1.No. 721正法念處經，元魏婆羅門瞿曇般若流支譯
2.藏譯英The Application of Mindfulness of the Sacred Dharma, Saddharma smṛtyupasthāna https://read.84000.co/translation/toh287.html.
地獄品之五
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處，彼處名為受堅苦惱不可忍耐，是彼地獄第三別處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見聞知：若人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒，樂行多作，墮彼地獄生受堅苦不可忍處，業及果報如前所說。復有妄語。何者妄語？若王、王等、官人執持，若因於他、若自因緣、若因與物得脫怖畏，若餘人證、若為生活如是妄語。
2. 610 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a hell realm known as Sharp and Unbearable Pain. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and so see how certain kings and ministers, under the pretext of being genuinely concerned with their realm, its finances, and the lives of its people, [F.191.b] act instead for their own personal benefit and thus inflict grave harm on others.
彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄生受堅苦不可忍處，受大苦惱。
When they later separate from their bodies, they will fall into the lower realms, taking birth in the hell of Sharp and Unbearable Pain.
所謂苦者：以惡業故，自身生蛇，一切身中處處遍行，遍挽其筋，地獄因緣遍食身分、食脾腸等，在內宛轉，如是苦惱重於火苦。
2. 611 “The beings in that realm will experience the following tortures. From their bodies will emerge worms produced by karmic action, and those worms will spread throughout their entire bodies, entering all their organs and severing all their muscles. The worms will eat up the flesh of the beings of this hell, consume their lungs, and cause them unbearable experiences. The agonies of these hell beings are like an excruciating fire, and they only continue to increase.
如是彼處受大蛇苦、受惡毒苦，嚴利於火，受如是苦無有邊際。彼地獄處所受苦惱堅[革*卬]叵耐，不可具說。彼地獄苦不可忍耐，而復不死，於一切時受極重苦，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
They are like the burning pain of poison, extremely aggravating, fierce, scorching, and difficult to bear. Thus, the excruciating effects of these hell beings’ previous evil livelihoods cannot be expressed in words, and until their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, they will continue to boil.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，既在母胎，母即常病。惡業力故，從初在胎乃至出時，母病不差，若得出胎，即生即病，一切醫師所不能治。是本惡業餘殘果報。
2. 612 “When one finally escapes that hell, one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of effects that accord with the relevant causal actions, one’s mother will be sick throughout her pregnancy and, as soon as one emerges from her womb, the force of one’s misdeeds will afflict one with illnesses that gradually intensify and become completely incurable. [B10]
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名隨意壓，是彼地獄第四別處。眾生何業生於彼處？是作集業生於彼處，彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒及以妄語，樂行多作，墮彼地獄隨意壓處。殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒業及果報，如前所說。
2. 613 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell, 74 he will perceive a hell realm [F.192.a] known as Incomparable Harm. Inquiring into what completed and accumulated karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will, as in the previous cases, see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, and lying.
何者妄語？所謂：有人認他田地、奪他田地，鬪諍妄語，曲迴而說、不正直說；劫他田地，言語壓他，自取道理。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄隨意壓處。
Thus, in order to amass land for the cultivation of sugarcane and other crops, certain people may employ lies and fraudulence to claim and steal away the land of others, such as the irrigation mounds that surround the fields. As in that way they deceive others with their lies, they will later, upon separating from their body, fall into the lower realms and take birth in the hell of Incomparable Harm.
受壓苦惱。所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。活等地獄諸地獄人見此地獄，皆悉指言：『彼是地獄！』
2. 614 “The beings in that realm will experience pain as they undergo all the same ordeals that are otherwise experienced in the Reviving Hell, and the other hells. Moreover, the specific tortures that these hell beings undergo are as follows.
所謂苦者：二鐵韛囊，風滿其中，閻魔羅人置彼罪人在鐵爐中，亦如置鐵，以韛極吹，鐵鉗鉗之在鐵砧上鐵椎打之，如是打已，復置爐中，以二鐵韛吹之如前。以罪業故，惡熱甚熾，吹已復吹，吹已鉗出置鐵砧上，以熱鐵椎極打、連打、多打、急打，如是打已，猶活不死。又復鉗之置鑊湯中，竪之令堅，一切時爾不曾暫停。乃至惡業壞爛無氣，彼地獄中爾乃得脫。
Just as when a blacksmith uses bellows filled with air to heat iron to be beaten and hammered, the henchmen of the Lord of Death use bellows to fan the flames and melt these hell beings. Thus, all the heat created by karmic action will fan and melt these beings as they are beaten and flattened like a piece of iron. They will then revive, only to be thrown into a pot where they continue to boil like lentils, until finally their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，常渴、多瞋，人所不信，是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 615 “When they finally escape this hell, they may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of effects that accord with the relevant causal actions, they will always suffer from thirst, be aggressive, and not be trusted by anyone.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名一切闇，是彼地獄第五別處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒及以妄語，樂行多作，墮彼地獄一切闇處。殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒業及果報，如前所說。
2. 616 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues [F.192.b] to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell he will perceive a hell known as Total Darkness. When inquiring into what karmic actions one must engage in, become habituated to, and increase in order to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, and alcohol consumption.
何者妄語？所謂：有人姦他婦女，於眾人前、若於王前妄語說言：『如是婦女，我實不犯。』令彼女家，返得殃罰。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄一切闇處。
Moreover, in terms of lying, some people sleep with another man’s woman, and then later, at the royal court, they deny having done so, thus causing harm to the woman’s husband. Upon separating from their bodies, such people will fall into the lower realms and take birth in the hell of Total Darkness.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者：劈頭出舌，出已刀割，割已復生，復以炎刀苦痛割之。如是無量百千年歲，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
2. 617 “The beings in that realm will experience the following tortures. Their skulls will be cleaved open from the top and their tongues will be cut off and extracted through the ensuing hole. This severance of the tongue will recur, because whenever their tongue is cut off, a new one will grow out in its place, only to be amputated again. Thus, until their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, their tongues will be cut off with flaming weapons 75 throughout many hundreds of thousands of years.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，生盲耳聾，常在道頭、若四出巷乞索活命。自身如是，得如是人以為父母，經無量家乞求而活，壽命不長，無妻無子。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 618 “When one finally escapes this hell, one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of effects that accord with the relevant causal actions, one will then be blind and deaf. Straight from birth one will be destitute, having to beg for food along highways and at road crossings. One will wander from door to door in search of food, have a short life, and be shunned even by one’s own spouse and children.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名人闇煙，是彼地獄第六別處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見聞知：若人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒及以妄語，樂行多作，墮彼地獄人闇煙處。殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒業及果報，如前所說。
2. 619 “Next, the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions will examine the neighboring region of the Great Howling Hell 76 known as Blinding Smoke. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing [F.193.a] and thus see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, and alcohol consumption.
