1.No. 721正法念處經，元魏婆羅門瞿曇般若流支譯
2.藏譯英The Application of Mindfulness of the Sacred Dharma, Saddharma smṛtyupasthāna https://read.84000.co/translation/toh287.html.
地獄品之九
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名雨縷鬘抖擻之處，是彼地獄第十一處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語、邪見，樂行多作，業及果報如前所說。
2. 925 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Intense Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Minced up by Raining Loops of Wire. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, lying, and wrong view.
復有邪婬，所謂：侵近善比丘尼，或時荒亂，國土不安，於比丘尼正行持戒而是童女，因時不安，強逼侵犯，污其淨行。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄生雨縷鬘抖擻之處，受大苦惱。
Also, if in an arrogant abuse of power, or during an invasion, one violently defiles a nun who is free from the afflictions, one will, upon separating from one’s body, fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell of Minced up by Raining Loops of Wire.
所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。復有勝者，謂：於彼處，復有無量金剛利刀以為刀網，處處遍覆，隨所迴轉，身動則割，遍體普割，如是刀網金剛刃縷羂縛罪人，如此間蠅在毛綿中，彼處罪人在彼網中生而復死，死而復生。
2. 926 “The beings in that realm experience the combined tortures of the Reviving Hell, and so forth. On top of that, and in particular, the beings of this hell are kept in tight nets made of strings that are as hard as vajra and that thus, upon touch, will cut any major or minor body part to pieces. Like silkworms in their cocoons, the beings in this hell are kept in their nets. [F.240.b]
閻魔羅人以焰鐵箭射其身分，一切普遍。如是罪人，金剛網縛、焰箭所射，受極堅鞕第一苦惱，唱聲呻喚悲號啼哭。
In these nets, they live and die, again and again, as the Lord of Death’s henchmen shoot arrows at all their major and minor body parts. Thus, confined in the vajra-sharp nets while being struck by arrows, these beings are subjected to fierce and excruciating torture. In their agony, they scream, wail, and moan.
受大苦惱，普身破壞，一切堅縛。若彼罪人得脫彼處，惡業因緣所受苦極，處處馳走，復入熾燃普火炭聚，身體消洋，燒身唱喚。
2. 927 “Having thus suffered endless pain, bound and confined, a karmic condition might enable these hell beings to escape. But as the hell being staggers off as best he can, he will fall into a ditch of embers. As he sinks into it and gets burned, he will wail and cry out in pain.
孤獨無伴。遠見大門，門有光明，疾走往赴。既到彼已，復有大蟒，毒乃甚熾，入其口中，彼地獄人於彼內燒，不能唱喚。
2. 928 “All alone and without company, he will then in the distance a great gate, illuminated all around, and rush toward it. Yet, when he enters it, the gate will turn out to be a giant snake of terrifying strength and powerful venom. The snake will consume the hell being, who will now burn within its body without even being able to scream.
如是業蟒，如彼惡業如是迴轉，彼地獄人一切身分碎散如沙，不能唱喚，一切筋脈皆悉碎壞，如是無量百千萬億阿僧祇歲，在蟒腹中燒捩破壞。
2. 929 “If at some point the snake should vomit up the hell being, he will emerge with an extremely filthy body from which loose veins and muscles dangle.
如是罪人若出蟒口，一切身中筋脈皆緩，處處馳走，而復更見閻魔羅人來取其身，以利鐵刀一切身分遍切遍割，如膾鱯魚。如是無量百千年歲亦不可數，常一切時受大苦惱，乃至作集惡不善業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
He will then try to rush off as best he can. But he will see the henchmen of the Lord of Death coming toward him, and will be seized by them. As when a crocodile kills a small child, the henchmen will completely ravage all his major and minor body parts with sharp weapons. Until his unwholesome actions have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, [F.241.a] he will thus continue to suffer for innumerable billions of years.
雖得脫已，於五百世生於餓鬼、畜生之中。彼處脫已，難得人身，如龜遇孔。若生人中同業之處，貧窮常病，身體色惡，身體常有惡瘡毒瘡，恒受苦惱。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 930 “When one finally escapes this hell, one will, as an effect that accords with one’s causal deeds, be born five hundred times as a starving spirit or an animal. If, with the likelihood of a sea turtle poking its head through a yoke floating on the ocean, one should be born with the general lot in life of a human, one will in that case be poor, sickly, and ugly. One will be miserable due to always hearing unpleasant things and one’s entire body will be afflicted by poison.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大焦熱之大地獄。復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名髮愧烏，是彼地獄第十二處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語、邪見，樂行多作，業及果報如前所說。
2. 931 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Intense Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Crested Ravens. 117 Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, lying, and wrong view.
復有邪婬：或因酒醉、或復欲盛，婬姊、婬妹。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄髮愧烏處受大苦惱。
Also, anyone who indulges improperly with his sister when she is intoxicated by alcohol will, upon separating from his body, fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell of Crested Ravens.
所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。復有勝者，所謂：墮在熱焰銅爐，身則消洋，還復和合，而更消洋於彼爐中，生已復死，死已復生，常受大苦。
2. 932 “The beings in that realm experience the combined tortures of the great Reviving Hell, and so forth. On top of that, and in particular, they will enter copper furnaces and melt within them. Then they will revive, only to melt there once again. Thus, having entered the furnaces, they will keep reviving and dying, dying and reviving.
如是爐中，閻魔羅人兩韛吹之，爐火、罪人不可分別，如是無量百千年歲爐中煮之，如此人中煮金無異，如是如是彼地獄中如是燒煮。
Henchmen of the Lord of Death will apply two bellows, stoking so forcefully that the coal, the furnaces, [F.241.b] and the bodies of the hell beings all vanish. As when gold is melted in fire, these beings will thus continue to boil within the furnaces for many hundreds of thousands of years, experiencing continuously the consequences of their misdeeds.
惡業行人若得脫彼爐中惡業出彼銅爐，閻魔羅人置鐵鈧上鐵椎打之，如鍛鐵師椎打鐵塊，如是打時，打則命終，舉椎還活。彼地獄人於一切時，常被燒煮年歲無數。
2. 933 “When at some point their karmic actions are exhausted, they will fall to the bottom of the furnaces. From there they will be plucked out by the henchmen, who will proceed to beat them in the same way that a blacksmith hammers a piece of iron into shape. The blows from the henchmen will kill them, but they will then be revived and receive more of the same. Thus, they will be tortured for innumerable billions of years.
若脫彼處，閻魔羅人置之鼓中，既置鼓中，以惡業故，鼓出畏聲，聞則心破，散已更生，生已復散，彼人如是死已復活，活已復死。乃至作集惡不善業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
2. 934 “If by some odd chance they should escape from there, henchmen of the Lord of Death will next place them inside a large drum. The thunderous sounds of the drum will make their hearts burst, but they will then be revived, only to die once more in shock. This constant process of reviving and dying will continue until finally their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted.
雖脫彼處，於六百世生畜生中。若生人中同業之處，心常驚恐，如野鹿等心驚不安，常畏官人橫抂繫縛，壽命極短，心初不安。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 935 “When they finally escape this hell, they will, as an effect that accords with their causal deeds, be born six hundred times as animals. If by some odd chance they should be born as humans, they will be constantly fearful and confused, as if they had the mind of a deer. They will suffer harm at the royal court, others will yell at them, and they will end their lives in chains, without ever having known any peace of mind.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名悲苦吼，是彼地獄第十三處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見聞知：若人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語及邪見等，樂行多作，業及果報如前所說。
2. 936 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Intense Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Heartbreaking Cries. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, [F.242.a] he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, lying, and wrong view.
復有邪婬，所謂：有人於女姊妹，在齋會中見惡邪法，而共行欲。從婆羅門聞是邪法：『女若憶男，而男不取，則得大罪。』彼婆羅門作如是計：『若不爾者，破法得罪。』如是邪聞惡法所誑，而行邪行。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄悲苦吼處受大苦惱。
Also, some people engage in unwholesome worship based on wrong view and wrong perception. Thus, a man might defile his young sister, deceiving her by saying that, according to the Brahmin tradition, he who does not marry a young girl who feels desire commits a sin comparable to killing a human. Fooling her through such foul advice, he may then indulge inappropriately with her. Upon separating from his body, such a person will fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell of Heartbreaking Cries.
所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。復有勝者，所謂：彼處閻魔羅人，熱焰鐵杵極勢搗築，遍身破壞，體無完處如米豆許，遍身是瘡，彼人身分一切是瘡，普受熱苦，孤獨無伴，受堅鞕苦，年歲久遠，無有算數。
2. 937 “The beings in that realm experience the combined tortures of the Reviving Hell, and so forth. On top of that, and in particular, henchmen of the Lord of Death will shoot burning projectiles and missiles at these beings. This will cause their bodies to crumble and deteriorate as if they were the leaves of a pulāsa tree. All of their major and minor body parts will crumble under the viciously excruciating pain, and so they will suffer intensely, alone and without guardian or companion, for innumerable years.
若業因盡，得脫如是熱焰鐵杵，處處馳走，復入鐵地。其鐵焰燃，入已則墮，受大苦惱，唱聲吼喚。復見大林相去不遠，色如青雲、普林寂靜、饒鳥音聲，去其不遠有大池水清淨可愛。
2. 938 “Finally, due to the condition of their karmic actions becoming exhausted, they will escape the perils of the missiles and swords, but will then come to an iron ground filled with burning embers into which they will sink. When thus suffering miserably and crying out in pain, they will perceive a forest nearby that looks cool like a rain cloud. Birds with beautiful voices are flying around the forest, and close by is a great lake with clear water.
彼地獄人起如是意：『彼是第一寂靜樹林、清淨池水，我於彼處應得安樂。』望救望歸走向樹林，焰火集聚、熱焰鐵地，罪人在中，見彼樹林相去不遠，多有眾鳥，彼地獄人馳走向林望有安樂、望救望歸。
Seeing all this the hell beings will think, ‘Ah, there is a dark forest and a clear lake. [F.242.b] I shall find relief there!’ Longing for safety, refuge, and protection, they will proceed to stagger through the bed of burning embers as fast as they can. As they draw closer and see the birds that circle around the forest, their yearning for relief and protection intensifies, and so they will lunge ahead.
彼人如是極受大苦乃到樹林，一切所見與本見異，一切皆惡極大怖畏，所謂彼處大口惡龍，龍有千頭其眼焰燃，惡毒甚熾，皆是向者所見之樹；向者所聞眾鳥聲音，今則皆是地獄罪人遍身焰燃唱喚之聲；向者遠聞謂是眾鳥，如是惡龍取地獄人而噉食之，與種種苦。
Yet, when under great hardship they finally manage to arrive at the forest, it will suddenly take on a different appearance. Now what they see is a vicious,terrifying, giant snake with a thousand heads. The snake’s eyes are aflame and its faces utterly horrifying. The birds that they saw before now appear to be masses of burning hell beings. Immediately, the snake will snatch up the hell beings and devour them.
