1.中阿含162分別六界經
一時,佛遊摩竭陀國,往詣王舍城宿。於是,世尊往至陶家,語曰:「陶師!我今欲寄陶屋一宿,汝見聽耶?」
陶師答曰:「我無所違。然有一比丘先已住中,若彼聽者,欲住隨意。」
爾時,尊者弗迦邏娑利先已在彼住陶屋中。於是,世尊出陶師家入彼陶屋,語尊者弗迦邏娑利曰:「比丘!我今欲寄陶屋一宿,汝見聽耶?」
尊者弗迦邏娑利答曰:「君!我無所違。且此陶屋草座已敷,君欲住者,自可隨意。」
爾時,世尊從彼陶屋出外洗足訖,還入內,於草座上敷尼師檀,結跏趺坐,竟夜默然靖坐定意,尊者弗迦邏娑利亦竟夜默然靖坐定意。彼時,世尊而作是念:「此比丘住止寂靖,甚奇!甚特!我今寧可問彼比丘:『汝師是誰?依誰出家學道受法?』」
世尊念已,問曰:「比丘!汝師是誰?依誰出家學道受法?」
尊者弗迦邏娑利答曰:「賢者!有沙門瞿曇釋種子,捨釋宗族,剃除鬚髮,著袈裟衣,至信、捨家、無家、學道,覺無上正盡覺,彼是我師,依彼出家學道受法。」
世尊即復問曰:「比丘!曾見師耶?」
尊者弗迦邏娑利答曰:「不見。」
世尊問曰:「若見師者,為識不耶?」
尊者弗迦邏娑利答曰:「不識。然,賢者!我聞世尊、如來、無所著、等正覺、明行成為、善逝、世間解、無上士、道法御、天人師,號佛、眾祐,彼是我師,依彼出家學道受法。」
彼時,世尊復作是念:「此族姓子依我出家學道受法,我今寧可為說法耶?」
世尊念已,語尊者弗迦邏娑利曰:「比丘!我為汝說法,初善、中善、竟亦善,有義有文,具足清淨,顯現梵行,謂分別六界,汝當諦聽,善思念之。」
尊者弗迦邏娑利答曰:「唯然。」
佛告彼曰:「比丘!人有六界聚、六觸處、十八意行、四住處。若有住彼,不聞憂慼事,不聞憂慼事已,意便不憎、不憂、不勞,亦不恐怖。如是有教,不放逸慧,守護真諦,長養惠施。比丘!當學最上,當學至寂,分別六界。如是,比丘!人有六界聚,此說何因?謂地界、水界、火界、風界、空界、識界。比丘!人有六界聚者,因此故說。
「比丘!人有六觸處,此說何因?謂比丘眼觸見色,耳觸聞聲,鼻觸嗅香,舌觸嘗味,身觸覺觸,意觸知法。比丘!人有六觸處者,因此故說。比丘!人有十八意行,此說何因?謂比丘眼見色,觀色喜住,觀色憂住,觀色捨住,如是耳、鼻、舌、身,意知法,觀法喜住,觀法憂住,觀法捨住。比丘!此六喜觀、六憂觀、六捨觀,合已十八行。比丘!人有十八意行者,因此故說。
「比丘!人有四住處,此說何因?謂真諦住處、慧住處、施住處、息住處。比丘!人有四住處者,因此故說。云何比丘不放逸慧?若有比丘分別身界,今我此身有內地界而受於生,此為云何?謂髮、毛、爪、齒、麤細膚、皮、肉、骨、筋、腎、心、肝、肺、脾、大腸、胃、糞。如斯之比,此身中餘在內,內所攝堅,堅性住內,於生所受,是謂比丘內地界也。比丘!若有內地界及外地界者,彼一切總說地界,彼一切非我有,我非彼有,亦非神也。如是慧觀,知其如真,心不染著於此地界,是謂比丘不放逸慧。