何者妄語？所謂：有人治生活命，共他立要，香火為契，異處治生，實得財物，妄語說言：『我不得物。』而不共分。彼人如是即是大賊，劫他財物。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄人闇煙處。
As for lying, in order to maximize their profit, there are businesspeople who falsely claim that a business agreement entitles them, and not others, to certain goods. In this way they manage to steal the goods through lies and treachery. Upon separating from their bodies, however, they will fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell of Blinding Smoke.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。
2. 620 “The beings in that realm will experience the following tortures. Just as in the case of the Reviving Hell and so forth, their extremely tender bodies will be cut asunder.
復有勝者，所謂：此中一切身分皆悉遍割；割已復生，生則軟嫩，彼復更割；割已復生，生更軟嫩，而復更割，是彼惡業苦報麁報，一切肉盡，唯有骨在；自身生虫，虫金剛嘴，其虫炎然種種雜色，而食其身；受種種苦，唱聲大喚。彼地獄人如是無量百千年歲，乃至作集惡業破壞、無氣爛盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
The beings of this hell thus scream as all their major and minor body parts are chopped to bits. Yet in another fierce ripening that accords with their causal, negative acts, their tender bodies will reemerge whenever they have been cut up. While the beings of this hell are crying out, their bones remain sensitive even after six months. 77 Then, from their bodies will appear multicolored worms that have vajra beaks and flaming mouths. They will gnaw on the bones and break them, thereby producing excruciating agony. This will continue for many hundreds of thousands of years until finally their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，一切身分皆悉爛臭，頭生濕虫，常無衣服貧窮困苦，設有少者，一切補納，所有語言一切不信，人所不愛，不知治生，是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 621 “Once one escapes this hell one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of effects that accord with the relevant causal actions, one’s body will stink, one’s head or clothing will be home to bugs born from heat and moisture, and one will live in abject poverty. One’s lips and face will be thin like a needle and one’s life will be short. One’s words will not be trusted, [F.193.b] one will not be appreciated, and one will live a life of deprivation.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處，彼處名為如飛虫墮，是彼地獄第七別處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒及以妄語，樂行多作，墮彼地獄如飛虫墮別異處生。殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒業及果報，如前所說。
2. 622 “Next, the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions will examine the neighboring region of the Great Howling Hell, inquiring into what karmic actions may cause beings to be born there. With knowledge derived from hearing he will examine the hell known as Dropping Dead Like Moths. He will see that birth there is due to resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, and alcohol consumption.
何者妄語？所謂：有人取眾僧物，若穀、若衣，隨何物等處處販賣，賤買貴賣；既得利已，不與眾僧，言不得利，欺誑眾僧。如是之人貪心妄語，作如是言：『我唯得此，更無有餘。我所治生唯得爾許。』如是之人治生妄語。如是癡人，貪心所作。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄如飛虫墮別異處生。
As for lying, one may obtain on behalf of the saṅgha goods, food, or clothing, and then sell it to members of the for saṅgha for more than the purchase price. Out of craving, one thus deceives saṅgha members by reselling items for a higher price, all the while claiming that on is merely giving them away at cost. Thus, out of attachment to business, they will lie to and deceive the ignorant parties. When they later separate from their bodies, they will fall into the lower realms, taking birth in the hell known as Dropping Dead Like Moths.
受大苦惱，所謂苦者：彼有鐵狗齧破其腹，破已食之——食腸、食背，閻魔羅人手執斤斧，斧熱炎熾，斤其身肉以稱稱之，一兩、半兩與狗令食。
2. 623 “The beings in that realm will experience the following tortures. Dogs will bite through their abdomens and wolf down their bowels. The henchmen of the Lord of Death will hack lumps of flesh off their backs with a meat cleaver and weigh them in whole and half ounces on a scale. They will then feed the dogs with that flesh.
斤斧甚利，復斤其骨，為取其髓，用與狗故；熱炎鐵鉤，鉤其頷下，既令破已，熱炎鐵鉗拔舌令出，驅令使起，熱炎鐵鉤，鉤其身體，肉皆破裂，如是拔筋，一切身分皆悉遍鉤。如是妄語行惡業人，自作惡業，自如是食。
Likewise, in pursuit of the bone marrow they will split their bones open with sharp cleavers. With flaming pliers, they will proceed to pierce their throats and draw out their tongues. They will stab flaming spikes into all their major and minor body parts, cutting out the flesh and severing the tendons. Thus, as a consequence of their own misdeeds, these beings will experience the painful results of having engaged in lying.
彼妄語人如是業熟，既得免離閻魔羅人，有大熾火滿地獄中，間無空處，妄語罪人入火地獄如飛虫墮，如是常燒，燒已復生，生已復燒。如是無量百千年歲，乃至作集惡業破壞、無氣爛盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
2. 624 “Once the beings of that hell succeed in escaping the henchmen of the Lord of Death, they will plunge into a fire that constantly burns. Thus, until their negative acts have been overcome, [F.194.a] relinquished, and exhausted, they will, just like moths, continue to take birth, burn, and then take such a birth again and again throughout many hundreds of thousands of years.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，生在貧窮下賤之家，生便被燒，設有多人嚴峻防備，而必被燒，是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 625 “When one finally escapes this hell, one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of effects that accord with the relevant causal actions, one will then be poor, deficient, destitute, and belong to a social class controlled by others. Even if one has been protected very well since infancy, one will nevertheless be burned by fire.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名死活等，是彼地獄第八別處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見聞知：若人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒，復有妄語，樂行多作，墮彼地獄死活等處。
2. 626 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell, he will perceive a neighboring hell known as Instant Revival Upon Death. 78 Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, and lying. Based on such acts one will, when separating from one’s body, fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell of Instant Revival Upon Death.
如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具足，復有異苦，謂：以杖打即死，却杖即活。如是無量百千年歲，死已復活，活已復死，彼人如是以惡業故。
2. 627 “In that realm one will experience all the same tortures that the beings of the Reviving Hell, and so forth, must endure. In particular, the beings in this hell are bludgeoned by hammers, and these blows cause instant death. However, as soon as they have died from the hammer blows, they will immediately come back to life, only to be hit and die once more. Thus, the beings of this hell will constantly be born and die again for many hundreds of thousands of years.
若得脫已，次復更見優鉢羅林，疾走往向，望救望歸，見優鉢羅滿中青花。
2. 628 “Once they become free from that experience of the consequences of their misdeeds, they will perceive a grove of blue lotus flowers. Searching for protection they will rush ahead, only to find that the flowers are ablaze with blue fire.
是何妄語所得果報？所謂：有人非出家人，為作賊故，著出家服，見有多人欲行曠野而問之言：『彼曠野處為有賊不？』彼知有賊，即答言：『無。』彼人到已，為賊劫奪，亡失財物。妄語誑他，彼信因緣，如業相似，相似得果。見優鉢羅滿中青光，而悉是火。
How might such an effect of lying occur? [F.194.b] Plotting to kill traveling merchants in a dangerous region, certain bandits masquerade as monks who promise the merchant parties that the path to a given location is safe. Then, when the merchants proceed to confidently travel onward, the bandits lie in wait for them at the dangerous location. Such a destructive act serves as a condition for ending up in the blue lotus full of blue embers.
