅人，謂是眾生，將惡業人向大焦熱大地獄去。
It carries off the perpetrators of misdeeds to the Lord of Death where they are first instructed by him and then led out of his abode, tied with the shackles of their own karmic misdeeds. Bound by the ties of filthy actions, they are then dragged off to the Hell of Intense Heat.
如是罪人，闇中遠見彼大焦熱大地獄中普火焰燃。彼地獄量五千由旬，不增不減。
2. 810 “Already from afar, one will begin to perceive that hell as a place of flames and darkness. Seen at a distance, this blazing hell measures five thousand leagues. It is a place that does not increase or contract, yet at times very many beings are seen there and at others very few. 106
去彼地獄三千由旬，聞地獄人啼哭之聲悲愁恐魄，極大憂惱。已受無量種種苦惱，堅惡叵耐。如是無量百千萬億無數年歲，聞大焦熱大地獄中，地獄罪人啼哭之聲。
When one is within three thousand leagues of the Hell of Intense Heat, one will begin to hear the screams —pitiful, terrifying, and depraved, the voices are horrid and joyless. Tormented by the unbearable pains of their miserable existence, [F.224.b] these beings have been screaming for innumerable billions of years.
既聞啼哭，十倍恐魄，心驚怖畏，閻魔羅人如是將送向大焦熱大地獄去。閻魔羅人呵責之故，而說偈言：
2. 811 “Upon hearing these cries, one’s horror and fear will grow ten times more overwhelming. Meanwhile, as one approaches the Hell of Intense Heat, the henchmen of the Lord of Death will pronounce the following verses:
汝聞地獄聲，已如是怖畏，何況地獄燒，如燒乾薪草。cf. Dhs.16.63-71
2. 812 “ ‘Now that you hear these voices from hell, Wicked people, do you feel afraid? What are you going to do when the fires Consume you as their fuel?
火燒非是燒，惡業乃是燒，火燒則可滅，業燒不可滅。
2. 813 “ ‘Yet what burns you is not fire, But rather your own wrong acts. A bonfire may die out, But never the fire of misdeeds.
火不地獄燒，火不隨逐行，汝作惡業火，須臾當燒汝。
2. 814 “ ‘Ordinary fire will not bring you to the end of the world, And that fire cannot follow you. But this fire of wrong actions Will quickly consume you and everyone else.
若作惡業火，彼在燒獄燒，若捨惡業火，則不畏地獄。
2. 815 “ ‘The person burned by the fire of misdeeds Will come to burn in the fires of hell. The person who renounces the fire of misdeeds Will have no fear of hell.
若人自愛身，復畏於地獄，彼人則捨惡，不受大苦惱。
2. 816 “ ‘If you wish yourselves well And are afraid of hell, You must give up wrong action So that you do not have to suffer later on.
捨離惡業人，心常善觀察，身口意皆善，去涅槃不遠。
2. 817 “ ‘Those who relinquish unvirtuous actions, Whose minds are pure, And whose faculties of body and speech serene Are not far from the transcendence of suffering.
若人常惡心，癡心常自在，故得惡地獄，何須眼出淚？
2. 818 “ ‘If your mind is always unwholesome And constantly under the sway of delusion, You will accomplish the terrible realms of hell — What are you crying so much for?
造苦得苦報，苦滅得樂報，初中後惡業，眾生不受樂。
2. 819 “ ‘Throughout the beginning, middle, and end, Misdeeds mean suffering, painful ripening, And the realms of misery. Never will there be any positive ripening.
汝人中造惡，惡業已多作，如是惡業果，今者將欲受。
2. 820 “ ‘Today, in the world that ensues, Your unwholesome actions and many wrongs Will ripen as effects That you cannot bear to experience.
若人作惡業，則向惡處去，若人作善業，則去向善處。
2. 821 “ ‘People who engage in misdeeds, Move from one suffering to an even greater one. Those who do well will journey From one happiness to an even greater one.
非是作惡業，而得於樂果，樂果非惡得，以不顛倒受。
2. 822 “ ‘The effect of unwholesome actions Is excruciating and never enjoyable. The effects of joy will never Ripen as unbearable pain. [F.225.a]
無始世界來，作善得樂果，若作惡業者，如是得苦果。
2. 823 “ ‘In cyclic existence without beginning The result of wholesome actions is happiness, Whereas unwholesome actions Bring suffering as a result.