如是罪人受大苦惱，唱聲大喚。彼龍焰口如是食已，於龍口中而復還活，自業所作，在龍口中死而復活，活而復死，如是常食，年歲甚多無有算數，食已復生，食已復生。
As they wail and suffer, the snake will clench them in its flaming mouths and eat them. For a long time —innumerable years —one will thus continue to be devoured by this great snake that is produced by karmic action.
若於口中業盡得脫，熱渴甚急，復見池水在於異處，疾走而往。彼處池水，闇火遍覆滿彼池中，地獄熾火深一由旬，彼地獄人到已入中，入則沈沒受極苦惱，自業相似，餘業非喻，所受苦惱無異相似。乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
2. 939 “If their karmic actions become exhausted and they thus manage to escape the snake, the hell beings will run toward the lake, tormented by thirst. Yet the lake will now be enveloped in black smoke within which rage the fires of hell. This pit is one league deep, and the hell beings sink into it. Submerged and caught inside it, they experience unbearable pain. Yet, until their karmic actions have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, they will, in accordance with their causal actions, continue to experience suffering that is unlike anything else.
雖脫彼處，於七百世生於餓鬼、畜生之中。若脫彼處，難得人身，如龜遇孔。若生人中同業之處，貧窮多病，為他所使，在巷乞求，身形矬短。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 940 “When one finally escapes this hell, one will, as an effect that accords with one’s causal actions, be born seven hundred times as a starving spirit or an animal. If, with the likelihood of sea turtle poking its head through a yoke floating on the ocean, one should be born with the general lot in life of a human, one will be poor and [F.243.a] sickly, enslaved by others, living at intersections and along the highways, and born as a midget.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名大悲處，是彼地獄第十四處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見聞知：若人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語及邪見等，樂行多作，業及果報如前所說。
2. 941 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Intense Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as One That Arouses Great Pity. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, lying, and wrong view.
復有善人，從他人邊讀誦經論，或復從其聞有經論，彼人多欲婬其妻妾，教師等婦而實貞良，誘誑行婬，常向人說：『彼是我母。』以教師婦，母相似故，癡心違信，如是行欲。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄生大悲處受大苦惱。
Also, some people, out of desire, defile the faultless spouse of their teacher who explains to them the words of the true path. Trying to convince the people of the world of their innocence, they declare, ‘This lady is like a teacher and mother to me, and I am like her son!’ Upon separating from their bodies, such people will fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell known as One That Arouses Great Pity.
所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。復有勝者，所謂：彼處有熱鐵床，床有利刀狀如磨齒，罪人在中恒常急磨，一切身分皮肉筋脈、骨髓血汁皆悉和合。
2. 942 “The beings in that realm experience the combined tortures of the Reviving Hell, and so forth. On top of that, and in particular, they will be exposed to various sharp weapons with jagged edges that will slice into them, again and again, both from above and below. Thus, all their flesh, sinew, skin, lymph, bones, and marrow will gradually be minced.
既如是磨，悲號啼哭，餘地獄人既聞其聲，生大苦惱，於自身苦不復覺知。
As this happens, the beings will cry out in the most pitiful and heart-wrenching way. Even the beings in other hells will hear their miserable cries and thus suffer unbearably. As they hear these terribly dismal voices, they will experience all the same suffering.
雖如是磨而常不死，如是無量百千年歲磨而常活，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
2. 943 “Although the beings of this hell keep being cut, they do not die. [F.243.b] Thus, their tortures of being repeatedly crushed and revived will continue for many hundreds of thousands of years until finally their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted.
於六千世生於餓鬼、畜生之中。若脫彼處，難得人身，如龜遇孔。若生人中同業之處，或胎中死、或生已死，或有生已未坐而死，或有生已未行而死，或有生已能行而死，或有行走而便死者；隨其所生，諸根不具。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
When in the end they escape this hell, they will, as an effect that accords with their causal actions, be born six thousand times as hell beings, starving spirits, and animals. If, with the likelihood of a sea turtle poking its head through a yoke floating on the ocean, they later should be born with the general lot in life of a human, they will either die in the womb, at birth, while still only being able to lie down, upon being able to crawl, or when just having learned to walk. They will also suffer from severe defects in their faculties.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名無非闇，是彼地獄第十五處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見聞知：若人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語、邪見，樂行多作，業及果報如前所說。
2. 944 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Intense Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Land of No Mercy. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, lying, and wrong view.
又復有人婬自子妻，彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄無非闇處受大苦惱。
Also, those who indulge inappropriately with their daughters- in-law will, upon separating from their bodies, fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell known as Land of No Mercy.
所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。復有勝者：彼處鐵地焰燃熱沸，閻魔羅人執地獄人，在彼熱地上下翻覆，令彼罪人迭互在上、迭互在下百到千到，和集同煮合為一塊，不容毛頭，彼此如是合為一塊。
2. 945 “The beings in that realm experience the combined tortures of the Reviving Hell, and so forth. On top of that, and in particular, the henchmen of the Lord of Death will pile them up in a huge heap, one upon the other. Upon a ground of flaming copper they will be stacked by the hundreds and thousands, so that not even the tip of a hair could fit between the bodies, and thus they will burn. [F.244.a]
閻魔羅人以杵搗築，復作異塊，密於前塊，如是細搗，細密和合不可分別。如是無量百千年歲受堅鞕苦，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
The torture of being heaped up in this way is intense, and the henchmen of the Lord of Death will tie them together with tight ropes so that no gap is left whatsoever. They will then take up hammers and subject them to their blows. Thus, these beings will continue to experience fierce, vicious, excruciating pain for many hundreds of thousands of years until finally their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted.
雖脫彼處，於九百世生於餓鬼、畜生之中。若脫彼處，難得人身，如龜遇孔。若生人中同業之處，貧窮常疾，常為怨對之所破壞，生惡國土、海中夷人，一切人中最為鄙劣又不長命。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 946 “When one finally escapes this hell, one will, as an effect that accords with one’s causal actions, be born nine hundred times as a starving spirit or an animal. Once free of such existences, one may, with the likelihood of a sea turtle poking its head through a yoke floating on the ocean, be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet in that case one will be poor, sickly, and killed by competitors. One’s place of birth will be unwholesome, as one is born among the barbarians that inhabit the shores. Even among them one will be the lowliest and one’s life will be short.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大焦熱之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名木轉處，是彼地獄第十六處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見聞知：若人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒、妄語及邪見等，樂行多作，業及果報如前所說。
2. 947 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Intense Heat, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring realm known as Like Stacks of Dry Wood. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, lying, and wrong view.
又復有人，他救其命，有於病等臨欲命盡為他所救，或被殺者為他所救，彼則有恩而不識恩，反婬其妻。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄生木轉處受大苦惱。
Also, a man might steal the honorable wife of another person who previously gave him the gift of freedom from fear. The person who thus takes hold of another’s wife, without any regard for the fact that this man previously released him as he was being led to the scaffold, will upon separating from his body fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell known as Like Stacks of Dry Wood.
所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。復有勝者：彼處有河名大叫喚，在彼河中熱白鑞汁，燒煮漂流無量百千。地獄罪人在彼河中如是漂煮，彼地獄人同在其中為河所漂，以急漂故，頭在下入，入中則沈，與餘罪人翻覆相壓，不可分別。
2. 948 “The beings in that realm experience the combined tortures of the Reviving Hell, and so forth. [F.244.b] On top of that, and in particular, they will enter the river known as Great Sound together with many hundreds of thousands of other beings. Thus, as all of these beings enter the river, they will be swept away en masse by its great force. As some beings sink into the river, many more hell beings keep entering it, and thus the hell beings all flow along, one on top of the other, without even a gap the size a hair tip between their bodies.
如是上下地獄以壓罪人在下，熱沸白鑞燒煮唱喚，受無間苦。彼地獄人如是受苦，以惡業故，而復更有魔竭大魚食其身分，食已復生。
While maimed in this way by layers and layers of the bodies on top of them, these beings will at the same time be lethally burned and boiled by currents of boiling lead below them. Wailing in constant pain and misery, they will also be surrounded by crocodiles produced by karmic action. The crocodiles will then eat all their major and minor body parts, but the beings will revive.
彼木轉處受大苦惱，如是受苦，時節久遠，自惡業故如是受苦。乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
2. 949 “This experience of suffering in Like Stacks of Dry Wood will continue until the relevant unwholesome actions have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted. Thus, these beings will long continue to undergo excruciating sensations that are the products of their own actions.
雖脫彼處，於五百世生於餓鬼、畜生之中。既得脫已，若生人中同業之處，一切女人之所憎賤，於自父母兄弟、妻子悉皆嫌惡，五百世中不能行欲。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 950 “When one finally escapes this hell, one will, as an effect that accords with one’s causal actions, be born five hundred times as a starving spirit or an animal. Once free from that, if one should be born with the general lot in life of a human, one will not be desired by any women, as they will all consider one to be like a son, a father, or a brother. In five hundred lives one will also be born without male sex organs.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大焦熱之大地獄唯有如是十六別處，更不見有第十七處，普觀一切唯十六處，此大極惡極大焦熱極大地獄如是無邊。
2. 951 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the great Hell of Intense Heat, he will not perceive any seventeenth realm. Thus, he will conclude, ‘Sixteen neighboring hells surround the great Hell of Intense Heat. [F.245.a]
此自業果，地獄中受，燒煮罪人受大苦惱，如業相似，非異人作異人受苦，自作不失，不作不得。如自作業，相似得果，自作業生。眾生如是，如業所作，自業所得若善、不善，如業得果。
Those are the realms of the unbearable, great Hell of Intense Heat. They stretch from here to there. They are places where people burn and boil, experiencing the effects of their own actions. What is experienced there is not anyone else’s doing; it unfolds in accordance with in one’s own karmic actions. One’s own acts will not be wasted, and one will not contend with anything done by another. What one did is never wasted, and so one will have to experience the results that conform with one’s own acts. In realms they themselves have created, beings partake of their own actions, and so they experience their individual share of wholesome or unwholesome action.’
彼比丘如是思惟地獄果報、地獄行業，既思惟已，厭離生死，不見有樂、不見有常、不見有我、不見有淨，如是唯見一切生死皆悉無常、苦、空、無我。
[The Eleventh Ground]
2. 952 “As the monk thus contemplates hell beings and the actions associated with hell, he will see that craving brings no happiness whatsoever, because phenomena do not last, do not endure, and are devoid of self. He will see that the whole of cyclic existence is impermanent, painful, empty, and devoid of self.