閻魔羅人執之，扶著優鉢羅中，以火燒之，以無足故不能得下。如是惡業相似勢力，令彼罪人手足眼目，一切皆無。如是地獄，優鉢羅中大火充滿，如是無量百千年歲常被燒煮，死而復活。乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
There one’s feet will be burned away, and it will be impossible to get out again. Thus, by the power of an act of that type one’s hands, legs, and eyes will be consumed and, until the relevant negative acts been overcome,relinquished, and exhausted, one will in this way continue to burn and boil within the blue lotus of burning embers, coming to life again as soon as one has been killed by the flames, for many hundreds of thousands of years.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，所有言語不依道理，自出心語，曲迴言說；設得財物，為王所奪，繫獄而死。是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 629 “When one finally escapes this hell, one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in accordance with the relevant causal actions, one will become a con artist. Whatever wealth one may have gathered will be confiscated by the authorities and one will die in prison.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名異異轉，是彼地獄第九別處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒及以妄語，樂行多作，墮彼地獄異異轉處。殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒業及果報，如前所說。
2. 630 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring hell known as Mutation. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, and alcohol consumption.
何者妄語？所謂：有人諂曲妄語，欲令他人勝負、衰利、死活等故。所謂：有人若陰陽師，善知卜術，卜事皆當，若有德人，常出實語，世人所信，復有因緣，他人所問，作如是意：『我不妄語，一切皆知，一切人信。我今妄語，人皆謂實。』如是念已，即作妄語。
As for lying, some people speak lies in order to create divisions, or to kill others, or to gain victory, all the while claiming to always speak the truth. In this way the whole world might end up believing them, thinking that they speak the truth.
以妄語故，能令國土一切亡失，若勝人死，令他怨者迭相劫奪亡失財物。彼妄語人，一切所信，信其妄語。
Thus, proceeding with all kinds of lies, they may [F.195.a] succeed in conquering territory, killing prominent people, and robbing their enemies of their possessions. At the same time, they may successfully declare that they have always been honest, and so they may even enjoy the world’s trust and confidence.
彼妄語人正行形服，而實是賊。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄異異轉處。
Such liars will thus appear to be decent, upright people while in fact they are thieving con artists. When they later separate from their bodies, they will fall into the lower realms, taking birth in the hell known as Mutation.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者：彼地獄處遠見父母奴僕知識、香火善友，是本人中先所見者，於地獄中而安慰之，彼地獄人既聞愛語，疾走往赴，望救望歸。彼人如是走赴異處，入灰火中，如石墮水，沒已復出，一切身分受大苦惱，唱聲大喚。
2. 631 “The beings in that realm will experience the following tortures. In the distance they will perceive their parents, servants, friends, and loved ones, and they will hear them speaking delightful words. Thus, in their yearning, they will run toward them in search of safety, refuge, and protection. However, as they draw near, they will find themselves sinking into a lake of burning embers, disappearing into it as when stones are thrown into the water. When they resurface and escape the embers, all their major and minor body parts will have been burned, and so they will moan in excruciating pain.
復見父母妻子、香火善友知識，復更走赴，以惡業故，道生鐵鉤，鉤攫其體，既到復為閻魔羅人之所執持，炎燃鐵鋸，解劈其身猶如劈木。
2. 632 “Once more they will perceive their parents, children, wives, and friends, and hasten toward them. Produced by karmic action, saw-wielding henchmen of the Lord of Death will, however, appear in their path and apprehend them. Thus, seized by the henchmen, they will be sawn in the middle like pieces of wood.
如是罪人若脫彼處，唯有骨在，一切身分皆悉破裂，走向異處，更為其餘閻魔羅人執著炎火鐵刀輪中。彼鐵刀輪上下皆有。以惡業故，如是鐵輪利刀遍滿，彼輪疾轉，炎火熾燃，磨彼妄語惡業之人碎如麨末，末已復生。
Even if they should succeed in escaping, they will be left with only bare skin and bones, marred with horrible wounds. All their limbs and body parts will have been pierced and cut asunder. In that condition they will then run away as best they can, only to be apprehended once more. The Lord of Death’s henchmen will then attach them to a flaming wheel, created by their karmic action, and they will spin like a bucket on a waterwheel through a pit filled with stones. Circling on this wheel, such liars will thus be crushed and reduced to dust.
彼地獄人輪處得脫，復見父母妻子、香火善友知識，望救望歸，疾走往赴，以惡業故，既如是走，道上多生熱炎鐵鉤，有惡師子——惡業所生——執彼罪人置於口中，在牙齒間，閻魔羅人熱炎鐵鉤鉤之令出，出已思念而復更走。
2. 633 “Once they escape this flaming wheel, they will again perceive their parents, [F.195.b] friends, and loved ones. Yearning for safety, refuge, and protection, they will press on toward them. But now their path will be full of spikes produced by karmic action, and they will encounter tigers, also produced by karmic action, that will sink their fangs into them. When they tear themselves away from the tigers’ jaws, they will run, fully conscious, while the flaming sharp spikes lacerate them.
既如是走，其足破裂，火炎極燒，一切身分皆悉破壞，燒燃焦爛，猶走不止，遍身是瘡，彼罪人身骨脈皆盡。是彼妄語樂行多作，相似業因，相似得果。
The feet and legs of the hell beings to be cut, slashed, severed, and scorched. Their limbs and organs will be penetrated and torn asunder, and their bodies will burn and be completely decimated, including their veins, sinews, bones, and all the other remaining parts of their bodies. 79 Such are the effects that accord with resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing the causal actions of lying.
如彼人說：『我實語人。』而作妄語、諂曲心語、抂謗他語，如是彼人見有父母妻子、香火善知識等。彼妄語人如是久受無邊苦惱堅[革*卬]利苦，如是無量百千年歲常煮常燒、常劈常打，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
In this way, those who claim to speak truthfully yet misinform, deceive, and mislead others will have to watch their parents, friends, and loved ones suffer. Thus, the tortures associated with lying are fierce, excruciating, and infinite. Until the relevant negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, the beings of this hell will be burned, boiled, cut, and killed for many hundreds of thousands of years.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，貧窮下賤，根闕常病，一切眾人之所憎嫉，一切不信，一切污惡，一切所作唐勞其功，所求不得，是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 634 “When one finally escapes this hell, one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in accordance with one’s causal actions, one will then be poor, sickly, vulgar, and have incomplete faculties. Not trusting anyone, one will be hostile and in general discord with others. All one’s wishes will either come to nothing or bring the opposite result of what one intended.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名唐悕望，是彼地獄第十別處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見聞知：若人殺、盜、邪行、飲酒，復有妄語，樂行多作，墮彼地獄唐悕望處，業及果報如前所說。
2. 635 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell, [F.196.a] he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring hell known as No Hope of Joy. 80 Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and see that such a birth is, in the same way as before, caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, and alcohol consumption.