因緣則相似，顛倒不相應，已作因於前，如是得果報。
2. 824 “ ‘Causes and conditions arise in resemblance, So do not get any wrong ideas. The causes you created in the past Will bring you their fruition.’
如是罪人惡業所作，閻魔羅人於中有中苦呵責已，將向地獄。彼惡業人既聞呵責怖畏毛竪，何況眼見？
2. 825 “Thus, the henchmen of the Lord of Death, who are produced by karmic action, will instruct the beings in the intermediate existence as they lead them to hell. When the beings in the intermediate existence hear these words, the hairs on their bodies will stand on end, not to mention how they will respond to the terrifying sights!
彼中有人既見地獄焰火熾燃，色等諸陰極受寒苦，戰動難忍。於彼地獄熱焰熾火，心生貪著，起心即取。取因緣有，一切有分法皆如是，有因緣生。
They will suffer acute pain brought on by cold, and as their aggregates of form and so forth grow frigid they will begin to wish for the heat of hell. Based on this condition of grasping, the link of becoming will manifest, and that link of becoming will, in turn, give rise to birth.
彼惡業人不善業因：殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語、邪見，復有邪行，於彼淨行無欲染心淨戒相應善比丘尼，強逼行欲。
2. 826 “As for the karmic actions that cause this, a perpetrator of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, lying, and wrong view may wrongfully disgrace a nun who is free from anger, in possession of discipline, and desireless.
彼不善業作而復集，勢力堅[革*卬]，所得果報，有大火聚，其聚舉高五百由旬，其量寬廣二百由旬，焰燃熾盛，彼人所作惡業勢力，急擲其身墮彼火聚，如大山崖推在嶮岸，無有坎蹬挽摸之處。如是罪人直入大火，彼地獄中如是勢推惡業行人，入大地獄熾燃火中。
The ripening of such an accumulated act is severe and will propel one into a mass of flames that is five hundred leagues wide and two hundred leagues tall. As when an iron arrow is shot from the summit of a mountain, one will travel there directly, without any impediment, and be left to suffer in the furnace of hell.
以惡業故，有熱鐵鉤先鉤其足，令頭在下而入火中。彼惡業人，既如是入地獄熾火，先燒其眼，既燒眼已，次燒頭皮；燒頭皮已，次燒頭骨；燒頭骨已，次燒頰骨；燒頰骨已，次燒其齒；既燒齒已，次燒牙床；燒牙床已，次燒項骨；燒項骨已，次燒背骨；燒背骨已，次燒胸骨；燒胸骨已，次燒咽筒；燒咽筒已，次燒其心；既燒心已，次燒其肚；既燒肚已，次燒大腸；燒大腸已，次燒小腸；燒小膓已，次燒其髖；既燒髖已，次燒其根；既燒根已，次燒髀骨；燒髀骨已，次燒其踹；既燒踹已，次燒脚腕；燒脚腕已，次燒足指。
When one tries to escape there, the nails of one’s karmic actions will manifest and prevent one from leaving. One will be thrown into hell with one’s head down and feet up, and the fire will first burn away one’s eyes and facial skin, followed by the top of the skull, the forehead, the teeth, the jaw, the neck bone, the spine, the breast bone, the neck, the throat, [F.225.b] the liver, the spleen, the intestines, the crotch, the penis, the thighs, the kneecaps, the knees, and the toes.
如是如是，彼惡業人以惡業故，最初先入大火盆中，如是極燒一切身分，燒已復生，受苦不斷，如彼人中上上作業，如是如是上上受苦。
2. 827 “Thus, evildoers will be left in the flames of hell to live on and burn, experiencing continuous suffering. Again and again they engaged in negative actions, and, again and again, they now experience the torments of hell.
彼地獄人如是具受焰鬘火盆，如是極燒，然後墮在金剛火地，以怖畏故伸手努臂，既倒地已，即復建上，如毬著地，即上不停。如是速建，連上連下，伸手努臂吼喚號哭墮地復上，如是唱喚，大火焰鬘普覆身體，建在空中，常亦被燒，如前所燒入火焰中。如是無量百千年歲，彼大地獄大火盆中，燒已復燒，連燒不止，一切身分燒已復生，乃至時盡。
Propelled into the constantly burning furnace, they will be mashed against its vajra-like surface, just as when kadamba flowers are repeatedly thrashed against the ground. In this way, first the upper and then the lower parts of the screaming hell beings’ bodies will be demolished. As their bodies are tormented by the tongues of flame, burned repeatedly, they will keep returning into the flames. Thus, they will continue to burn, again and again, in the furnace for hundreds of thousands of years. Whenever the flames have consumed them, they will reappear, until finally their time is over.