如是見已，離一切欲，離於欲結、離於欲行、離於欲意、離於欲因，見欲過惡，轉復增上更生怖畏。如是正攝身、口、意行，三業勝行，魔不得便，不繫屬魔。彼如是修，緩於生死，惡相續鎖破壞離散。
As he sees this, he becomes free from desire and its bonds, free from the pursuits of desire, free from the thoughts of desire, and free from craving for the bases of desire. Hence, he also becomes extremely afraid of the flaws of desire. In this way, he becomes very guarded about the vicissitudes of his body, speech, and mind, so that the māras and their retinues can find no way to penetrate. As he becomes habituated to this, the continuum of his numerous lives in cyclic existence begins to fall apart and is diminished. It is relinquished and loosened.
又修行者內心思惟——隨順正法觀察法行——作如是意：『彼比丘甚為希有，有增上力，得十一地。』
2. 953 “Thus, the monk, the spiritual practitioner who carefully observes inner phenomena, will think to himself, ‘Ah, this monk, with his unceasing perseverance, has now entered the eleventh ground.’ [F.245.b]
彼地夜叉見彼比丘不惓精進，有增上力，心生歡喜，轉復上聞虛空夜叉，虛空夜叉聞四大王，如前所說，次第乃至向大梵天，如是說言：『閻浮提中某國某村某善男子，如是種姓名字某甲，剃除鬚髮被服法衣，正信出家，心不樂住魔之境界，不樂喜欲愛心共住，於煩惱蛇不生喜樂、見他苦惱，則於世間一切生死深生厭離。』
2. 954 “The terrestrial yakṣas, pleased with his unceasing perseverance, will inform the celestial yakṣas, and the celestial yakṣas will bring the news to the Four Great Kings. The latter will then inform the gods in the Brahmā Realm, telling them, ‘In Jambudvīpa, the noble son, who is of such and such a village and town, and who goes by such and such a name, has shaved off his hair and beard, donned the saffron-colored robes, and with faith gone forth from the household to become a homeless mendicant. He has no interest in the field of the māras’ domain, and he does not dwell on anything associated with the craving that accompanies desirous excitement. He doesnot delight in any of the snake-like afflictions, and, having seen the afflictions of others, he has become disenchanted with the whole of cyclic existence.’
彼梵身天聞已歡喜，說如是言：『魔分損減，正法朋長。』
2. 955 “As the gods in the Brahmā Realm hear this they will rejoice and proclaim, ‘The forces of the māras are waning; the forces of the sacred Dharma are on the rise!’
彼修行者以天眼觀見彼比丘，如是已得第十一地，見於正道，如是諦見知業報法，諦見身業、口業、意業。諸比丘！如是三種微細身業、口業、意業分分細知。若天世間、若魔世間、若梵世間、若沙門界、婆羅門界，如是天人不能如是分分細知。
2. 956 “The spiritual practitioner has thus entered the eleventh ground, he has obtained the divine eye and is able to see the true path. He has knowledge of the ripening of karmic phenomena and sees the real nature of the misdeeds of body, speech, and mind. And so, o monks, he will think, ‘Upon very detailed investigation of the misdeeds of body, speech, and mind, I realize that no one in the world of gods, māras, brahmās, mendicants, brahmins, and ordinary people —no god or human —has the capacity for such analysis.
何況外道遮羅迦波利婆闍迦而能得知？唯我能知，及我弟子若從我聞能如是知，微細三業分細分細如是皆知。
It goes without saying, then, that no wandering non-Buddhist will have such an ability. That is impossible and does not happen.’ Thus, he will think that such knowledge only belongs to my students and to those who have heard from me. [F.246.a] Indeed, analyzing the finer details of the three misdeeds is an extremely subtle practice.
汝等比丘，若有餘人、若彼外道遮羅迦波利婆闍迦如是問者，汝如是答；若如是問彼諸外道遮羅迦波利婆闍迦，心則迷沒，不能答汝。何以故？諸比丘！一切生死所攝眾生，非其所行、非境界故。
2. 957 “Monks, this is the reply that you should give to wandering non- Buddhists. Wandering non-Buddhists will become extremely confused by such a reply. Why? Because, monks, it is not within the scope of sentient beings in cyclic existence.
彼人麁知，不能正知，忽知、垢知、微劣少知彼三種業身、口、意業。彼人所說，為他破壞，不能斷絕生老病死、憂悲啼哭一切苦惱，不證聖法、不到涅槃，非究竟道、非寂靜法、非安樂法、非生天道，彼人思惟三種業道身、口、意業，唯有慢心。
2. 958 “Their misdeeds of body, speech, and mind are the general rule, because they are mired in flaws, stains, and neglect. They do not cut through birth, aging, sickness, death, suffering, lamentation, pain, and unhappiness. They do not actualize the qualities of the noble ones. They do not reach to the transcendence of suffering. They do not permanently exhaust existence. They do not attain peace, happiness, and birth among the gods, because they are involved with misdeeds of body, speech, and mind.
諸比丘！彼外道遮羅迦波利婆闍迦，自意歡喜，心不思惟諸過功德，彼人如是此三種業身業、口業、意業大惡。彼人於我無少相似，譬如涅槃之與生死，乃至無有少分相似；理相玄遠，彼知三業，我知三業，無少相似。
2. 959 “Monks, wandering non-Buddhists simply become infatuated and arrogant due to their bodies, and so they fail to discern between flaws and good qualities. Thus, their misdeeds of body, speech, and mind are severe. They and I are not the least bit similar, just as, for example, cyclic existence and the transcendence of suffering are not the least bit similar. Therefore, their three types of misdeeds are unlike those that I declare.
諸比丘！汝等應知彼外道問，唯有言語，佛有正道寂滅涅槃，一切生死無常敗壞皆苦無樂。諸比丘！應如是知：無有物常、無物不動、無物不變、無物不異。
Monks, you should reply like this: ‘The attacks of opponents have no substance; my path is bliss. The transcendence of suffering is peace; [F.246.b] all conditioned things vacillate. There is no happiness in cyclic existence —remember this about all that is permanent, stable, enduring, and unchanging.’
諸比丘！彼修行者見彼比丘，如是身業、口業、意業種種諦見，趣涅槃城。又復觀察：云何彼比丘得十二地？
· · The Hell of Ultimate Torment · ·[The Twelfth Ground]
2. 960 “Monks, that monk is great who has now seen the reality of the misdeeds of body, speech, and mind. That monk, who is a spiritual practitioner, who has seen the reality of the city of liberation, will at this point continue his contemplation, wondering how he might progress onto the twelfth ground.
彼修行者如是觀察，見彼比丘不惓精進，復更諦觀惡業因果七大地獄并及別處，如業報法，諦觀察已，彼見聞知：又復更有最大地獄，名曰阿鼻。七大地獄并及別處以為一分，阿鼻地獄一千倍勝。
Without any decrease in his diligence, he will once more concern himself with the reality of the causes and effects of unwholesome actions, and so he will, beyond the spheres of the seven great hells, perceive the great hell of Ultimate Torment, which is one thousand times more severe than the others.
眾生何業生彼地獄？彼見聞知：若人重心殺母、殺父，復有惡心出佛身血、破和合僧、殺阿羅漢。彼人以是惡業因緣，則生阿鼻大地獄中，經一劫住。
2. 961 “Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing. Thus, he will see that such a birth is caused by intentionally killing one’s own mother or father. That karmic action remains for an entire eon.
若減劫住，業既平等而減劫住，以劫中間造作惡業墮阿鼻故，彼人減劫，阿鼻燒煮。何以故？時節已過，不可令迴，是故於彼減劫燒煮，苦惱堅鞕。
That is to say, when someone carries out such a negative act that remains for an entire eon, that act leads to the hell of Ultimate Torment, where the ripening will continue for an entire eon. In that hell, the tortures never cease, and so, once the act has been performed, it will continue to ripen for the remainder of the eon. Thus, in conformity with the special character of the act, the harm one experiences will be particularly dreadful and severe.
以多惡業少時受故。如是造作阿鼻之業，有悲堅心、軟中心作，受苦不重。如人造作一阿鼻業，若重心作，彼受勝苦。一切作業及業果報，一切皆是心心數法，皆心自在、皆心和合、心隨順行，復有六結繫縛眾生，若心寂靜，眾生解脫。
2. 962 “As for someone who carries out a single act that leads to the hell of Ultimate Torment, that person may otherwise have been free from cruel thoughts, and have been gentle and soft. His tortures will not be the same as the tortures of someone who committed such an act time after time, especially if his thoughts and disposition were cruel. Such a person will experience harsh and intense pain. This is because all ripening of karma depends on the mind, and is governed by the mind. 118 [F.247.a] Sentient beings are in bondage because they are tied by the bonds of the mind. However, once they have purified their minds, they will be free.
如彼次第，在於阿鼻地獄之中，苦因緣故，所受苦惱身有軟麁，若五逆人於地獄中其身長大五百由旬，若四逆人四百由旬，若三逆人三百由旬，若二逆人二百由旬，若一逆人一百由旬。
2. 963 “In the hell of Ultimate Torment, the tortures are as follows. The beings there have large but delicate bodies. Those who have committed all five deeds with immediate consequences will have bodies that measure five leagues. Similarly, those who have done four, three, two, or one such act will have bodies that measure four, three, two, or one league.
又彼比丘觀察阿鼻大地獄處，此名毛起最大地獄凡有幾處？彼見聞知：普此地獄有十六處，何等十六？一名烏口；二名一切向地；三名無彼岸常受苦惱；四名野干吼；五名鐵野干食；六名黑肚；七名身洋；八名夢見畏；九名身洋受苦；十名兩山聚；十一名閻婆叵度；十二名星鬘；十三名苦惱急；十四名臭氣覆；十五名鐵鍱；十六名十一焰。普彼阿鼻最大地獄，有如是等十六別處。
2. 964 “As the monk examines the regions that surround the great hell of Ultimate Torment, he will refer to its adjacent hells as ‘hair-raising.’ As he applies knowledge derived from hearing, he will perceive the following sixteen neighboring hells: Raven Mouths, Entirely Beneath the Earth, Infinitely Long Torture, Howling Like a Jackal, Eaten by Iron Jackals, Raven’s Belly, 119 Battered Bodies, Fearsome Screams, Like Unopened Flowers, Falling Like Rain on High Mountains, Sound of Water, Garland of Stars, 120 Wrapped in Every Possible Pain, Longing for Smell, Iron Plates, and Advancing Fire. These are the sixteen realms adjacent to the great hell of Ultimate Torment.