今說妄語。何者妄語？於苦惱人，若有病人、飢人渴人、貧窮孤獨、下賤癡儜如是等人，若粳米等一切食具、若食若飲、若衣若敷臥具舍等一切皆無，若乞、不乞，許而不與，彼常悕望，後時息心。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄唐悕望處。
As for lying, some people make false promises to donate wealth and material goods to those who suffer and who are ill, sickly, hungry, dejected, unprotected, or destitute. Thus, not living up to their promises, they fail to supply the needy with rice meals, drinks, clothing, bedding, or housing, and so they cause others to lose all hope. When such people later separate from their bodies, they will fall into the lower realms, taking birth in the hell of No Hope of Joy.
受大苦惱。以本許食而後不與，彼惡業故，見地獄中有好種種佉陀尼食、蒲闍尼食，種種妙好莊嚴之處，彼地獄人極大飢渴，疾疾而走趣彼食處，遠見彼食極好甚愛，清潔具足，到已即無，唯見鐵汁熱炎熾燃。
2. 636 “The beings in that realm will experience the following tortures. Having previously failed to give the food they promised to deliver, the beings of this hell will now perceive delicious and beautifully decorated food and drink. While starving in this hell, they will perceive in the distance the type of delightful meal that they are yearning for.
既趣彼食，疾疾而走，以惡業故，滿道鐵鉤，鉤攫其體，乃到彼處，如前所說次第乃至到彼處已，彼所見食，悉為洋鐵熱炎熾燃、大臭色惡，是彼妄語惡業所作。
Yet, as they run toward the feast, their path will be full of spikes and they will encounter flaming saws that will cut them, just as was described earlier. When they finally obtain the food, it will suddenly turn into ugly and foul-smelling balls of red-hot iron. Thus will be the perception produced by their karmic actions.
既近見之，即便墮中，若嗅彼氣，燒鼻墮落。若身觸之，一切身分皆悉炎燃如螢火虫，鐵汁燒脣。既燒脣已，次燒其咽；既燒咽已，次燒其心；既燒心已，次燒其脾；既燒脾已，次燒其腸。如是次第燒生藏已，次燒熟藏；燒熟藏已，從下而出。
When they look closer at the food, the mere sight of it will cause their eyeballs to fall out. When they touch it, the contact will set their major and minor body parts alight, [F.196.b] rendering their bodies similar to those of fireflies. If they taste the food, which is like lumps of red-hot iron, it will first burn their tongues and then gradually consume their throats, hearts, livers, colons, intestines, stomachs, bowels, and so on, through to the lower parts of the body.
又復敷具及臥具等，許布施已，後時不與，彼妄語業，寒熱所逼受大苦惱，無所悕望。彼地獄中熱銅板地，罪人坐已，一切身分皆悉消洋，洋已燒燃，後復更生。
2. 637 “People who first promise to supply bedding and housing, and then fail to deliver those things, will be tormented by cold and heat and fall into despair. As beings of this hell, they will be splayed on the even surface of molten copper and, as their major and minor body parts become submerged in this liquid metal, they will burn.
若人屋舍欲施客人，許而不與，彼妄語業，置歡喜鑊、隨喜鑊中，如是鑊量五十由旬，熱沸鐵汁滿彼鑊中。彼惡業人頭在下入，既入鑊中，或上或下皆悉爛熟，未熟則沈，熟已則浮；既浮出已，復沈在下。如是沸熱，既爛熟已，一切身分皆悉肉脫，筋皮骨散，一切諸節損少減盡。彼鑊甚闇，沸鐵滿中，生燒其身，唱喚號哭。
Such are the effects of ignoring a commitment to provide housing. Similarly, those who have lied in this way will enter a most delightful mansion that measures fifty leagues. Yet the mansion is full of briskly boiling iron, and so the beings of this hell will swirl around, moving from the bottom to the top, and from the top to the bottom, roiling on the surface, or circling at the bottom. As they boil in this way, all their body parts and organs will break apart. Their flesh, sinews, skin, bones, and fat will all fall apart and cook. Then, as they are poured into a pair of cooking pots, everything will go pitch black. Tormented and enraged, they will cry out.
彼既煮已，復入餘鑊，鑊中煮熟，熟則浮出，如初鑊煮，此中亦爾。如是上下，或出或入，彼諸罪人或合一處、或時分散，若相近時極熱相觸，如是相觸一百千倒，身體破為一百千段而復更生。又復更與餘諸罪人極熱相觸，如是相觸一百千倒，身體破為一百千段，是本妄語惡業羂縛，於一切時受如是苦。如是乃至彼妄語人惡不善業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
First, they will be cooked in one iron jar and then poured into another one to boil there. As this happens, the hell beings will collide with each other and their bodies will break into hundreds and thousands of pieces. They will then reassemble, only to once again collide with other hell beings. Thus, until their acts of lying have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted,they will remain bound by the chains of karmic action, having to be destroyed again and again, innumerably many hundreds of thousands of times.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，生則為奴，屬本前世所誑之人，以前世時許而不與，是故如是。或復繫屬餘人為奴，彼人異業。
2. 638 “When one finally escapes this hell, one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, [F.197.a] avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of effects that accord with the relevant causal actions, one will be born into a family of slaves, or the like, and will experience events that accord with one’s own previous false promises.
何以故？以無始來生生輪轉，無始以來造作種種惡不善業，如是世間生死所攝，處處流轉，難相值故，喜愛業繩之所繫縛，是故輪轉處處異故，不可相值。以此因緣，或時復與異人為奴，常離飲食臥具屋舍、隨病醫藥，常為大家之所罵辱，是彼惡業餘殘果報。
Within beginningless cyclic existence, harm is also without beginning, as the engagements in virtuous and unvirtuous actions create a continuum that extends throughout cyclic existence. This continuum of karmic action and the craving that coincides with desire will together create trauma. Thus, in the present case, one will become a slave, lacking food, drink, a dwelling place, and medical facilities, and one’s master will always be abusive.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名雙逼惱，是彼地獄第十一處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒，樂行多作，墮彼地獄雙逼惱處，業及果報如前所說。
2. 639 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell, he will notice the workings of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, and alcohol consumption in the same way as before.
復有妄語。何者妄語？謂：邑子中、社等會中，若我慢心、若因瞋心、若相憎嫉或相鬪諍，妄語而說，自他俱誑、自他破壞，以作如是妄語因緣，彼處眾中令他得罰，心生歡喜。
As for lying, some people go before an association of craftsmen and, out of arrogance, anger, or malice, unjustly accuse one of its members of having broken the rules of the association. Thus, they may cause an innocent man to be punished and expelled from the association. In this way they deceive both themselves and others.
彼如是業多作究竟，作而復集。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄雙逼惱處，受大苦惱。
If one resorts to, becomes habituated to, and continuously repeats such acts —completing and accumulating them —one will, upon separating from one’s body, fall into the lower realms and be born in the hell known as Mutual Harm.