若出火盆，以惡業故而復更見閻魔羅人，非是眾生，罪人見之謂是眾生，手中執持焰燃鐵鉗。彼鉗極熱，於彼火聚二倍更熱。
2. 828 “The henchmen of the Lord of Death, who are not considered sentient beings, will wrench some people out of the furnace with flaming tongs, which causes their pain to double.
以何因緣彼鉗極熱？以殺生故，火盆所燒；殺生、偷盜二惡業故，彼鉗極熱二倍更熱，以此因緣，彼焰鐵鉗二倍更熱。
What are the causes and conditions for the tongs turning twice as hot? Those who killed will burn in the furnace,and those who both killed and took what was not given will experience the doubling of their pain by being subjected to the tongs. Such are the causes, such are the conditions, such are the bases for the tongs to burn twice as hot.
閻魔羅人非是眾生，以如是鉗，鉗取罪人置熱鐵地，焰鐵鉤上提令使坐，焰燃鐵鉤從糞門入，背上而出或卵上出，廣說如前。彼既坐已三倍受苦，熱焰利鐵割其人根，并卵俱割。
2. 829 “When the henchmen, who are not considered as sentient beings, have hauled out the hell beings with their tongs, which causes the pain to double, they will deposit the hell beings upon the ground of burning iron. In the same way as before, they will impale them upon flaming stakes, from their anuses up through their torsos, [F.226.a] and then chop off their penises and testicles with sharp knives, thus tripling their torments.
何因何緣三倍受苦？所謂殺生、偷盜、邪行，以此因緣，三倍受苦。譬如鐵師、若其弟子鐵作之處以韛吹之，風滿皮韛，如是風吹彼火焰燃。
2. 830 “What are the causes, conditions, and bases for this? Killing, stealing, and sexual misconduct are the causes, conditions, and bases that triple the suffering. As when a blacksmith or his skilled apprentice takes the bellows and repeatedly blows them, these beings will continue to be burned by the consequences of their misdeeds.
如是如是，作惡業人以作惡業究竟滿故，名惡業人。作惡業人、惡業弟子，業業普遍故名為風，所謂業風；共婦女婬，名為鍛作爐中熱沸。謂地獄人唱聲叫喚，如是多吹、如是多然，多不善業如是多燒不善業人，受極苦惱。以此因緣，彼地獄中三倍受苦，殺、盜、邪行，樂行多作，彼果應知。
In this example the blacksmith is an image of the karmic misdeeds and their completion, whereas the apprentice illustrates the preparatory aspects of such karmic actions. The air that is blown indicates the wind of karmic action, and the stoking that results is an image of wrong view. The glowing embers indicate hell. The continuous stoking and burning shows how the utterly unbearable experience of pain will continue in accordance with the particular exceedingly unwholesome deeds one has performed. These are the causes and conditions. Understand that the knives that cause the tripling of the excruciating pain are the result of resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, and sexual misconduct.
閻魔羅人問彼地獄極大怖畏皺面唱喚不善業人、大火煮人作如是言：『汝何所患？汝何所苦？』彼受苦人即復報答閻魔羅人作如是言：『我今如是極受大苦。如是大苦猶尚可忍，渴苦叵耐。』
2. 831 “Blinded by fear, moaning in pain, and boiling in their ignoble karmic actions, the hell beings will now be asked by the henchmen, ‘Friends, what is hurting you?’ In reply they will cry out, ‘We suffer miserably, yet this excruciating pain that you wreak upon us is not all that tortures us. We’re suffering from thirst!’ [F.226.b]
閻魔羅人如是聞已，復有惡河名可畏波，彼河唯有極熱勇沸銅汁、鑞汁和合滿中，又復多有焰燃鐵塊，彼河岸嶮。若見彼河，極大怖畏；若聞其聲，極生恐怕。閻魔羅人以熱鐵鉢盛取熱銅熱白鑞汁，持向罪人而語之言：『汝可飲之。』
2. 832 “When the henchmen of the Lord of Death hear these words, they will take the hell beings to a river, known as Fearsome Waves, that runs its destructive course with a mixture of boiling copper and lead. When the hell beings hear and see that river, they will be shocked and horrified, yet the henchmen will now fetch them iron buckets containing molten copper mixed with lead and say, ‘Friends, drink!’