又彼比丘如是觀察人欲死時，乃至中有，云何阿鼻地獄行人此中受苦，復生苦處？彼見：眾生貪欲、瞋恚、愚癡所覆，造作惡業，成就阿鼻地獄惡行。
2. 965 “The monk will now examine the interval of existence that follows death and lasts until the next birth. He will wonder, ‘How do the beings who inhabit the hell of Ultimate Torment come to suffer this mother of all pains?’ As he contemplates this, he will think, ‘Beings who are oppressed by desire, anger, and delusion [F.247.b] and who have engaged in negative actions will go to the hell of Ultimate Torment.’
如是造作阿鼻地獄：惡業行人有為生天故，以大火燒殺其母。又復有人高山嶮岸推母令墮，如是殺母。又復有人置母水中，如是殺母。又復有人餓殺其母。惡道癡人，惡聞所誑是故殺母。貪心悕天，如是殺母。或有餓殺，或在山上、嶮處推殺，或火燒殺、或水中殺，為得天故，彼人愛天，而殺自母。
2. 966 “Some go to the hell of Ultimate Torment because they burn their mother in the hope of reaching heaven. Others may throw their mother into an abyss, drown her, or starve her to death, thus killing their mother in delusion due to the influence of an unwholesome path. Fooled by unwholesome learning, they thus murder out of ignorance. Others may, yearning for heaven, begin to think that by starving their mother to death, throwing her off a cliff, burning her, or drowning her, they can reach heaven. Thus, they may kill their mother due to desire.
有以瞋心毒等而殺，有輕心故、心因緣故、心自在故，是故殺母，如是殺父，以三毒過故如是殺。
Likewise, some may kill their mother due to the circumstance of an aggressive and unstable mind. Thus, beings who kill while oppressed by these three mental flaws will go to the hell of Ultimate Torment.
或復有人以癡心故，不知如來是大福田，生瞋惡心，出其身血。
2. 967 “Some go to the hell of Ultimate Torment because of ignorantly drawing blood from someone who is a great field of merit.
如是破僧、殺阿羅漢，以多瞋故。彼人如是一切因緣、一切作業皆悉遠離，生於阿鼻大地獄中。
Others go there because of having caused a schism in the saṅgha or having killed a worthy one. Oppressed by anger, they crush and annihilate all their objectives and take birth in the hell of Ultimate Torment.
彼惡業人臨欲死時，有人即身阿鼻地獄大火已生，或復有人臨欲死時，及中有中彼中間生，得阿鼻苦。彼如是等，隨於何時造作阿鼻地獄惡業，即時燒燃一切善業，所有出家決定受業、解脫分業一切燒燃，不得受戒。
2. 968 “When they die, some will be born within the flames of Ultimate Torment in that very same body. Some will immediately enter the intermediate state and from there take birth into Ultimate Torment. When someone commits an act that leads to Ultimate Torment, any fortune that would otherwise have caused that person to become a monastic will thereby be burned. Such a person is unable to take vows.
如是燒已，不善惡業燒彼人身。過去久遠所作勝業，以作五逆，彼如是業決定不受。
The effects of that person’s virtuous actions will have thereby been burned so that their ripening will now become uncertain or postponed until other lives because what is to be experienced in the subsequent life is now certain to be hell.
何處決定？地獄決定能令命短，若百年命，二十年盡，思念所求皆不可得，譬如下種在於醎地。
2. 969 “Also, that person’s current lifespan will shorten, [F.248.a] such that, if he would otherwise have lived to be a hundred years, he will now remain for not more than twenty. None of that person’s hopes or wishes will materialize, as when seeds are sown in salty soil.
彼惡業人如是乃至自隨身天即時捨去，一切所作不得果利，諸根頑鈍，於境界中數見惡夢，常得一切不饒益事，所有妻子及奴婢等皆悉捨去，
No matter which god such a person may follow, that deity will abandon him from that moment on. All his activities will be fruitless. His faculties will be slow in apprehending sense objects, he will be constantly haunted by bad dreams, and experience nothing but failures. If he has children or a spouse, or male or female servants, they will abandon him.
常患飢渴，若遇美食不得本味，聲已破壞，一切惡觸面色甚惡，心常驚恐，人中鄙劣，一切諸親兄弟等眾無惡因緣而生驚畏，一切世界處處見煙。
He will be destitute, suffering from hunger and thirst. Even if he should obtain tasty food, it will not be appetizing. His speech will become slurred. His face will have an inauspicious and malicious appearance, his mind will suffer from constant confusion, and he will be scorned by all his relatives and friends. He will suffer panic attacks and it will seem as if he is enveloped in smoke.
此人身中諸界不調，遠見惡色，洗浴速乾，身恒患熱、喜患黃病、口常醎苦；床敷雖軟，得堅惡觸。
The constitution of his elements will never be in balance. In the distance, he will perceive unpleasant forms, although there is nothing there. He will be buffeted around by small wind gusts, and constantly suffer from burning sensations. He will be constantly afflicted by gall diseases and always have a bitter or salty taste in his mouth. Even though his bedding may be soft, it will still seem rough.
吹笛打鼓琵琶等聲，聞之猶惡，況餘鄙聲。又復彼人鼻識破壞，於好香物嗅則惡臭，一切身分皆悉臭爛，一切髮毛墮落不堅，齒色變壞、手足破裂，一切算數盡皆忘失。
Even the sound of flutes, drums, and string instruments will frighten him and make him nervous, not to mention other sounds. His nose will permanently lose its sense of smell so that he can no longer smell any sweet fragrances. His entire body will emit a foul odor. The hair on his head and body will fall off, [F.248.b] and his teeth will become stained. His legs and arms will become crippled and he will find no pleasure in anything.
天常怖嚇，夢則心驚，以心驚故，常瘦不肥；若以好花置頭及身，則速萎乾；衣裳健破，喜生垢穢，澡浴浣衣而速有垢；於道中行，無因緣倒，既倒地已，壞身作瘡，於其身體瘡更多出，而復難差。
In his dreams he will be punished by the gods and he will suffer constant depression. He will suffer from heart disease and heart attacks, and his body will never be well. If he ever wears any flowers, the flowers will quickly wither. Also, his clothes will become worn out quickly, and, however much he may wash his body and clothing, they will still stink. He may unexpectedly fall while traveling on the road and sustain many wounds that will be slow to heal.
臥睡咽乾，常喜多飲；城邑聚落實自饒人，而見皆空；不睹日月星宿實色；微軟風來，覺有堅觸，如鐵觸身；如欲近火，身則被燒，兩重熱觸。
While asleep, his throat will become dry, and he will have to drink a lot of water when he wakes up. When the asuras cause harm, he will perceive the towns and cities to be empty. He will misperceive the planets, stars, and other celestial bodies. If a slight breeze should brush him, it will feel as intense as if he were being struck by a weapon. Even a slight breeze will hurt him as if it were a weapon falling upon him, even a small fire will burn him, and the sun will feel twice as hot as usual.
於月覺溫，於極冷水亦覺其煖；極好樹林，見為惡處；先時所聞可愛鳥聲，聞如野干；見一切人如塚無異，常一切時聞不喜聲。
Even the moon will seem warm to him, and he will suffer its heat. All cool water will seem warm to him. He will find otherwise delightful groves and forests to be frightening, and he will hear the beautiful songs of birds as if they were the howling of jackals. He will perceive the whole world to be like a charnel ground and find no joy in anything.
雖復飲酒，心亦不喜；不曾作惡而得罪罰；於大巷中、四出巷中、三角巷中放屎放尿。如是之人，諸天捨離，常得一切不饒益事。彼人身色如被燒林，一切世人憎而不愛。彼惡業人於現在世先有如是阿鼻之相。
Alcohol will not be able to give him much joy, but will make him shameless and bereft of all manners. Thus, he will defecate and urinate in full public view by the roadsides or at intersections. [B15] All the gods will abandon him, and he will become a failure in all regards. His complexion will be like a burnt out forest [F.249.a] and he will arouse animosity in everyone across the land. Such are the early signs of Ultimate Torment as they appear in this life.
次死相現：白日見月，夜中見日，不見自影，無有因緣而聞惡聲，鼻則欹(去奇)倒，髮毛相著，身得熱等必死之病，普身蒸熱，四百四病，唯見四百普身逼惱。
2. 970 “Specific signs will also be experienced when death approaches. Thus, the person will perceive the moon at day and the sun at night, just as he will be unable to see his own shadow. He will hear sudden, unpleasant sounds. His nose will become crooked. His hair and body hair will become bristly. To begin with, he will contract a contagious disease that will start with fever and end with death. Tormented by fever that feels as scorching as burning embers, his pain and misery will be unlike that associated with any of the four hundred and four diseases.