「復次,比丘不放逸慧。若有比丘分別身界,今我此身有內水界而受於生,此為云何?謂腦膜、眼淚、汗、涕、唾、膿、血、肪、髓、涎、淡、小便,如斯之比,此身中餘在內,內所攝水,水性潤內,於生所受,是謂比丘內水界也。比丘!若有內水界及外水界者,彼一切總說水界,彼一切非我有,我非彼有,亦非神也。如是慧觀,知其如真,心不染著於此水界,是謂比丘不放逸慧。
「復次,比丘不放逸慧。若有比丘分別此身界,今我此身有內火界而受於生,此為云何?謂熱身、暖身、煩悶身、溫莊身,謂消飲食,如斯之比,此身中餘在內,內所攝火,火性熱內,於生所受,是謂比丘內火界也。比丘!若有內火界及外火界者,彼一切總說火界,彼一切非我有,我非彼有,亦非神也。如是慧觀,知其如真,心不染著於此火界,是謂比丘不放逸慧。
「復次,比丘不放逸慧。若有比丘分別身界,今我此身有內風界而受於生,此為云何?謂上風、下風、脇風、掣縮風、蹴風、非道風、節節風、息出風、息入風。如斯之比,此身中餘在內,內所攝風,風性動內,於生所受,是謂比丘內風界也。比丘!若有內風界及外風界者,彼一切總說風界,彼一切非我有,我非彼有,亦非神也。如是慧觀,知其如真,心不染著於此風界,是謂比丘不放逸慧。
「復次,比丘不放逸慧。若有比丘分別身界,今我此身有內空界而受於生,此為云何?謂眼空、耳空、鼻空、口空、咽喉動搖,謂食噉含消,安徐咽住,若下過出。如斯之比,此身中餘在內,內所攝空,在空不為肉、皮、骨、筋所覆,是謂比丘內空界也。比丘!若有內空界及外空界者,彼一切總說空界,彼一切非我有,我非彼有,亦非神也。如是慧觀,知其如真,心不染著於此空界,是謂比丘不放逸慧。
「比丘!若有比丘於此五界知其如真,知如真已,心不染彼而解脫者,唯有餘識,此何等識?樂識、苦識、喜識、憂識、捨識。比丘!因樂更樂故生樂覺,彼覺樂覺,覺樂覺已,即知覺樂覺。若有比丘滅此樂更樂,滅此樂更樂已,若有從樂更樂生樂覺者,彼亦滅息止,知已冷也。比丘!因苦更樂故生苦覺,彼覺苦覺,覺苦覺已,即知覺苦覺。若有比丘滅此苦更樂,滅此苦更樂已,若有從苦更樂生苦覺者,彼亦滅息止,知已冷也。比丘!因喜更樂故生喜覺,彼覺喜覺,覺喜覺已,即知覺喜覺。若有比丘滅此喜更樂,滅此喜更樂已,若有從喜更樂生喜覺者,彼亦滅息止,知已冷也。
「比丘!因憂更樂故生憂覺,彼覺憂覺,覺憂覺已,即知覺憂覺。若有比丘滅此憂更樂,滅此憂更樂已,若有從憂更樂生憂覺者,彼亦滅息止,知已冷也。比丘!因捨更樂故生捨覺,彼覺捨覺,覺捨覺已,即知覺捨覺。若有比丘滅此捨更樂,滅此捨更樂已,若有從捨更樂生捨覺者,彼亦滅息止,知已冷也。比丘!彼彼更樂故生彼彼覺,滅彼彼更樂已,彼彼覺亦滅,彼知此覺從更樂,更樂本,更樂習,從更樂生,以更樂為首,依更樂行。
「比丘!猶如火母,因鑽及人方便熱相故,而生火也。比丘!彼彼眾多林木相離分散,若從彼生火,火數熱於生數受,彼都滅止息,則冷樵木也。如是,比丘!彼彼更樂故生彼彼覺,滅彼彼更樂故彼彼覺亦滅,彼知此覺從更樂,更樂本,更樂習,從更樂生,以更樂為首,依更樂行。若比丘不染此三覺而解脫者,彼比丘唯存於捨,極清淨也。比丘!彼比丘作是念:『我此清淨捨,移入無量空處,修如是心,依彼、住彼、立彼、緣彼、繫縛於彼。我此清淨捨,移入無量識處、無所有處、非有想非無想處,修如是心,依彼、住彼、立彼、緣彼、繫縛於彼。』