彼人渴故，兩手執取謂之是水，取已而飲。彼地獄人以惡業故，先燒其脣，既燒脣已，次燒其舌乃至咽筒皆悉被燒，次第乃至燒身遍已，從下而出。如是罪人四倍焰然，四倍受苦。
Tormented by thirst, the hell beings will risk drinking, and thus, obscured by karmic action, they will take up the buckets with both hands so as to quench their thirst. Yet, as they attempt to drink, everything from their lips, tongues, and throats, down through their bodies, will be scorched and burned, thus quadrupling their pain.
何業果報？所謂殺生、偷盜、邪行及以飲酒。戒人自飲，復與戒人、出家比丘，此業果報於地獄中，熱渴須水，而飲熱沸赤焰銅汁。
2. 833 “What are the karmic factors that in this way make their tortures intensify fourfold? They are killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, consumption of alcohol after one has taken vows, and offering alcohol to a nun who has gone forth from the household and taken vows. These are the acts that drive the beings of hell to drink from the vessel with red-hot, boiling copper.
如是比丘、持戒之人於眾僧中不知是酒，謂是淨飲，而實是酒。酒者是毒，手既執已，不能棄捨，畏眾僧故而自飲之。此業果報，於地獄中赤焰銅汁不能捨棄，渴急而飲，此是酒果。所謂沙門在檀越家，惜檀越意，不能棄却而便飲之，此業果報。
2. 834 “Likewise, if a monk endowed with discipline should think that alcohol may be appropriate, and thus drink it, it will be like consuming halāhala poison. Such a weak-minded monk, who is unable to pour out the alcohol onto the ground where his sponsors and benefactors live, and who thus drinks while fearing the saṅgha, will in consequence of his actions be unable to pour out any of the liquid copper in hell. [B13]
閻魔羅人又復更問地獄人曰：『汝何所患？』彼地獄人即復答言：『我今患飢。我之所受如是苦中，飢苦為勝。』
2. 835 “Again, the henchmen of the Lord of Death will ask the beings of this hell, ‘O friends, what is torturing you?’ “ ‘Hunger is our all-consuming suffering,’ they will reply. ‘It overshadows everything else, and we live in terrible starvation.’ [F.227.a]
如是答已，閻魔羅人於可畏波熱焰河中取鐵揣來，五倍焰燃，語罪人曰：『此則是食。』彼地獄人惡業癡故，起如是意：『今食已至。』即取食之，先燒其脣如前廣說，次第乃至從下而出，惡業力故而常不死，作集業故，舌還更生，更生柔軟過蓮華葉，身復更生，更生軟嫰，惡業果報。
2. 836 “The henchmen will then fetch lumps of metal, five times as hot as usual, from Fearsome Waves. The hell beings, whose intellects are obscured by their karmic actions, will believe that this metal is food. But when they eat it, they will, as before, be burned all the way down to the lower parts of their bodies. Yet they will not die. Instead, by the power of their negative acts their tongues will reemerge, soft and delicate like lotus petals, and the rest of their bodies will reappear too. Such are the effects of their karmic actions.
彼比丘如是觀察，何業果報，新生更軟？彼見聞知：如來如燈，如是說言：若人殺生偷、盜、邪行、飲酒、與酒，復有妄語，彼業果報。若人犯戒，若貝聲行言：我持戒。如是比丘如是心意，食眾僧食，得如是果。
2. 837 “As the monk employs knowledge derived from hearing, he becomes like a lamp of the thus-gone ones, and so he understands that this is the effect of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, and lying. He understands that this is the effect of partaking of the alms given by the country, thinking that one is endowed with discipline, while in fact one’s discipline is corrupted and resembles a heap of dung.
閻魔羅人又復更問地獄人曰：『汝燒舌耶？』彼地獄人、惡業癡人，出舌示之。彼舌極軟如蓮華葉，廣半由旬，妄語業故。閻魔羅人犁耕其舌，無量百倒傷壞破裂，發聲呻喚，妄語業故。如是無量百千億歲，出於算數，時節久遠受大苦惱，是彼作集惡業果報，如是受已，而於地獄未得解脫。
2. 838 “When the henchmen see the burned tongues of these hell beings who are obscured by karmic actions, they will pull them out of their mouths. As an effect of having lied, these new tongues, soft like lotus petals, will be so long that they cover the distance of half a league. Taking hold of them, the henchmen will then use hundreds of plows to slice into the tongues of those who engaged in misdeeds and spoke wrongly. As the hell beings scream and cry, their tongues will be cleaved by the plows of the henchmen. This torture will continue for innumerable billions of years, for the hell beings will not be able to escape the ripening effects of their completed and accumulated actions.