彼人如是社會等中，妄語惡說，以如是因、如是因緣，身壞命終墮彼地獄，在雙逼惱別異處生。
That is to say, due to the causes and conditions associated with having caused harm before an association, one will, upon separating from one’s body, be born in the hell known as Mutual Harm.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者：如活、黑繩、合、叫喚等諸地獄中前所說者，此中轉勝。以惡業故，彼處則有炎牙師子。彼惡師子取彼妄語地獄罪人，如前所說種種苦惱。
2. 640 “The beings in that realm will experience torture as they undergo all the same ordeals that are otherwise experienced in the hells of Reviving, Black Line, Crushing, Howling, and so forth, just as explained before. [F.197.b] Specific to this hell produced by karma is, moreover, the encounter with a lion that has flaming fangs. Here, the hell being who previously told lies will, on top of having to undergo the tortures that were mentioned previously, again and again be devoured by that lion.
既得脫已，為彼師子舉而食之，舉食則死，下之則活。又復食其一切身分，食已復生，生已復食。
Whenever the lion opens its mouth, the hell being will revive, only to be gobbled up once more. Thus, these beings will be healed and eaten, healed and eaten, again and again.
以惡業故令彼師子齒機關中炎火充滿，以如是齒食彼罪人，罪業力故，師子口中被齧被燒，受兩種苦。如是無量百千年歲常被燒壓，受大苦惱，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
Moreover, between the teeth of this lion produced by karma glow burning embers and, as one enters its mouth, one is also immediately burned by fire. Until finally the evil acts of lying have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, one will suffer unimaginable tortures for many hundreds of thousands of years.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，惡業力故，或為蛇螫而致命終，或為師子虎熊所殺而噉食之，是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 641 “When one finally escapes this hell, one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of effects that accord with the relevant causal actions, one will then be killed by snakes, lions, tigers, or bears.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名迭相壓，是彼地獄第十二處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒及以妄語，樂行多作，墮彼地獄迭相壓處。殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒業及果報，如前所說。
2. 642 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive that one is born there due to killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, and alcohol consumption, and lying.
何者妄語？有兄弟等，有近有遠，兩朋諍對。彼兄弟者或同一父、或同一祖、或異兄弟、或是伯叔，分物鬪諍。有同種姓極遠乃至二十一世，如是人來為作證明，如是等中，為益近者作妄語說，自知非實而故教之以受曲意，方便計挍作妄語說。彼業普遍究竟和集，彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄迭相壓處。
Moreover, when there is a dispute about wealth between two people who belong to the same class, or who share the same father and ancestors, some people may give false testimony motivated by a wish to deceive and blame 81 others in order to side with one of the two disputants, or an uncle, or one side of the family. Those who knowingly carry out such complete acts, including their preparatory and conclusive stages, will, upon separating from their bodies, fall into the lower realms and take birth in the hell of Mutual Harm. [F.198.a]
受大苦惱。所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。復有勝者，彼人妄語誑親惡業，於地獄處有鐵鉸刀，見本人中所誑親者，鉸其身肉，著其口中，驅踧令食，以惡業故自肉不消。
2. 643 “The beings in that realm will experience torture as they undergo all the same ordeals that are otherwise experienced in the hell of Reviving, and so forth. In particular, the people who thus deceive and lie to their own relatives will, in particular, be seized by butchers created by karmic action who will proceed to carve out their flesh and feed it to them —they will be forced to eat their own flesh. Moreover, due to their misdeeds, the flesh of these hell beings will be felt in their mouths as if it were burning iron, and it will not have any taste. In this way, they will be doubly harmed, for while the butchers inflict harm upon their bodies, they will also starve and thirst. Moreover, from the wounds left by the butchers, worms will appear that eat up their bodies down to the bones and marrow. Such are the experiences that result from these misdeeds. Thus, until their negative karmic actions have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, they will continue to suffer in the hell of Mutual Harm for many hundreds of thousands of years.
閻魔羅人說偈責之，而作是言：
實語得安樂，實語得涅槃，妄語生苦果，今來在此受。cf. Dhs.12.31-34
若不捨妄語，則得一切苦，實語不須買，易得而不難。
實非異國來，非從異人來，何故捨實語，喜樂妄語說？ cf. Dhs.12.33, 16.53
實為勝濟口，因實得諸法，實為燈中最，如來如是說。
實為藥中勝，常能破壞苦，作惡非我教，汝自癡心造。cf. Dhs.12.34, cf. Dhs.16.54
汝自作惡業，汝今還自受，業盡乃得脫，唱喚何所解？cf. Dhs.16.55
己為惡業誑，今者徒叫喚，自誑是愚癡，叫喚非黠慧。cf. Dhs.16.56
閻魔羅人如是責疏地獄人已，復與無量百種苦惱，如前所說與大苦惱，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，常為他人之所誑惑，所有財物常為他人之所劫奪，如是苦惱，得財物已而復亡失，為一切人之所不信，是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 644 “When one finally escapes this hell, one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of effects that accord with the relevant causal actions, one will not obtain the wealth of one’s father and ancestors. Neither will one be considered trustworthy, and one will live in poverty.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處，彼處名為金剛嘴烏，是彼地獄第十三處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見聞知：若何等人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒，復有妄語，樂行多作，墮彼地獄金剛嘴烏別異處生。
2. 680 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring hell known as Ravens with Vajra-Like Beaks. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing [F.202.a] and thus see that such birth is caused by resorting to, becoming habituated to, and increasing acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, alcohol consumption, and lying. Thereby one will, when separating from one’s body, fall into the lower realms and take birth in the hell of Ravens with Vajra-Like Beaks.
彼前活等諸地獄中所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒業及果報，如前所說。
2. 681 “All the sufferings found in the Reviving and other hells can also be found in this one.
今說妄語，所謂：若人於眾僧中，許與病者隨病醫藥而後不與。彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄金剛嘴烏別異處生。
In terms of lying, those who have promised to provide medical assistance to an assembly of monks, but then fail do as promised, will by the power of such acts fall into the hell of Ravens with Vajra-like beaks as soon as they separate from their bodies.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者：本許不與惡業所作，金剛嘴烏啄其身肉而噉食之。既啄肉已，即彼啄處還復更生，生則軟嫩猶如蓮華，以軟嫩故極受大苦。如是更啄，啄已復生，軟嫩於前而復更啄，受苦轉增。彼地獄人如是無量百千年歲為烏所食。
In that realm they will undergo the following tortures. They will be preyed upon by ravens that tear out their flesh with their vajra-like beaks and eat it. Yet the very moment that the ravens dig out the flesh of a hell being it will grow out again, delicate and soft like a lotus flower. Inflicting tremendous pain, the birds will once again pluck and dig out the flesh, which will then simply restore itself, fresh and delicate. Thus, these hell beings will be tortured for many hundreds of thousands of years, as the ravens keep eating their flesh with their vajra-like beaks.