如在火坑而被燒煮，八十種虫在其身體，一切身脈筋皮脂肉皆悉遍有，八十種風吹殺彼虫，謂八十種虫，八十風所殺。
As he burns in the wind of flaming embers, eighty winds will attack the eighty types of worms that live in all the veins, sinew, skin, bones, flesh, and fat of his body. 121
何等八十？一名毛虫，毛過風殺；二名黑口虫，隨時風殺；三名無力虫，夢見亂風殺；四名大力作虫，不忍風殺；五名迷作虫，虫色字作風殺；六名火色作虫，味押風殺；七名滑虫，鐵過風殺；八名河漂虫，糞屎上風殺；九名跳虫，糞門行風殺；十名分別見虫，憶念過風殺。
Thus, ten kinds of worms will be assailed by ten types of wind. Among them, the hairy worm will be attacked by the wind that tears out hair; the black-mouthed worm will be attacked by its related wind; the apathetic worm will be attacked by the wind that disturbs sleep; the opening worm will be attacked by the wind of irritability; the worm that causes confusion will be attacked by the wind that mutes the tongue; the worm of seeming absence will be attacked by the wind that directs taste; the raising worm will be attacked by the wind that destroys the liver; the downward-moving worm will be attacked by the wind that causes upward movement of excrement; upward-moving 122 worm will be attacked by the anal wind; the worm of thought perception will be attacked by the wind that impairs memory;
十一名惡臭虫，皮過風殺；十二名骨生虫，味過風殺；十三名赤口虫，脈過風殺；十四名針刺虫，欲過風殺；十五名脈行食虫，骨過風殺；十六名必波羅虫，食力風殺；十七名堅口虫，特牛風殺；十八名無毛虫，垢作風殺；十九名針口虫，濕過風殺；二十名胃穿破虫，屎多過風殺。
the stinking worm will be attacked by the wind that destroys the skin; the bone-gift worm will be attacked by the wind that destroys taste; [F.249.b] the red-mouthed worm will be attacked by the wind that destroys the flesh; the vigorous worm will be attacked by the wind that destroys haughtiness; the worm that consumes the causes of disease will be attacked by the bone-destroying wind; the weapon-mouthed worm will be attacked by the wind that destroys all bones; the razor-mouthed worm will be attacked by the wrinkling wind; the hairless worm will be attacked by the wind that makes hair gray; the needle-faced worm will be attacked by the sweat-destroying wind; the bibidza worm 123 will be attacked by the wind that greatly harms urine;
二十一名不行虫，食和合風殺；二十二名屎散虫，齒破風殺；二十三名三節虫，喉集風殺；二十四名腸破虫，下行風殺；二十五名塞脹虫，上行風殺；二十六名金虫，三廂風殺；二十七名糞門熟虫，節節行風殺；二十八名皮作虫，心過風殺；二十九名脂嘴虫，散亂風殺；三十名和集虫，開合風殺；
the legless worm will be attacked by the wind that carries food; the excrement-scattering worm will be attacked by the tooth-breaking wind; the tripling worm will be attacked by the vein-liquid wind; the worm that destroys the intestines will be attacked by the wind of downward movement; the worm that causes swelling will be attacked by the upward-moving wind; the golden worm will be attacked by the wind of frontal rising; the colon worm will be attacked by the wind of intestinal movement; the skin-creating worm will be attacked by the wind that causes depression; the fat-harming worm will be attacked by the upward-moving wind that causes shaking; the accumulation worm will be attacked by the wind that closes and opens the eyes;
三十一名惡臭虫，送閉風殺；三十二名五風共未虫，藏集風殺；三十三名築築虫，藏散風殺；三十四名藏華虫，行去來住走作風殺。次名大諂虫、蛇虫、黑虫、大食虫、煖行虫、眼耳、鼻虫，身風所殺；次名舐骨虫、瞻過風殺；
the foul-smelling worm will be attacked by the wind of the fivefold meeting that causes mutual contact; the worm that moves along with the five winds 124 will be attacked by the wind that destroys the essence; the harming worm will be attacked by the splitting wind; the worm that gives birth to flower essences 125 will be harmed by the wind that causes going, coming, movement, rest, and running; the great kuhaka worm 126 , the swine-seller worm, the black worm, the great consumer worm, and the hot marrow worm will be harmed by the energies that destroy the eyes, ears, nose, and tongue; the bone-destroying worm will be harmed by the wind that destroys the gall bladder; [F.250.a]
次名黑足虫，冷沫過風殺；次名密割虫，髓過風殺；次名腦虫，依爪風殺；次名髑髏行虫，依足一廂風殺；次名頭骨行虫，不覺作風殺；次名煩惱與虫，破壞風殺；次名耳行虫，行劈風殺；
the black-legged worm will be harmed by the wind that destroys phlegm; the joint-severing worm will be harmed by the wind that destroys the spinal cord; the worm that moves in the brain will be harmed by the wind of the demoness’s residence; the worm that consumes brain membrane will be harmed by the wind that resides in the marrow; the worm that moves in the skull will be harmed by the wind that causes fainting; the hair-eating worm will be harmed by the wind that splits; the worm that moves in the ears will be harmed by the wind that impairs movement;
次名家旋身虫，塊過風殺；次名脂遍行虫，破髀風殺；次名涎灑虫，破節風殺；次名齧齒骨虫，髀破不覺風殺；次名涎食虫，力爛風殺；次名唾冷沫虫，筋推柱風殺；
the worm that lives in mucus will be harmed by the wind that destroys the ankles; the worm that moves in fat will be harmed by the wind that prevents release; the spit-throwing worm will be harmed by the wind that causes burning; the worm that consumes dental roots will be harmed by the wind that prevents release and causes lack of sensation; the spit-consuming worm will be harmed by the wind that prevents spreading; the phlegm-moistening worm will be harmed by the wind that empties the nose and causes paralysis;
次名吐虫，十和漂內行旋風殺；次名密醉虫，密亂風殺；次名六味悕望虫，毛爪屎壞風殺；次名抒氣虫，精出風殺；次名增味虫，破壞作風殺；次名夢悕望虫，寬柱風殺；
the worm that causes vomiting will be harmed by the wind that carries ten tastes, moves within, and blocks the duśagata 127 ; the honey-intoxication worm will be harmed by the wind that disturbs the joints; the worm that craves for the six tastes will be harmed by the wind that destroys hair, nails, and excrement; the barbur worm 128 will be harmed by the wind that causes saliva to become uncontrolled; the worm that creates distaste will be harmed by the wind that causes collapse; the dream-craving worm will be harmed by the wind that paralyzes the penis;
次名毛生虫，乾屎作風殺；次名善味虫，一廂縛風殺；次名虫母虫，六鷲風殺；次名毛光虫，一切身分作風殺；次名毛食虫，健壞風殺；次名習習虫，一切動身分風殺；
the worm that consumes body hair will be harmed by the wind that dries excrement; the sosura 129 worm will be harmed by the wind that constricts the ribs; the maternal birth worm will be harmed by the wind of the six raven openings 130 ; the umpara worm 131 will be harmed by the wind that shortens all major and minor body parts; the descending worm will be harmed by the wind of fire destruction; the hair-raising worm [F.250.b] will be harmed by the wind that affects all major and minor body parts; the hair-eating worm will be harmed by the destabilizing wind; the simisima worm 132 will be harmed by the wind that pervades all limbs;
次名酢虫，熱作風殺；次名瘡生虫，和集風殺；次名粥粥虫，下上風殺；次名筋閉虫，命風所殺，若人命風并屎出時，彼人即死；次名脈動虫，閉風所殺。
the umabuga worm 133 will be harmed by the burning wind; the wound worm will be harmed by the destructive wind; the tsuntsu sound worm 134 will be harmed by the upper and lower wind; the sinew-severing worm will be harmed by the wind that is lethal for humans; and the vein-severing worm will be harmed by the perforating wind.
一切眾生臨欲死時，如是等虫、如是等風，不相應風而殺彼虫。如是阿鼻地獄之人，顛倒惡業，如是下上顛倒風吹。彼惡業故，作大力風，遍吹其身。此如是等八十種風殺八十種虫。
Although for all living beings the various winds inflict distinct harm upon the worms at the time of death, the situation is different for a human who is destined for Ultimate Torment. Due to such a person’s unwholesome actions, particularly fierce winds, which are caused by the person’s harmful acts, will stir both above and below, and when that happens the eighty winds will harm all eighty species of worms.
如相應殺、如顛倒殺。有風名為必波羅針，能令一切身分乾燥，如以機關用壓甘蔗，一切血乾、一切脈閉、一切筋斷、一切髓洋，受大苦惱。
2. 971 “There is no way to stop the winds’ destructive influence on the worms. First the smelly pibpalaka wind 135 will dry out the entire body, as when sugarcane stalks are run through a press. The blood will be drained away and one will become afflicted by all manner of disease. The muscles will be severed, and the pain will penetrate right to the marrow.
惡業行人阿鼻之人臨欲死時，彼虫欲死則見有色，阿鼻之人見地獄相，如見屋舍黑幕所覆，一廂火起，次第周遍，黑幕屋內一切焰燃。彼人如是見屋燃已，驚怖戰恐皺面呻喚，兩手亂動、眼轉涎出、齧齒作聲、兩脣相觸。
2. 972 “As a consequence of the dying person’s misdeeds, worms will emerge conspicuously from his mouth when he is about to depart for Ultimate Torment. The future hell being will perceive his home to be covered by black leather. He will then spot a fire in the house, and it will seem to him that the fire is spreading and engulfing his home. As he sees his home aflame, he will become pale, and begin to cry and moan, swing his arms, and roll his eyes. Spit will drip from his mouth, [F.251.a] his teeth will chatter, and he will bite his lips.
彼人更復見第二色大黑闇聚，轉復驚恐，多饒師子虎豹、熊羆及蛇蟒等，極生怖畏。大高山上欲墮嶮岸，屎污床敷，畏墮彼山，申手向上，諸親見已，皆言此人手摩虛空。
2. 973 “A second kind of appearance will begin to emerge in which he perceives a tall, rocky mountain that is full of terrifying lions, tigers, bears, leopards, and snakes. When he sees the beasts swooping down from the mountain, drawing ever closer, he will defecate himself and move his hands in the air in terror. Those near him will say, ‘He is trying to ward off something in empty space.’
如是病人見彼山林巖崖窟穴，多饒柳樹，火焰熾燃，欲墮其上，心生驚怖踧聲唱喚，復更失糞，眼目動轉恐怖皺面，眼中淚出遍身毛起，如棘刺針卵縮却入，口中涎出。
Later he will perceive cliffs, forests, mountains, and groves that are engulfed in flames and advancing toward him. Hallucinating, he will moan, scream, and foul himself. His eyes will change, rolling in fear, and tears will flow from them. His body hair will stand on end, as if they were thorns, and his penis will become erect 136 and ejaculate. 137
然後此人四大怒盛，四者所謂：地界、水界、火界、風界。地界瞋怒：一切身分不堅破壞，如兩石間壓水聚沫，如壓沙摶，一切身骨、身分脈道斷絕散壞，普彼人身受第一苦。如是地界瞋怒故爾。以惡業故。
2. 974 “After that, disturbances in the four elements will manifest —the earth, water, fire, and wind elements will stir. As the earth element goes out of balance, its solid nature will cause torment throughout the dying person’s major and minor body parts. It will feel as if his head is being ground between two stones. His entire physical form will seem to be demolished, as when a handful of sand is scattered. All his major and minor body parts will feel attacked, destroyed, and cut asunder. Such excruciating pain will come from upheavals in the earth element.
水界瞋怒：咽喉不利、抒氣欲死、筋肉皆緩，見大水漂流入眼耳。
2. 975 “Next, his misdeeds will cause great disturbances in the water element, leading him to moan and shriek. His muscles and flesh will become moist and extremely loose, and streams of water will run off his body. [F.251.b] A great deal of water will also flow from his nose and eyes.
火界瞋怒：自見其身在大屋中而被燒燃，受大苦惱，一切身分受堅鞕苦，以受苦故呻喚迴轉，手足亂動、頭不暫住。
2. 976 “Then follow disturbances in the fire element, whereby he feels as if plunged into burning pits of embers, causing him excruciating, fierce, vicious torment. He will cry and moan in terror, roll from side to side, shake his hands, and be unable to keep his head still for even a moment.
風界瞋怒：有堅澁觸，種種輕冷，一切身分堅鞕閉塞，種種能吹，輕者上去如昇虛空，墮大嶮岸，冷能攣縮一切筋卷。
2. 977 “Next, there will be upheavals in the wind element, which becomes hard, rough, expansive, light, and cold. Its hardness will torment all his major and minor body parts, its expansion will create pressure, its lightness will make him feel as if suspended in midair or falling into an abyss, and its frigidity will make his muscles cramp.