閻魔羅人復為說偈呵責之言：
All the while, the henchmen will instruct them with the following verses:
如汝護惜命，他心亦如是，汝如是殺生，作惡業故來。cf. Dhs.16.72-78
2. 839 “ ‘Just as you hold your own life dear, So you should also care for the lives of others. Doers of evil, Why did you kill?
世人寧捨命，而聚集財物，何故取他物，以為己所有？
2. 840 “ ‘People will risk their lives When in pursuit of wealth. [F.227.b] Craving for the wealth of others, Why did you deprive them of it?
一切人愛妻，勝於愛自身，汝癡欲染人，何故強侵逼？
2. 841 “ ‘People hold their spouses to be dearest of all, And they even sacrifice their own lives for them. Lustful and desirous, Why did you violently take them away?
若人飲酒者，於佛所癡生，法中第一過，汝何故飲酒？
2. 842 “ ‘Alcohol makes people stupid And is the ultimate destroyer of qualities. You drinkers of evil, Why did you not give up alcohol?
舌中出惡毒，一切人不信，汝妄語惡人，何故不捨離？
2. 843 “ ‘Lies come from the tongue and are like poison, Causing mistrust in everyone. Why did you not give up The evil that is lying?
如是五種惡，汝心所憙樂，今者應忍受，徒生此憂惱。
2. 844 “ ‘These five unwholesome actions You pursued with passion. So enjoy them now, do not cry! Why moan for no reason?
惡業法如毒，汝如是不捨，故到此地獄，焰鬘大畏處。
2. 845 “ ‘You did not relinquish The poison of negative acts. Hence, you have now attained the upheavals Of the garlands of flames in hell.’
閻魔羅人如是呵責地獄罪人，既呵責已，自所作業，彼業如印，常受大苦晝夜不息，種種堅鞕有無量種。如無量種不善業行，如是無量種種受苦，如因相似，得相似果。如是苦果似種子故。
2. 846 “Thus, as explained by the Lord of Death’s henchmen, all these tortures are like the imprint of the seal of one’s own karmic actions, and when one is beaten and slain, the suffering that one endures corresponds only to the unwholesome deeds one previously performed. The effects manifest in accordance with their particular causal seeds.
在大焦熱大地獄中滿足惡業。不善業人受苦果報；善滿足者，樂果滿足。彼惡業人如是受苦，如是無量百千年歲，如是惡業如怨無異，大不饒益。如是燒煮彼地獄人。
And so, in the great Hell of Intense Heat, one must endure tremendous unwholesomeness produced by unwholesome action. For many hundreds of thousands of years, one’s negative acts will remain one’s merciless enemy, making one boil in hell.
如是罪人若脫彼處，望救望歸走向異處，遠見樹林極大黑闇，如是闇處多有大狗，彼狗名為張口大力。如是狗者，能急疾走，口是金剛，彼狗吼聲甚可怖畏。如是張口大力狗者，於彼林中處處遍有。
2. 847 “If at some point the hell beings succeed in escaping, they will run, yearning for safety, refuge, and protection. Yet, from afar a horde of frenzied, barking dogs with gaping mouths and diamond-sharp teeth will come bounding. The dogs will encircle the hell beings and seize them when they try to escape.
彼地獄人見彼林已，疾走往入，彼諸惡狗，一切皆來逐彼罪人，先齧其卵、肉皮筋根、脈及脈穴、骨及骨節，一切身分皆悉遍食，如芥子許遺餘不盡，後復更生，長久遠時惡狗所食。
Once the dogs have latched onto them, they will devour the hell beings completely, wolfing down every bit of sinew, [F.228.a] organ, and bone until not so much as a sesame seed’s worth remains of all their major and minor body parts. The hell beings will then be revived, however, and thus continue to be devoured by the curs for a long time.
此何業果？謂殺生業。為食肉故而殺眾生，得如是果。
What type of action may cause this? Killing and slaughtering beings to eat their flesh.