「比丘!猶工煉金上妙之師,以火燒金,鍛令極薄,又以火燷,數數足火熟煉令淨,極使柔軟而有光明。比丘!此金者,於金師以數數足火熟煉令淨,極使柔軟而有光明已,彼金師者,隨所施設,或縺繒綵,嚴飾新衣,指鐶、臂釧、瓔珞、寶鬘,隨意所作。如是,比丘!彼比丘作是念:『我此清淨捨移入無量空處,修如是心,依彼、住彼、立彼、緣彼、繫縛於彼。我此清淨捨移入無量識處、無所有處、非有想非無想處,修如是心,依彼、住彼、立彼、緣彼、繫縛於彼。』
「彼比丘復作是念:『我此清淨捨,依無量空處者,故是有為。若有為者,則是無常,若無常者,即是苦也。若是苦者,便知苦,知苦已,彼此捨不復移入無量空處。我此清淨捨,依無量識處、無所有處、非有想非無想處者,故是有為。若有為者,則是無常,若無常者,即是苦也。若是苦者,便知苦,知苦已,彼此捨不復移入無量識處、無所有處、非有想非無想處。』比丘!若有比丘於此四處以慧觀之,知其如真,心不成就,不移入者。彼於爾時不復有為,亦無所思,謂有及無,彼受身最後覺,則知受身最後覺,受命最後覺,則知受命最後覺,身壞命終,壽命已訖,彼所覺一切滅息止,知至冷也。
「比丘!譬如燃燈,因油因炷,彼若無人更增益油,亦不續炷,是為前已滅訖,後不相續,無所復受。如是,比丘!受身最後覺,則知受身最後覺,受命最後覺,則知受命最後覺,身壞命終,壽命已訖,彼所覺一切滅息止,知至冷也。比丘!是謂比丘第一正慧,謂至究竟滅訖,漏盡比丘成就於彼,成就第一正慧處。比丘!此解脫住真諦,得不移動,真諦者,謂如法也,妄言者,謂虛妄法。比丘!成就彼第一真諦處。
「比丘!彼比丘施說施若本必有怨家,彼於爾時放捨、吐離、解脫、滅訖。比丘!是謂比丘第一正惠施,謂捨離一切世盡,無欲、滅、息、止,比丘成就於彼,成就第一惠施處。比丘!彼比丘心為欲、恚、癡所穢,不得解脫。比丘!此一切婬、怒、癡盡,無欲、滅、息、止,得第一息。比丘!成就彼者成就第一息處。
「比丘!我者是自舉,我當有是亦自舉,我當非有非無是亦自舉,我當色有是亦自舉,我當無色有是亦自舉,我當非有色非無色是亦自舉,我當有想是亦自舉,我當無想是亦自舉,我當非有想非無想是亦自舉。是貢高、是憍慠、是放逸,比丘!若無此一切自舉、貢高、憍慠、放逸者,意謂之息。比丘!若意息者,便不憎、不憂、不勞、不怖。所以者何?彼比丘成就法故,不復有可說憎者。若不憎則不憂,不憂則不愁,不愁則不勞,不勞則不怖,因不怖便當般涅槃,生已盡,梵行已立,所作已辦,不更受有,知如真。」
說此法已,尊者弗迦邏娑利遠塵離垢,諸法法眼生。於是,尊者弗迦邏娑利見法得法,覺白淨法,斷疑度惑,更無餘尊,不復由他,無有猶豫,已住果證,於世尊法得無所畏,即從坐起,稽首佛足,白曰:「世尊!我悔過。善逝!我自首。如愚如癡,如不定,如不善解,不識良田,不能自知。所以者何?以我稱如來、無所著、等正覺為君也。唯願世尊聽我悔過,我悔過已,後不更作。」