彼人四大，臨欲死時四大力盛，如是四大毒蛇瞋怒，受如是等種種苦惱，彼苦惱者無有譬喻。
Thus, suffering from these upheavals on the verge of death, he will be tormented by the four great elements as if they were vicious snakes. It is not easy to find an example to illustrate this.
彼人如是一切身分皆悉破壞，如水沫塊水漂燒等，受第一苦，把挽臥敷，手摩虛空。
2. 978 “The dying person’s entire body becomes like bursting bubbles of foam, as it is destroyed, burned, and boiled. Thus, he lies, tormented by excruciating pain, upon his final bed, waving his hands around in space, as his mind approaches the final moment of physical existence.
現在心滅，中有心生，如在山頂，放身墮地，既離山頂，無所攀捉，空中轉行。彼人如是生在中有，如印相似，中有心生於彼則見惡面手足猪象驢馬、熊羆虎豹、師子蛇蟒、野干狗犬之屬，閻魔羅人手捉種種可畏器仗，打其身體。唯罪人見，餘人不見。如是見故，極皺面眼如油漸盡，然亦漸滅。
At that point, it will feel as if he is climbing high upon a big cliff, jumping off, and falling freely through space. In the mind’s final moments of existence, he will then begin to see, as if they were the imprints of a seal, the faces of the Lord of Death’s henchmen. He will perceive their ugly limbs, their gaping mouths, and their heads of elephants, horses, donkeys, pigs, wildcats, lions, tigers, leopards, mongooses, and foxes. Consuming vomit [F.252.a] and brandishing weapons, they threaten the dying person, who is alone in perceiving them. Thus horrified, his eyes will dim and, just like a lamp dies out when its oil is used up, he will die.
彼惡業人如是死滅，中有色生，不見不對，其身猶如八歲小兒，即死即倒。即於倒時，閻魔羅人之所執持焰燃鐵羂，繫縛其咽，反束兩手，東西南北四維上下，見火焰燃。見彼火中種種惡面閻魔羅人火中沸熱，手執種種可畏器仗而打其身。
2. 979 “Having died this way, he will next appear in the intermediate existence. He will have an immaterial body that appears like that of an eight-year-old child. Immediately upon death, he will be seized by henchmen of the Lord of Death, who will throw a burning rope around his neck and tie his hands behind his back. The deceased will perceive everything in the cardinal and intermediate directions, the ground and the sky, to be completely and constantly ablaze with fire, and within the flames he will see the many hideous faces of the Lord of Death’s henchmen. He will then be tossed into the flames and there see the full forms of the terrifying henchmen, menacing and brandishing numerous weapons.
彼人既見反縛其臂，極大怖畏，閻魔羅人呵責罪人，既呵責已，將向南廂，懊惱啼哭，而說偈言：
These horrifying figures will grab the ropes around the neck of the deceased and, while ridiculing him, herd him off to the south. The dead will wail most pitifully:
我離世間命，如癡無伴行，惡人將我去，周匝饒惡人。cf. Dhs.16.89-102
2. 980 “ ‘Like an unskilled and confused captain,I have lost sight of the land of the living. Surrounded by transformed faces I am helplessly driven into terror.
一切唯火焰，遍空無中間，四方及四維，地界無空處。
2. 981 “ ‘Wherever I look In the cardinal and intermediate directions, The land is completely ablaze With continuous tongues of flames.
去處不自在，彼處不可知，曠野漂我去，無一切伴侶。
2. 982 “ ‘For what pain am I helplessly destined? I do not know where I am! Driven into the wilderness, I have no friend of any kind.
無人見安慰，無救脫我苦，無力無自在，燒身極受苦。
2. 983 “ ‘I have no savior who can protect me And free me from this pain. I have no strength or power, But am scorched by painful flames.
送我不自在，不知何處去，遍身一切處，皆以鐵繫縛。
非物非知識、非妻亦非子，無人來救我，以嫌我惡故。
2. 984 “ ‘With my hands tied, [F.252.b] I am driven along. My possessions and friends, My children and spouse —
失法無歸救，苦惱破壞心，閻魔羅縛我，歸救不可得。
2. 985 “ ‘Alas, they are all of no use And cannot protect me. Joyless and broken, My mind suffers horrendous pain.
瞋我故如是，與我多急苦，何人是誰遣？遍縛我身體。我今如是見，行物不動物，
2. 986 “ ‘Shackled by the chains of death, I see no protector anywhere. The words of those around me Are full of fury and humiliation.
2. 987 “ ‘What is this? What are these chains? All that I see, whatever it is, This entire wasteland,
如是一切處，大火悉充滿。一切地界處，惡人皆遍滿，
2. 988 “ ‘Is completely engulfed In burning flames. Nowhere is there any joy, And violence abounds everywhere.
我今無所歸，孤獨無同伴。在惡處闇中，入大火焰聚，
2. 989 “ ‘Nothing at all will protect me, And I have no friend of any kind. I am entering an unbearable darkness And will be forgotten behind mountains of flames.
我於虛空中，不見日月星。此一切顛倒，一切普闇覆，
2. 990 “ ‘I do not see the sky, Nor the planets, the stars, or the other celestial bodies. All of them have disappeared, And I have become surrounded by darkness.
一切五根等，皆悉顛倒見。鉤我身一切，破裂受大苦，
2. 991 “ ‘All of my five senses Experience nothing but delusion, And my body is cleaved And sawed into pieces.
我無所歸依，云何而得脫？增長苦惱聚，一切周匝人，
2. 992 “ ‘There is nothing that can protect me — What is this place? As my tortures increase I am now completely encircled!’
念念增聚苦，身心皆受苦，苦惱逼我身，更無餘同伴。
2. 993 “Thus, as his body and mind Become sources of increasing pain, He will be oppressed by suffering Without any companion at all.
閻魔羅人聞惡業人所說偈已，以瞋怒心，答自惡業所誑人曰：
2. 994 “He is now attacked by the effects of his own actions. The Lord of Death and his raging helpers Are the products of his own actions. Now they look at him and say:
汝前已作惡，後何用思量，前為癡所誑，今悔何所及？cf. Dhs.16.103-105
2. 995 “ ‘Whatever you did in the past You may now give some thought to. In your delusion you were fooled; Now what torment will be yours?
汝所作惡業，惡中之大惡，不善中不善，苦中之大苦。
2. 996 “ ‘As the destroyer among all destroyers, And the evil of all evils, [F.253.a] Your unwholesome actions will now bring you The pain of all pains.
或劫或減劫，大火燒汝身，癡人已作惡，今何用生悔？
2. 997 “ ‘For an eon, or the remainder of an eon, You will be burned by fire. Think of your stupidity As you engaged in so many unwholesome acts.
非是天修羅、揵闥婆龍鬼，業羂所繫縛，無人能救汝。
2. 998 “ ‘Bound as you are by the shackles of karmic action,No god, asura, gandharva, Piśāca, mahoraga, or rākṣasa Will come to your rescue.
若人為業縛，被縛在地獄，送到不自在，一切因緣行。
2. 999 “ ‘The person bound by the shackles of karmic action Will be bound within hell. Causes and conditions pull all beings Helplessly along.
汝作惡中惡，此惡第一惡，造殺母惡業，此業已決定。
2. 1000 “ ‘The act of killing one’s mother Carries definite consequences. Among all evils, this one is extreme. Among all evils, this one is severe.
若人本所生，父身分增長，彼父不自在，汝惡以刀殺。
2. 1001 “ ‘Also the very one who produced you, Created as you were from his semen, You have brought harm upon, Violently taking his life.
三界最為勝，一切過已離，一切縛解脫，汝於彼作惡。
2. 1002 “ ‘And then, in the entire threefold world, He is the best, utterly flawless And free of all fetters — Toward him you committed evil.
一切法之藏，能開解脫門，汝惡人破僧，彼果今此受。
2. 1003 “ ‘And to the treasure of all the teachings, To those who open the door to liberation for you — To them you did evil by creating a schism, And so you have now ended up here.
一切使已過，一切結已捨，癡人殺羅漢，彼果今此受。
2. 1004 “ ‘Also a worthy one has transcended all bonds And relinquished all latent tendencies, And yet you ignorantly caused such a being harm. Now you shall experience the effect.
諸法中如火，破壞實語寶，汝常妄語說，彼果今此受。
2. 1005 “ ‘The fire that will burn all good qualities, The destroyer of the jewel of the truth, Is lying, and in that you constantly engaged. Now, experience the harm that lying brings.
迭相破壞義，念念中憶念，汝作兩舌說，彼果如是受。
2. 1006 “ ‘Wishing to cause discord, You again and again Engaged in divisive talk. In consequence of that you have now ended up here.
如刀如火毒，惡中第一熱，汝常惡口說，彼果今此受。
2. 1007 “ ‘Harsh words are like weapons and fire —They cause the worst of pains in others. Yet such words you spoke constantly, And now you experience their effects.
前後顛倒句，無義不相應，汝多綺語說，彼果今此受。
2. 1008 “ ‘Your many random words, Meaningless and senseless, And utterly irrelevant, Have now brought you here. [F.253.b]
眾生無自在，常愛命怖畏，汝多殺眾生，今受苦惡果。
2. 1009 “ ‘Living creatures always cherish their lives, Yet you subjected them to terror And caused them abundant harm. Now you have gained the abundant fruits.
貪心陵他人，而取他財物，貪欲心故盜，今時果報熟。
2. 1010 “ ‘With your mind oppressed by desire, You stole the wealth of others. Those ruled by desire Will do their time here.
癡暗所覆故，復作第二惡，已作欲邪行，何故今生悔？
2. 1011 “ ‘Thinking is like firewood, And sexual misconduct Is like the added fire. Why would you torment yourself for no reason?
於他物欲得，自多貪思惟，彼物不可得，今得如是果。
2. 1012 “ ‘Coveting the wealth of others, One may think and speculate a great deal, Without being able to do anything about it. And yet today you experience the effects of that!
汝已多多瞋，瞋猶多思惟，如是得地獄，何故今生悔？
2. 1013 “ ‘Those who have abundant ill will And are wholly intent on harm Will also be close to hell. We are here to welcome them.
顛倒惡邪見，二業已破壞，汝以邪見心，令他住邪見。
2. 1014 “ ‘Awful, mistaken teachings Destroy the two types of action. And yet you established The minds of others in wrong view.
此等諸惡法，從身口意生，汝以癡心故，自作向他說。
2. 1015 “ ‘Those are the qualities of evil Done by body, speech, and mind. Yet, in your stupidity you performed such deeds And made others do them, too.