既脫彼處，次第復生熾火炎燃鐵沙之中，彼地獄人足蹈熱沙，為沙所燒，一切身分，灰亦叵得。又復更生，自食其舌，食已復生；食已復生，舌妄語故，為人所食。彼妄語人妄語說故，還自食舌。
2. 682 “Once one escapes these birds, one will then come to a stretch of sand that contains burning iron. As one attempts walking upon it, one will burn until not even one’s ashes remain. One will then be restored, and the same thing will happen once again. Those who lied and spoke evil, falsity, and untruth will see this happen again and again, and so they will even come to eat their own tongues.
爾時，世尊而說偈言：
甘露及毒藥，皆在人舌中，實語成甘露，妄言則為毒。 cf. Dhs.12.35-38
2. 683 “At this point, there are some verses: “Ambrosia and poison Lie on the tongues of human beings — Telling the truth is ambrosia; Telling lies is like poison.
若人須甘露，彼人住實語；若人須毒者，彼人妄語說。
2. 684 “Those wishing for ambrosia Will abide by the truth. Those fond of poison [F.202.b] Will lying.
毒不決定死，妄語則決定，若人妄語說，彼得言死人。
2. 685 “That poison will harm you is not certain, But it is certain that lying will. The person who lied before Is going to die.
妄語不自利，亦不益他人，若自他不樂，云何妄語說？ cf. Dhs.12.38
2. 686 “Since lying will not benefit oneself, How could it benefit others? Why would people practice that Which harms both themselves and others?
若人惡分別，喜樂妄語說，蜚墮火刀上，得如是苦惱。
2. 687 “Indulging in lies will in this way Create nothing but evil. No weapon, fire, or abyss Can bring people such suffering.
毒害雖甚惡，唯能殺一身，妄語惡業者，百千身破壞。cf. Dhs.12.39-43
2. 688 “We may observe that poison robs you Of just one body, and thus causes death. Lying, however, will lay waste to Thousands of your successive lives.
智者說實語，是凡人正法，戒人為莊嚴，能示解脫道。
2. 689 “Truth is deemed to be What elevates honorable beings And ornaments lowly ones. It is a teacher on the path of liberation.
眾生自作業，為愛水所漂，善逝說實語，為第一船栰。
2. 690 “ ‘For sentient beings who are carried away By their own actions and cravings, There is no better ship than truth’ — This is what the sugatas teach.
無始終世間，愛羂之所縛，唯實能救解，法主如是說。
2. 691 “The world has no beginning and no end, As it is controlled by the noose of craving. Hence, there is no other refuge than truth — This is what the wise understand.
實能斬煩惱，斧能斬斫樹，刀斧斬猶生，實語斬不爾。
2. 692 “Afflictions are always destroyed by truth Like the naked by a weapon. Those struck by weapons may scream, But the truth makes no one cry.
實能益二世，故說不盡財，出處不可盡，一切法中勝。
2. 693 “Benefiting both worlds, Truth is known as the inexhaustible treasure. This is the universal moral law And an inexhaustible wealth.
說此實功德，能生大樂果，智者捨妄語，諦見人皆捨。
2. 694 “The qualities accomplished by the truth Are delightful and magnificent results. Intelligent people should give up deceit, Which is given up by those who see reality.
捨實語人，金剛嘴烏如是無量百千年歲常燒常食，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
2. 695 “Thus, those who have forsaken the truth will, until their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, continue to be tormented in the realm of Ravens with Vajra-Like Beaks.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，數數鬪諍，常墮負處，一切世人不信其語，是彼惡業餘殘果報。具足妄語不實之人，到極苦惱地獄惡處，受惡果報。
2. 696 “When one finally escapes this hell, one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, [F.203.a] and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of karmic effects in accordance with the causal actions of lying, which carry one to hell on account of being in conflict with the truth, one will thereby be involved in constant fighting and rampant quarreling. Others will always come out victorious, and no one in the world will believe what one says.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名火鬘處，是彼地獄第十四處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒，業及果報如前所說。
2. 645 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring hell known as Forest of Continuous Flames. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such a birth is caused by killing, stealing, [F.198.b] and sexual misconduct, as well as serving intoxicating grain wine and other alcoholic beverages.
復有妄語，所謂：有人於吉會中違制犯法，眾人皆言：『汝有所犯。』彼人畏罰，妄語說言：『我實不犯。』彼人以是惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄生火鬘處。
As for lying, some people may join an association of powerful people, do something wrong, and then deny their misdeed out of fear of punishment. When they later separate from their bodies, they will fall into the lower realms and take birth in the hell known as Forest of Continuous Flames.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。復有勝者，所謂：鐵板熾火炎燃，閻魔羅人執地獄人置鐵板上，復以鐵板置罪人上，努力揩磨，一切身分為血肉泥，其色甚赤如金舒迦炎色赤樹。鐵板壓之故令如是。若彼地獄閻魔羅人發却鐵板，彼地獄人脂血肉末遍滿身體。
2. 646 “The beings in that realm will experience torture as they undergo the combined ordeals that are otherwise experienced in the hell of Reviving, and so forth. In particular, 82 they will be held against a burning metal plate where weapons rain down on them so that their blood and flesh become like mush, or like kiṃśuka trees. The iron plate will thus become attached to their bodies. As the hell beings wail, the henchmen of the Lord of Death will then forcefully scrape off the flesh, fat, and blood that are now stuck to the metal plate.
既受此苦，是故於彼閻魔羅人生大怖畏，走向異處望救望歸，見有大河，若受苦時，滿中熱灰。於前與苦閻魔羅人生怖畏故，直入彼河。
2. 647 “Once they are free from this hell, they will perceive an acid river known as The Hour of Death. 83 The hell beings there yearn for protection and refuge, and are oppressed and terrified by the Lord of Death’s henchmen. Thus, upon seeing the river they will haul their ruined bodies toward it and, panicking in fear of the Lord of Death’s henchmen, they will plunge into the river.
既入河已，筋節機關一切身分皆悉消洋，如生酥塊而復不死，是彼惡業之勢力故。彼地獄處竹林稠密，一切火燃。
The streaming acid will immediately attack all their major and minor body parts and dissolve their bodies, burning their skin and bones. As the acid burns their flesh, their bodies will dissolve into the river like melting lumps of butter. Still, due to the force of their misdeeds, they do not die. Instead, they will now enter a burning forest, which is as dense as a stack of bamboo leaves.
如此人間，大風起時，火燒乾林，不燒眾生。彼火鬘處，眾生遍滿被燒熾燃，無針頭許而不燒處。既被燒煮，大聲叫喚，四出馳走望救望歸。乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
Within that forest of continuous flames there is nowhere that a sentient being is not burned and consumed by fire, [F.199.a] not even so much as the space of the eye of a needle. Everywhere there are hell beings who yearn for safety and protection as they burn and boil while screaming and running. Until their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted they will not have a moment of relief.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，語言遲難而復不正，自眷屬中少少語言尚不辨了，何況眾中善巧言說，是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 648 “When one finally escapes this hell, one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of effects that accord with the relevant causal actions, one’s language skills will be impaired. One will not be able to learn even the vernacular, not to mention refined speech.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處名受鋒苦，是彼地獄第十五處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒，業及果報如前所說。
2. 649 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring hell known as Long-Lasting Agony. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus see that such a birth is caused by completed and accumulated acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, and alcohol consumption.