世尊告曰:「比丘!汝實愚癡,汝實不定,汝不善解,謂稱如來、無所著、等正覺為君也。比丘!若汝能自悔過,見已發露,護不更作者,比丘!如是則於聖法、律中益而不損,謂能自悔過,見已發露,護不更作。」
《瑜伽師地論.攝事分》卷97:
1.復次,依四念住修習增上,略由三處、三地、三種補特伽羅,當知普攝諸沙門義。
2.云何三處?一、境,二、智,三、證。
云何三地?一、正加行攝異生地,二、有學地,三、無學地。
云何三種補特伽羅?一、正加行異生補特伽羅,二、有學補特伽羅,三、無學補特伽羅。
3.云何名境?謂地等六界與六觸處為所依體,此六觸處與十八意行為所依體,十八意行能雜染心。
云何名智?謂心清淨增上慧依處。
云何名證?謂即慧依處增上,若諦依處、若捨依處、若寂依處。
4.云何慧依處?謂慧為依處,於正加行異生地中,正修善法為因緣故,能無放逸入有學地;若慧為依處,證阿羅漢無學地中,得盡智故,如實了知我生盡等,若學無學出世智後諸世間慧。
云何諦依處?謂已獲得八支聖道,斷諸煩惱。由此依處,當來眾苦畢竟不生。由此畢竟無忘失故,名諦依處。
云何捨依處?謂斷彼事。由此依處,於已斷事無雜染行,現法樂住。
云何寂依處?謂為斷滅所餘結事,方便勤修如已得道。此為依處,於所餘結及所餘事,能捨無餘。
5.如是一切以要而言,為欲得證,故修其智;既得證已,便獲聖道及聖道果。果有二種,謂煩惱斷及與事斷。此中一種,證所未證。第二依處,捨未來苦。第三依處,能隨習近現法樂住。第四依處,斷未圓滿能令圓滿。齊爾所處,諸瑜伽師於所應作皆得究竟。謂於未證,由初能證。於未來苦,第二能捨。於現法樂,第三能住。於上斷滅所未圓滿,第四能滿。如是一切,由四依處應當了知。此中先所獲得聖道,名寂靜道。為斷上位煩惱、事故,正修習時,於其事斷倍趣增益,於煩惱斷防未得退。
6.此中云何由智觀察所知境界,證所應證?謂正加行異生地中,正行異生補特伽羅,由內外別觀察五界,於所有身住循身觀。謂心解脫及慧解脫為增上故,彼起如是如理加行,於諸界中住唯界想。觀唯有界,都無有我。依思擇力,於諸色界已遠離貪,而於所緣猶未能斷。於未來世不希望故,於現在世不耽著故,名已離貪。未能永害彼隨眠故,名於所緣猶未能斷。彼於其貪已遠離故,由心解脫為增上力;遠離貪故,心得清淨。而於所緣未能斷故,有餘上位應更修治。
7.從此已後,於六觸處所攝境界無倒觀察。於諸受中住循受觀。彼如前說,依思擇力,於諸受界亦遠離貪。歷觀緣生無常性故,即如前說,而於所緣猶未能斷。彼於無明已遠離故,由慧解脫為增上力,依諸明觸所生如理作意相應所有善受,於一切受所生雜染厭捨而住。由於無明觸所生受為緣起貪已遠離故,名得清淨。而於隨眠未永斷故,有餘上位應更修治。
8.從此已後,於十八意行無倒觀察,俱於心法同時安住循心法觀。彼作是思:此十八意行最第一者,謂諸所有寂靜解脫,超過諸色,在於無色。於能順捨起諸意行。復作是思:若我依此勝妙意行,於清淨捨若定、若生耽著係憶,因此我心便成雜染。如是知已,捨而不憶。是名於心住循心觀。復於諸處觀無常性,是名於法住循法觀。
9.彼於爾時,於三想定,及以非想非非想處所有諸行餘第一有,已離貪故,名於想界及行界貪亦得遠離。餘如前說。