多多作惡已，決定不善行，今此處我執，何故心生悔？
2. 1016 “ ‘As the definite effect of that You have now attained this terrible hell. As you are here, surrounded by us, How sad that you are tormented by delusion.
如於大海中，唯取一掬水，此苦如一掬，後苦如大海。
2. 1017 “ ‘This is merely one single drop Of water from the ocean Of unbearable pain That you have earned.
若人作惡業，彼人不自愛，惡業地獄煮，不應念惡業。
2. 1018 “ ‘We will never be fond of those Who engage in unwholesome deeds. The doer of evil is on our minds, And it is his own evil that makes him boil in hell.
惡人見惡行，善人亦如是，惡行憎善人，如是生地獄。
2. 1019 “ ‘Evil follows evil And virtue leads to virtue. Those who do evil and are averse to virtue Will take birth in the realms of hell.
癡人則捨善，而入於不善，汝癡人捨寶，而取於石等。
2. 1020 “ ‘Why would your unvirtuous minds let go of virtue And instead pursue evil? What fool would give up jewels, And instead look for rocks?
饒種種好法，佛寶等無量，汝既得人身，何故不樂法？
2. 1021 “ ‘To the Buddha, the different Dharma teachings [F.254.a] Are equal to jewels and the like. 138 Having attained a human situation, Why would you not practice them continuously?
常捨離惡人，常有善心意，求得於涅槃，外道不能得。
2. 1022 “ ‘The mind that has relinquished the unwholesome Is constantly virtuous, And transcendence of suffering lies in the palm of the hand. Yet, because of thinking, this is not perceived.
初中後皆善，於法常生樂；初中後生苦，是惡業果報。
2. 1023 “ ‘With virtue in the beginning, middle, and end, The qualities of bliss always arise. Lack of virtue in the beginning, middle, and end Is the result of unwholesome action.
如是常捨惡，攀緣於善行，捨惡業之人，生處常受樂。
2. 1024 “ ‘Therefore, always give up the unwholesome And set your mind on the virtuous. The one who has left the unwholesome behind Remains forever in bliss.
無始生死來，惡業數數燒，何故不疲倦，愚癡屬癡心？
2. 1025 “ ‘In cyclic existence without beginning or end You are tormented by suffering again and again. Why do childish beings under the power of ignorance Not become weary of this?
汝前惡業燒，後為大火燒，惡業地獄因，惡業人煮熟。
2. 1026 “ ‘First you are burned by evil And later burned by fire. Hell is the product of evil causes, And one boils because of evil.
聞說惡業果，心則應調伏，況作惡業已，如是燒煮苦。
2. 1027 “ ‘Meaningless, unwholesome words May be spoken by the feeble-minded, But the resultant heat is all-consuming. Why would you do what is unwholesome?
如是等無量，種種大苦惱，汝於須臾間，受如是苦惱。閻魔羅使，如是呵責惡業行人。
2. 1028 “ ‘Ahead of you are many gates And beyond them you will suffer.’ Thus, because of his unwholesome actions, He will be repeatedly scolded by the messengers of the Lord of Death
既呵責已，將向地獄極苦惡處，經無量時業羂所縛。
2. 1029 “They will put him in the shackles of karmic action And drag him into excruciating hells.
彼人惡業，一切身分皆悉火燃，如樹內乾，多時被燒。去地獄門，道里不遠，彼地獄處，不可譬喻。
2. 1030 “Thus, all their major and minor body parts are scorched, as when a fire burns inside a hollow tree, and, as they approach, they come to see the gates of the hell so severe that any example fails to illustrate it.
爾時，世尊而說偈言：
四角有四門，廣長分分處，燒煮不自在，地獄人多倒。cf. Dhs.16.107
Here, there is a verse:
2. 1031 “The square structure has four gates That are opened by countless snakes. There, the many beings of hell Have no option but to burn.”
去彼二萬五千由旬，聞彼地獄無量堅惡啼哭之聲，堅苦無味，破壞可畏，無異相似。異地獄中生彼眾生，彼人若聞一切地獄所有苦惱皆悉不憶，聞此則死，何況未生地獄之人？
2. 1032 “At a distance of twenty-five thousand leagues they will hear the awful and horribly excruciating, depraved, and searing screams of the beings in hell — screams that are unlike anything else. [F.254.b] If beings born in other hells were to hear those screams, they would be so horrified that they would forget their own tortures. They would forget the terrors of all the other hells, too, and the sound would cause them to die. What then can be said of the effect that these screams will have on beings who have hitherto not heard any of the noises of hell?
彼地獄人，人世間中作惡業已，於中有中種種苦覆，復聞彼聲十倍悶絕。彼人如是苦惱無邊，身心苦惱，心更起亂如夢相似。
2. 1033 “The beings who have thus been tormented by numerous sufferings in the intermediate state, which leads to the perception of hell, have minds that are already obscured, but as they hear the screams, their obscuration will increase tenfold. Their minds, which are tormented by limitless, boundless physical and mental pain, will be disturbed as if experiencing a nightmare.
彼人轉復近阿鼻住，以惡業故，寒風所吹，地下水中，人不曾觸，彼處無日，彼風勢力過劫盡風。彼風極冷，形此中雪，如氷無異。彼處水上，冷風更冷，以惡業故風如利刀，此風勢力能吹大山，高十由旬而令移散。
2. 1034 “As the beings come close to the hell of Ultimate Torment, an icy wind that is created and produced by their karmic actions will begin to stir. This wind is even colder than the water below the earth, which for the duration of an intermediate eon remains there, underground, without ever being touched by the sun, and which is thus as freezing cold as any ice found in the human realm. Even more icy cold than that water, these winds produced by karma are also razor sharp and have the power to bring down a mountain ten leagues tall.
如是惡風吹中有人，彼人寒苦，色等諸陰受極苦惱，如是苦惱不可譬喻。如劫盡時七日出熱，更一千倍勝熱悕望。
The beings in the intermediate existence will for the most part be caught in that wind and their experience of cold will thus impel their aggregates of form, and so forth. Likewise, an extraordinary fire will blaze forth, hotter even than a thousand appearances of the seven suns. 139
此取因緣，則有有分，即彼悕望，中有陰滅而生異陰，有受陰生。譬如第二三十三天，五、四、三、二、一由旬等，業力自在，相似生身，頭面在下、足在於上，臨欲墮時，大力火焰抖擻打壞，經二千年皆向下行，未到阿鼻地獄之處。
2. 1035 “The links of existence are such that grasping gives rise to becoming, and, as soon as desire arises, the aggregates of the being in the intermediate state will cease and the aggregates of the sensations of the next life will arise. Just like, for example, the gods in the Heaven of the Thirty-Three may, in accordance with their karmic actions, measure either five, four, or three leagues, the bodies of these hell beings will be one league large. [F.255.a] With such bodies they will plummet pitifully, their heads down and their feet pointing upward, into the ferocious flames of Ultimate Torment, plunging in this way for two thousand years.
阿鼻地獄如是向下，在於中間未可往到。謂阿鼻者，阿鼻地獄欲界最下，從此欲界、色界上行，如是乃至阿迦尼吒，兩界已上更無有處。阿鼻地獄亦復如是，下更無處。墮彼處已，惡業力故，受極苦惱。如是阿鼻地獄之人，見大焦熱地獄罪人如見他化自在天處，相似不異。
2. 1036 “Below that place there is nothing else because Ultimate Torment marks the end of the desire realm. Above it stretch first the desire realm and then the form realm, all the way up to the gods in the Highest Heaven. As soon as one’s fall into Ultimate Torment begins, one will already have achieved existence there, and so one will, from that moment on, be tortured constantly and exposed to a pain so intense that in comparison the beings in the Hell of Intense Heat will seem like the gods in the Heaven of Making Use of Others’ Emanations. Thus is one born into this hell of excruciating, unbearable pain.
彼阿鼻獄多饒焰鬘，既生彼中先燒其頭，次燒其身，彼人如是頭身燒熱。今說少喻，如是焰鬘，須彌山王少時圍遶，并彼山王六萬眷屬，所有山河、陂池林樹皆能燒盡，唯地獄人久燒不死。
2. 1037 “As soon as one is born there, one will instantly be tormented by the fires of hell, and so one’s entire body will be scorched and burned. As one searches for a place to dwell, one might set out for Mount Sumeru. However, even if one roams around the mountain sixty thousand times, circling its rivers, trees, pools, and forests, one will still be burned by the numerous fires of hell. This suffering does not occur to any of the long-living beings who inhabit the other hells.
今說少喻，譬如火煮鐵器極熱，置脂一渧，即時燒盡。如是如是，一逆罪業，阿鼻之火能燒人身，四天下處眾生及山、天、阿修羅、諸龍、山窟、洲林大海皆能燒燃。
2. 1038 “To give a slight indication of the scorching that the beings of this realm experience, think of a drop of oil that is dropped onto a red-hot frying pan. Similarly, those who have engaged in a single one of the relevant causal actions will have an experience of their own bodies being burned along with those of all beings. This fire will also be perceived as burning all realms, including those of all the mountains, gods, asuras, greater mountains, trees, continents, forests, and oceans.
若人造作二逆惡業，能燒二海，如前說燒。若人造作三逆惡業，能燒三海；如是四業，能燒四海。彼身燒熱如鐵器燒。
For a being who has engaged in two of the causal actions, it is as if the ocean and all the rest are burned twice. [F.255.b] For those who have engaged in three and four of such acts, the experience is respectively tripled and quadrupled. Thus, as if landing on a frying pan, one will experience intense and instantaneous burning.
即於入時，更復輪山及大輪山，即於入時皆能燒盡。一切海畔所攝諸龍、大阿修羅、諸畜生眾，復有善業四天下處、欲界六天，聞地獄氣即皆消盡。何以故？以地獄人極大臭故。地獄臭氣何故不來？有二大山，一名出山，二名沒山，遮彼臭氣。彼惡臭氣無異相似。以惡業故，地獄寬廣。
2. 1039 “The surrounding mountains, the greater surrounding mountains, and the ocean serve as protection for the nāgas, asuras, animals, humans of the four abodes, and the classes of desire realm gods. How so? The beings of Ultimate Torment emit a stench that would paralyze those beings, yet, due to the tall mountains, the other realms do not sense the unbearable stench of the beings in this hell. The stench of their karmic actions, whether they are completed and produced, unproduced, or manifest, cannot be compared to any other smell.