復有妄語，所謂：有人先心憶念，隨何等物若多若少，若於佛所、若於眾僧、若於法中許布施已，後時復言：『我實不許。』眾僧常有悕望之心，而後不與，妨廢眾僧；若於餘人許而不與，與彼為妨。彼妄語人作集罪過，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄受鋒苦處。
As for lying, some people make a certain commitment to the Saṅgha, or to the Buddha or the Dharma. Later they may lose courage, however, and deny that it was ever made, even though they remember doing so quite well. If one’s broken promise brings harm to the Saṅgha, such a completed and accumulated act of lying will serve to produce the experience of birth in the hell of Long-Lasting Agony.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。
2. 650 “The beings in that realm will experience torture [F.199.b] as they undergo all the same ordeals that are otherwise experienced in the hell of Reviving, and so forth.
復有勝者，所謂：彼處熱鐵針鋒纖細而長、炎燃極利，閻魔羅人執此利針刺彼罪人，如是罪人受一切苦，發聲大喚。
Moreover, a special feature of this realm is that the henchmen of the Lord of Death pierce the beings there with needles that are long, sharp, thin, and burning. Tortured in this way, the beings will cry in agony.
既大喚已，針則滿口，并舌俱刺，譬如步靫，滿中插箭。既受此苦，不能叫喚、不能啼哭。彼受如是針鋒苦惱更無過者，無異相似，自心妄語得如是苦，自他誑故，地獄受苦，一切身分皆悉竪鋒，數如毛根，身分皆壞。
Yet, like a pit filled with arrows, their mouths and tongues themselves are always full of needles, so that, despite suffering harrowing pain, they are unable to cry out or express it. Thus, those who mentally took up the habit of lying and deceived both themselves and others will constantly experience extraordinary tortures.
彼受苦人既受鋒苦，隨傾而倒，如是如是隨傾倒地，眾針競刺，彼人如是更受針苦，轉復蔽氣，努力唱喚不得出聲，若其拔針則能叫喚，若不拔針不能出聲。
2. 651 “Once they escape that particular hell, all their limbs and organs will have been perforated and their bodies broken. Tormented and exasperated, they will stagger along and fall to the ground. Yet, as they fall, extremely sharp needles will pierce them, so they will be tormented over and over again. As they fall, some will scream whereas those whose mouths have been ravaged by the needles will just moan and groan. Only when the needles in their mouths happen to fall out will these beings be able to scream. Otherwise, they can only moan.
彼既受苦，臥炎鐵地，宛轉翻覆，起而復倒，擾動不停。閻魔羅人手執大斧，復執鐵[矛*(替-曰+貝)]、鐵枷鐵杵斫刺打築。如是無量百千億歲受大苦惱，食彼妄語惡業果報，乃至惡業未壞未爛、業氣未盡，於一切時與苦不止；若惡業盡，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
They will slip and fall to the ground of burning iron, where they will roll around until they sink into the ground, moving frantically. The henchmen of the Lord of Death will then attack these pathetic creatures and crush their bodies with axes, spears, lances, clubs, and various other weapons. Thus, until their evil acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted, they will continue to experience such tortures, brought about by lying, for many billions of years.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，貧窮困苦，所有語言人不信受，處處乞求，許者不與，彼人如是極大貧窮，是彼惡業餘殘果報。
2. 652 “When one finally escapes this hell, one may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, [F.200.a] and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of effects that accord with the relevant causal actions, one will then be poor and one’s words will not be trusted. Whatever favors one may solicit from others will be denied, and one will become destitute and hopeless.
又彼比丘知業果報，觀大叫喚之大地獄，復有何處？彼見聞知：復有異處，彼處名為受無邊苦，是彼地獄第十六處。眾生何業生於彼處？彼見：有人殺生、偷盜、邪行、飲酒，業及果報如前所說。
2. 653 “As the monk who has knowledge of the effects of the ripening of karmic actions continues to examine the regions that surround the Great Howling Hell, he will apply knowledge derived from hearing and thus perceive a neighboring hell known as Infinite Pain. Inquiring into what karmic actions may cause one to be born there, he will see that such birth is caused by killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, and alcohol consumption.
復有妄語，所謂：多人海中治生，而彼導者與賊同心，彼諸賊人語導者言：『勿著彼道，當行此路，令我得物共汝分之。』彼諸商人雇導者言：『汝將我等令到寶所，我與汝物。』彼導者言：『我當如是，我當如是！』相許決定，而彼導者將諸商人，不著寶路而行賊道。賊先有謀，竪竿懸幡，其幡青色，導者見之不言有賊。
As for lying, a steersman on an ocean-faring merchant vessel may become embroiled in a conspiracy that might be instigated by pirates or driven by the steersman’s own desire for wealth. Having thus conspired with pirates, or a faction among the ocean-faring merchants, the steersman may falsely promise to sail his passengers to an island of jewels, while in reality steering the ship toward a barren island.
彼諸商人見青幡已，問導者言：『彼青幡處，應當是賊。』而彼導者答言非賊，彼諸商人謂其語實，皆不遮防。既到賊處，所有財物悉為賊奪，導者亦取。以是妄語惡業因緣，身壞命終墮於惡處，在彼地獄受無邊苦別異處生。
If on the way he sees a blue flag he will not call out ‘Pirates!’ and will not alarm the merchants. Meanwhile, the merchants may feel confident that their steersman is honest and that he would not hoodwink them. In that way he may allow pirates to attack and rob the merchants of their wealth, while also getting a piece of the booty himself. When such a person later separates from his body, he will fall into the lower realms and be born in the realm of Infinite Pain.
受大苦惱。所謂苦者，如前所說，活等地獄所受苦惱，彼一切苦此中具受。復有勝者，所謂：彼處閻魔羅人熱炎鐵鉗拔出其舌，拔已即生，生則軟嫰而復更拔；復有以鉗拔其眼者，拔已復生，生則軟嫰而復更拔；復有以刀遍削其身，刀甚薄利如剃頭刀；彼處有虫，名為斷虫，復食其腸。
2. 654 “The beings in that realm will experience torture as they undergo all the same ordeals that are otherwise experienced in the hell of Reviving, and so forth. In particular, they will have their eyes plucked out with flaming tongs. [F.200.b] Those who have thus been blinded will then grow new, fresh, and most delicate eyes, and will thus be subjected to profuse torture. 84 Their ears will be filled with boiling lead by the henchmen of the Lord of Death, who will also slash off their major and minor body parts with razors. So-called talalalalaka worms 85 will enter their bowels and intestines and begin to feast on them.