10.如是彼於正加行攝異生地中淨修心已,為欲證會學心解脫。復於一切身受心法,觀唯有法,都無有我。於一切有深心厭捨,不起加行,謂我當有,或我當無。如實了知此中無有有者、無者。彼由如是如實知故,漸於見、修所斷三漏,心得解脫。得盡智故,觀察一切當來諸受不復流轉。此不流轉由身滅故,彼於爾時,依諸漏盡所獲盡智為最第一。有學、異生諸慧依處猶有垢故,今此所得定無垢故。又即此慧,於諸煩惱斷滅諦中,以寂靜行攀緣而住,暫時失念亦不能動。
11.如是所有心、慧解脫,不為忘念之所陵雜。如前異生及有學位,以彼尚有忘失法故,諦不圓滿。在無學位,於一切時如實性故,其諦圓滿,故諦依處成就第一。由能棄捨一切依事,故捨依處成就第一。一切道果所集成故,名善修道。非如異生及諸有學,故寂依處成就第一。
12.問:何因緣故,唯在無學四種依處說為第一,非在異生及有學位?答:在此位中,微細淋漏亦不可知,況有中上。在異生地淋漏彌多,有學位中少可知有。此中何等名為淋漏?應知如前諸動舉等,說名淋漏。於彼一切皆永斷故,趣向圓滿牟尼性故,說名牟尼最極寂靜。又已永害當來因故,於初中後生老死苦永止息故。現法行時,於諸世法四種貪愛永寂靜故,四種瞋恚永寂靜故。又於住時,不悅諠雜永寂止故。
《瑜伽論記.攝事分》卷48:
第二解沙門義,初開三門攝沙門義,後問答別解。於中有二,初別解境智證,後問答通辨三門攝沙門義。
1.前中分三,初解境中,開出四法為四念住所觀之境,言地等六界與六觸處為所依體者,雖舉六界意觀四大及空五界為身念住境,四大及空與眼等五觸處為依,識界與意觸處為依,六觸處與十八意行,為所依者,雖舉眼等六觸處,意取六根所生觸體為法念住境,從彼六根生於苦觸樂觸不苦不樂觸,生六憂六喜六捨為受念住境,此十八意行能染同時心王為心念住也。
2.次解智,謂清淨心與增上慧以為依處也。
3.下解證中,初問答引四處,次問答解四處,後總分別。此四依處亦名四德處,十地論名四家依,攝大乘論唯約十地中配釋四依,初二三地名依諦地,四五六地名依慧地,七八二地名捨地,九十二地名寂靜地。
4.今此文中初明慧依處,從見道前異生地修得,入見道乃至無學,及成出世智後世間智。
5.若諦依處,即從已得八聖道斷諸煩惱得阿羅漢,眾苦不生無妄失故,名諦依處。
6.捨依處者,於已斷事無雜染行現法樂住。
7.寂靜依處者,為斷餘結方便勤修者,已得見道進斷修惑,下指事說。
8.如已得道等下,總分別,如是一切,以要而言,為欲得證,故修其智者,修慧依處也。既得證已,便獲聖道,及聖道果者,得證,即是諦依處也;便獲聖道,即是第三,由捨雜染得現法樂住;及聖道果者,即是第四,由依寂靜,滅餘結事得無為果。
9.此中一種已下,重辨四依,熟中初辨,次釋。如是下結。此中前所獲得聖道,名寂靜道者,相見道也。為斷上位煩惱事故者,為除修惑。於其事斷,倍趣增益,於煩惱斷,防未得退者,即斷業報事也,於煩惱斷中防應得未得退也。
10.上來別解脫境智證。下問答通辨三門攝沙門義,謂正加行乃至都無有我者,景師云:謂於見道前異生地中,別觀內外四大空,五住循身觀,為求增上正慧二脫故觀界無我,此即起觀意也。