彼地獄中有焰嘴鳥，其嘴堅利、色白如氷，如是惡鳥於地獄中，一切罪人身皮脂肉骨髓皆食。復有異鳥火中而生、火中而行、火中而食，如是惡鳥食地獄人一切身肉，次破其骨；既破骨已，破肉飲血；彼飲血已，次飲其髓。
2. 1040 “At that time birds of hell will appear. Their hard, sharp beaks are aflame, and like a hailstorm, they swiftly descend on the hell beings, splitting apart their entire bodies and cutting through their skin, flesh, fat, bones, and marrow. As when one flame ignites a second, the birds swoop down and gorge on the beings of hell, devouring their flesh, splitting their bones, tearing apart their flesh, and drinking their blood.
彼地獄人唱喚悲號、啼哭悶絕。次復有鳥名火髻行，火所不燒，極大歡喜，破其頭已，先飲其血。次復有鳥名食髑髏，以火焰嘴破其髑髏而飲其腦。次復有鳥名為食舌，而食其舌及齒根肉，食已復生，新生柔軟如蓮華葉，如是復食，食已復生。
2. 1041 “As the shocked hell beings scream, wail, and moan, many types of birds will swoop down upon them. The bird known as the one that partakes of flames lives within the scorching fires. As soon as it sees a hell being, it breaks open the hell being’s skull and drinks the blood. The bird known as the one that reaches the brain will then dig into the brain and gobble it up. The bird known as the tongue eater will pull out the tongue with its beak and swallow it. Yet, as soon as it has done so, the hell being will [F.256.a] grow a new tongue that is as soft as a lotus petal.
次復有鳥名為拔齒，嘴如焰鉗，其鳥大力盡拔牙齒。次復有鳥名執咽喉，身甚微細，食其咽喉。次復有鳥名苦痛食，而食其肺。次復有鳥名食生藏，破其心已而飲其汁。次復有鳥名為脾聚，而食其脾。次復有鳥名腸內食，食其腸內。
The bird known as the tooth extractor uses its beak as a pair of tongs to pull out all the hell being’s teeth. The bird known as the one that draws out intestines will mince the intestines and eat them. The bird known as the lung eater consumes the lungs. The bird known as the heart eater severs the heart from the body and eats it. The bird known as the stomach eater splits open the belly, jumps in, and relishes the taste. The bird known as the liver destroyer consumes the liver.
次復有鳥名喜背骨，破其背骨而飲其髓，飲已外出。次復有鳥名為脈藏，脈脈斷已，入脈孔中而飲其汁，受苦唱喚。次復有鳥名為針孔，嘴利如針而飲其血。次復有鳥名骨中住，破其頰骨在內而食。次復有鳥名食肉皮，食其外皮。
The bird known as the consumer of apertures munches away upon the apertures of the body. The bird known as the spine eater rips the spine apart and eats it. The bird known as the destroyer of the joints penetrates and splits open all the joints. It then enters in between the joints eats the bone marrow, while the hell being screams in agony. The bird known as the needle beak uses its needle-like beak to drink blood. Similarly, another bird will enter the jaw and from there penetrate other bones as well. Known as the bird that stays in between, it will also gnaw from the outside. The bird known as the consumer of six kinds of skin will eat six different types of skin.
次復有鳥名為拔爪，拔一切甲。次復有鳥名為食脂，破其皮已而飲其脂。次復有鳥名為緩筋，破裂其筋，一切皆食。次復有鳥名為拔髮，拔其髮根。如是阿鼻地獄之處三千由旬，名惡鳥處，彼復更有異地獄人同共被食，如是無量百千年食，食已復生。彼人如是怖畏鳥食。
The bird known as the one that pulls out nails will extract all the nails. The bird known as the fat eater will feast on the fat. The bird known as the sinew extractor will pull out the sinews and eat them. The bird known as messy hair will pull out the hair. Thus, at this place called Terror of Being Eaten by Birds, which covers three thousand leagues within Ultimate Torment, the beings of hell will continuously be eaten and revived throughout many hundreds of thousands of years.
阿鼻地獄一切苦網遮覆之處，既得脫已，望歸望救，次復更入名墮嶮岸受苦之處。普彼地獄十一焰聚周匝圍遶，孤獨無伴，業羂所縛，一切內外皆悉遮障，曠野中行。
2. 1042 “Once they escape Terror of Being Eaten by Birds, which forms a part of Ultimate Torment, they will arrive at a place known as Precipices and Abysses, which is enveloped by a web of suffering. [F.256.b] Wishing for safety, refuge, and protection, the beings of this hell will enter that place alone, surrounded by eleven great fires, and bound by the shackles of karmic action. There, they enter a wilderness that is full of enemies both outside and within.
一切地獄諸苦惱中，勝苦欲到，疾走往詣，名墮嶮岸受苦之處。下足則洋，舉足則生，生則更軟，其觸甚苦，堅利苦惱，極大怖畏。如是怖畏，皺面喎口，手足身分一切消洋，然後次第到彼嶮岸。彼人彼處，墮於嶮岸，以惡業故，作風舉之，三千由旬。
Suffering torments more intense than in any other hell, they will rush into Precipices and Abysses, where they will tumble and their legs will burn. Then they will be lifted up again and become equipped with new legs that are soft and tender. In this way they will keep undergoing intense and excruciating pain. Terrified, with gloomy faces and their arms, legs, and all their other body parts drained of power, they will keep falling within the three thousand leagues that Precipices and Abysses encompasses.
下未到地，雕鷲烏狗獯狐食之，風復更舉。彼惡風觸如火如刀，舉令在上，更復食之，如是上下，乃過無量百千年歲。
2. 1043 “At some point, they will be swept up by the wind of karmic action, only to be dropped down again. When that happens, they will be eaten by cranes, ravens, vultures, and owls. Again, a razor-sharp wind that burns like fire will sweep them up and toss them down, and they will once more be eaten by such creatures. Thus they will spend many hundreds of thousands of years, continuously lifted and dropped.
若離彼處，更復走向旋轉印孔地獄之處，到彼處已，在下則有千輻輪生，輪金剛軸，焰利速轉。彼地獄人即於到時，其輪疾轉，一輪破身、一輪破頭，於彼破處熱焰脂出，兩眼消洋。
2. 1044 “When at some point they escape that condition, they will rush in the direction of a place known as the Hole Marked by Spinning Wheels. That place features flaming wheels with a thousand spokes and hubs made of vajra. The wheels spin extremely quickly and when one comes close to them, they descend upon one’s body. One wheel will saw through one’s brain, thereby causing tremendous pain, as the brain is ground all the way down to the eyes.
復有二輪轉在兩肩，破兩肩骨，一切消洋。於其兩手各有一輪，其輪疾轉猶如攢火，火生於手。有二種火：一是輪火，一是攢火。肉中出火，如是鐵輪焰燃疾轉，彼人身骨一切碎壞，疾轉破碎令如沙摶。
Likewise, at each of the shoulders a wheel will spin, reducing the bones and marrow to dust. Wheels will also appear at both of one’s arms and, as the friction makes them burst into flames, they are thus consumed by twofold fire. [F.257.a] Likewise, a flaming wheel will spin into the chest, crushing and cleaving all the bones and reducing them to powder.
又復背上火輪千輻，速疾而轉，從於背骨乃至跨骨到人根處。復有鐵鎖兩頭繫柱，罪人在上，推令來去，次第摽之，入於熟藏，復入生藏，破生藏已，次斷其腸。又令大坐，髀上輪生，疾轉破髀。內踝輪生，破骨髓出，足下鐵鉤破其兩足，受大苦惱。惡業行人如是無量百千年歲，受阿鼻苦，堅鞕惡苦，不可忍耐，自業所作。
Red-hot iron will be pressing against the back of the hell being while a thousand- spoked wheel will spin there, cutting through and crushing all the bones of the back. An iron weapon 140 will appear at the genitals, beating into them as if it were a stick used for making fire by friction. Thus, this weapon will pull off the genitals and perforate both the lower and upper intestines. Other wheels will appear at the knees and cut through them, while still other wheels crush the ankles and drain them of their marrow. Finally, spikes will appear from below, piercing the soles of the feet. Such are the extraordinary, viciously excruciating experiences of the consequences of one’s own actions, as they are experienced for many hundreds of thousands of years in the hell of Ultimate Torment.
若離彼處受惡苦惱，望歸望救疾走異處。彼既走已，見有大山，走赴彼山，多有異虫，虫身焰燃滿彼山中。彼地獄人入黑虫處，彼黑虫身其觸如焰，如是黑虫食彼罪人，分分分散碎壞如塵，苦惱唱喚。
2. 1045 If one succeeds in escaping this condition, one will flee while still suffering from the tortures. When thus fleeing in pursuit of safety, refuge, and protection, one will see a great mountain and rush toward it. However, the mountain will turn out to be full of insects 141 whose major and minor body parts are all ablaze. Soon the hell being will find himself surrounded by these biting insects, which are burning hot like fire, and the creatures will then consume every particle of his body.
以唱喚故，焰燃黑虫即入其口，從咽喉等乃至熟藏入已而食，彼人極受堅惡苦惱。若彼罪人造作惡業，五逆阿鼻、十不善業，和合業同，相似受果，如是無量百千年歲，黑虫所食受大苦惱。
When the hell being screams aloud, the insects will enter his mouth and from there work their way through his throat and intestines, gobbling up everything in their path and thus inflicting unbearable pain. [F.257.b] In this way, experiencing effects that accord with one’s causal misdeeds —one’s acts that led to Ultimate Torment, and one’s pursuit of the ten unvirtuous actions —one will continue to suffer the torture inflicted by these insects for many hundreds of thousands of years.
若離彼處，復見食肉畜生之林，多饒惡狗、野干師子、熊羆虎等，疾走往趣。既到彼已，為諸惡獸分分分張而噉食之，破頭食腦。有食咽者，有食頭者，有食肩者，有食胸者，有食腹者，有食腸者、食腸根者、食大腸者、食小腸者、食熟藏者、食生藏者，有食髀者，有食踹者、食足趺者，彼人如是食已復生，初生軟嫰，以軟嫩故，更食苦重，食已肉生。
2. 1046 “Should one escape that state, one will next run through a forest, but will there be caught by various predators —lions, tigers, leopards, and bears — who will gobble one up. Some will extract the brain and consume it. Others will feed on one’s thighs, colon, intestines, stomach, bile ducts, knees, legs, or feet. Yet, whenever they devour something, a new and extremely tender replacement will immediately grow back. In this way those beasts will continue to feed on one’s tender and continuously self-restoring body, thereby causing tremendous pain.
又多殺生作集惡業，受惡果故。彼地獄人如是無量百千年歲，彼地獄處受惡業果，惡業惡果無異相似，不可譬喻。
Such are the effects of the completed and accumulated acts of killing, and in this way one will continue to experience the consequences of one’s own extraordinarily unwholesome actions for many hundreds of thousands of years.