彼地獄中復有異處，其地普青而復黑闇，罪人入中，以惡業故，有摩竭魚內外火燃食彼罪人；彼摩竭魚金剛炎口、金剛炎爪、金剛炎齒，攫齧罪人，一切身分破散碎末。
2. 655 “Moreover, the beings of this hell will then enter a complete darkness that will engulf them entirely. From all sides flaming sea monsters created by karmic action will surge forth, devouring the hell beings with their mouths, along with claws and teeth that are sharp like diamonds. The monsters will tear all their limbs and organs apart, reducing them to dust, as when a handful of sand is scattered.
若脫魚口則入其腹，腹中炎燃，在彼腹中乃經無量百千億歲常被燒燃，氣未通暢或復少氣常被燒煮，受堅[革*卬]苦，是本妄語惡業所作。是彼自舌妄語因故，在摩竭魚腹中極燒，身體破壞，後復更為地獄火燒，後復更為青火所燒。
2. 656 “When they pass from the jaws of these monsters, the hell beings will next enter their stomachs. Imprisoned, they will proceed to spend many millions of years within these flaming interiors, suffocating and gasping for air, burning and boiling. Such are the fierce and excruciating tortures that the seliars will undergo as a result of their actions. Thus, the liar is first burned by the karmic manifestations created by his own tongue, and then later burned by the fires of hell.
如是燒已，閻魔羅人復為說偈，責疏之言：
2. 657 “Once the monsters have devoured all the major and minor body parts of these hell beings and reduced them to dust, the creatures will then spit them out onto a burning bed of embers. As the beings in hell burn there, the henchmen of the Lord of Death will then instruct them with these verses:
妄語言說者，是地獄因緣，因緣前已作，唱喚何所益？cf. Dhs.12.52
2. 658 “ ‘Lying is the cause of hell And yet you resorted to it. You relied on such causes in the past, But now, pointlessly, lament.
妄語第一火，尚能燒大海，況燒妄語人，猶如燒草木。cf. Dhs.12.22-26
2. 659 “ ‘This is the greatest of all fires, Which dries up even the ocean — What need is there to mention the likes Of liars, trees, and stones?
若人捨實語，而作妄語說，如是癡惡人，棄寶而取石。
2. 660 “ ‘When a person abandons truth And pursues lying instead, It is like letting go of a jewel [F.201.a] To procure the crude rock of evil.
若人不自愛，而愛於地獄，自身妄語火，此處自燒身。
2. 661 “ ‘Those who do not like themselves Or are fond of the realms of hell Embrace lies that will make their bodies burn — Such is the way of the fool.
實語甚易得，莊嚴一切人，捨實語妄說，癡故到此處。
2. 662 “ ‘Truthful words make good things happen — They are an ornament for all beings. Why are fools so fond Of giving up the truth and telling lies?
功德中實勝，是毒之甘露，何癡捨功德，而取毒中毒？cf. Dhs.12.26
2. 663 “ ‘Truth is the best quality of the virtuous, And lying is known to be the worst of vices. Why do fools relinquish fine qualities, Chasing after vices?
造過得惡果，常在於地獄，壞自身功德，到極惡地獄。
2. 664 “ ‘Always roaming in hell Is the ruinous consequence of vice. You considered good qualities to be your enemy And now you dwell in unbearable hell.
智者說妄語，一切苦種子，樂根實第一，故不應妄語。cf. Dhs.12.27
2. 665 “ ‘Lying is universally known To be the seed of all sorts of pain. The same relationship holds between honesty and happiness, So why would anyone lie?
實語言說人，一切人所愛，妄語皆不愛，故不應妄語。cf. Dhs.12.28
2. 666 “ ‘The one who speaks the truth Will be appreciated by everyone, Whereas the liar will be attacked, So why would anyone lie?
若人實語說，如天常喜樂；若人妄語說，常受地獄苦。cf. Dhs.12.29
2. 667 “ ‘People who speak the truth Will have constant happiness, like the gods. The deluded in hell are similarly there Because their minds wished to engage in lying.
若不作善業，作無量種惡，受無量苦惱，今悔何所及？
2. 668 “ ‘Those who did no virtuous deeds, But rather numerous misdeeds, Are born into infinite suffering — Why do you suffer, evil ones?
善果從善得，作惡受惡果，黠慧人捨惡，喜樂行善法。
2. 669 “ ‘The fruits of virtue are excellent, Whereas evil will torment and boil you. Hence, if wise people do a misdeed They will follow it up with virtue.
實為第一善，妄語第一惡，捨過取功德，是人人中勝。cf. Dhs.12.30-34
2. 670 “ ‘Among all virtues truthfulness is supreme, And lying is the worst of all flaws. Those who relinquish flaws and strive for good qualities Are supreme among all people.
2. 671 “ ‘Happy events and happy results Are achieved by means of the truth. Truth makes you achieve happiness, And the transcendence of suffering as well.
2. 672 “ ‘Painful events and excruciating results, Suffering and boiling — Since lying connects you with all such pain, Why do people not give up lying?
2. 673 “ ‘Truth can be obtained without wealth And without deprivation. So why would you abandon truth [F.201.b] And take delight in lying?
2. 674 “ ‘Truth will not come from anywhere else,And is not to be searched for elsewhere. Truth is the supreme place of pilgrimage — One that is not bound by holy water. 86
2. 675 “ ‘The truth taught by the Buddha — A lamp supreme among lamps — Is the best of medicines That always dispels suffering.
2. 676 “ ‘You may think, foolishly, “I have not accumulated evil,” But you did commit wrongs That will utterly torment you.
2. 677 “ ‘Those born in hell Will purify their negative acts and be free. Nobody ever won liberation Through wailing,
2. 678 “ ‘Deceived by your own actions, What do you fools have to cry about? Infantile beings are deceived by their own minds, And therefore you foolish people cry.’
閻魔羅人如是責疏地獄人已，復與種種無量苦惱。如是無量百千億歲，乃至惡業破壞無氣、腐爛盡滅，彼地獄處爾乃得脫。
2. 679 “Thus instructed by the henchmen of the Lord of Death, the beings in this hell must continue to endure the many hundreds of tortures, just as explained before, until finally their negative acts have been overcome, relinquished, and exhausted.
若於前世過去久遠有善業熟，不生餓鬼、畜生之道；若生人中同業之處，貧窮常困，於一切人常生畏懼，若為奴僕、若苦作人，人中下賤，所有語言人不信受。彼業因緣常受苦惱，實語相對，妄語果報。
When they finally escape this hell, they may, due to karmic actions to be experienced in other lives, avoid birth as a starving spirit or an animal, and instead be born with the general lot in life of a human. Yet, in terms of effects that accord with the relevant causal actions, they will always follow people who in the end deceive them and rob them of their possessions. Moreover, any work that they undertake will involve great hardship, and the people of the world will not trust their words.