11.依思擇力,於諸色界已遠離貪者,伏離也。而於所緣猶未能斷者,未斷隨眠也。於未來下,釋伏不斷所以。心解脫等者,由離貪故心得解脫。從此已後至無倒觀察者,觀內五根為身念住也。
12.自下觀受為受念住,於諸受界亦離貪等者,觀染受也,彼於無明已遠離故。由慧解脫為增上力者,由離無明慧得解脫,此觀淨受依諸明觸所生如理作意相應所有善受為受念也。
13.從此已後,於十八意行乃至修心法觀者,總結受念為心法觀也。彼作是思此十八意行最第一者,無色捨受。若於此捨、若定、若生耽著係憶心成雜染,如是知已,捨而不憶,住循心觀者,知憶勝受之過,捨而觀心名心念住。
14.復於諸處觀無常性,是名於法住修法觀乃至餘如前說者,下之三空名三想定,及以悲想,但伏離貪名得遠離,未能斷種,名如前說,聖人所得非想能斷貪種,凡夫之人所得非想,但伏彼貪不能永斷,故言餘第一有已離貪等。
15.上來明其凡夫作四念住觀。下辨學無學人作四念觀,達師云:言五界者,五內根界,四種貪愛者,利養稱樂貪也;四種瞋恚者,衰毀識苦瞋也。
2.中阿含163分別六處經
我聞如是:
一時,佛遊舍衛國,在勝林給孤獨園。
爾時,世尊告諸比丘:「我當為汝說法,初妙、中妙、竟亦妙,有義有文,具足清淨,顯現梵行,謂分別六處經。諦聽,諦聽,善思念之。」
時,諸比丘白曰:「世尊!唯當受教。」
佛言:「汝等六處當知內也,六更樂處當知內,十八意行當知內,三十六刀當知內,於中斷彼成就是,無量說法當知內,三意止,謂聖人所習。聖人所習已,眾可教,無上調御士者,調御士趣一切方,是謂分別六處經事。
「六處當知內者,此何因說?謂眼處,耳、鼻、舌、身、意處,六處當知內者,因此故說。
「六更樂處當知內者,此何因說?謂眼更樂為見色,耳更樂為聞聲,鼻更樂為嗅香,舌更樂為嘗味,身更樂為覺觸,意更樂為知法,六更樂處當知內者,因此故說。
「十八意行當知內者,此何因說?比丘者,眼見色已,分別色喜住,分別色憂住,分別色捨住,如是耳、鼻、舌、身,意知法已,分別法喜住,分別法憂住,分別法捨住,是謂分別六喜、分別六憂、分別六捨,總說十八意行,十八意行當知內者,因此故說。
「三十六刀當知內者,此何因說?有六喜依著,有六喜依無欲,有六憂依著,有六憂依無欲,有六捨依著,有六捨依無欲。
「云何六喜依著?云何六喜依無欲?眼見色已生喜,當知二種,或依著,或依無欲。云何喜依著?眼知色可喜、意念、愛色、欲相應樂,未得者欲得,已得者憶已生喜,如是喜,是謂喜依著。云何喜依無欲?知色無常、變易,盡、無欲、滅、息,前及今一切色無常、苦、滅法,憶已生喜,如是喜,是謂喜依無欲。如是耳、鼻、舌、身,意知法已生喜,當知二種,或依著,或依無欲。云何喜依著?意知法可喜、意念、愛法、欲相應樂,未得者欲得,已得者憶已生喜,如是喜,是謂喜依著。云何喜依無欲?知法無常、變易,盡、無欲、滅、息,前及今一切法無常、苦、滅法,憶已生喜,如是喜,是謂喜依無欲。
「云何六憂依著?云何六憂依無欲?眼見色已生憂,當知二種,或依著,或依無欲。云何憂依著?眼知色可喜、意念、愛色、欲相應樂,未得者不得,已得者過去、散壞、滅、變易、生憂,如是憂,是謂憂依著。云何憂依無欲?知色無常、變易,盡、無欲、滅、息,前及今一切色無常、苦、滅法,憶已作是念:『我何時彼處成就遊,謂:處諸聖人成就遊。』是為上具觸願恐怖,知苦憂生憂。如是憂,是謂憂依無欲。如是耳、鼻、舌、身,意知法已生憂,當知二種,或依著,或依無欲。云何憂依著?意知法可喜、意念、愛法、欲相應樂,未得者不得,已得者過去、散壞、滅、變易、生憂,如是憂,是謂憂依著。云何憂依無欲?知法無常、變易,盡、無欲、滅、息,前及今一切法無常、苦、滅法,憶已作是念:『我何時彼處成就遊?謂:處諸聖人成就遊。』是為上具觸願恐怖,知苦憂生憂。如是憂,是謂憂依無欲。
「云何六捨依著?云何六捨依無欲?眼見色已生捨,當知二種,或依著,或依無欲。云何捨依著?眼知色生捨,彼平等、不多聞、無智慧、愚、癡、凡夫,為色有捨,不離色,是謂捨依著。云何捨依無欲?知色無常、變易,盡、無欲、滅、息,前及今一切色無常、苦、滅法,憶已捨住。若有至意修習捨,是謂捨依無欲,如是耳、鼻、舌、身,意知法已生捨,當知二種,或依著,或依無欲。云何捨依著?意知法生捨,平等、不多聞、無智慧、愚、癡、凡夫,為法有捨,不離法,是謂捨依著。云何捨依無欲?意知法無常、變易,盡、無欲、滅、息,前及今一切法無常、苦、滅法,憶已捨住。若有至意修習捨,是謂捨依無欲。是為六喜依著、六喜依無欲、六憂依著、六憂依無欲、六捨依著、六捨依無欲,總說三十六刀,當知內者,因此故說。
「於中斷彼成就是者,此何因說?謂此六喜依無欲,取是、依是、住是也。謂此六喜依著,滅彼、除彼、吐彼,如是斷彼也。謂此六憂依無欲,取是、依是、住是也。謂此六憂依著,滅彼、除彼、吐彼,如是斷彼也。謂此六捨依無欲,取是、依是、住是也。謂此六捨依著,滅彼、除彼、吐彼,如是斷彼也。謂此六憂依無欲,取是、依是、住是也。謂此六喜依無欲,滅彼、除彼、吐彼,如是斷彼也。謂此六捨依無欲,取是、依是、住是也。謂此六憂依無欲,滅彼、除彼、吐彼,如是斷彼也。
「有捨無量更樂,若干更樂,有捨一更樂,不若干更樂。云何有捨無量更樂,若干更樂?若捨為色、為聲、為香、為味、為觸,此捨無量更樂,若干更樂。云何捨一更樂,不若干更樂?謂捨或依無量空處,或依無量識處,或依無所有處,或依非有想非無想處,此捨一更樂,不若干更樂,謂此捨有一更樂,不若干更樂。取是、依是、住是也,謂此捨有無量更樂,若干更樂。滅彼、除彼、吐彼,如是斷彼也。取無量、依無量、住無量,謂此捨有一更樂,不若干更樂。取是、依是、住是也,謂此捨有無量更樂,若干更樂。滅彼、除彼、吐彼,如是斷彼也,於中斷彼成就是者,因此故說。
「無量說法當知內者,此何因說?如來有四弟子,有增上行、有增上意、有增上念、有增上慧,有辯才成就第一辯才,壽活百歲,如來為彼說法滿百年,除飲食時、大小便時、睡眠息時及聚會時,彼如來所說法,文句法句觀義,以慧而速觀義,不復更問於如來法。所以者何?如來說法無有極不可盡法,文句法句觀義,乃至四弟子命終,猶如四種善射之人,挽彊俱發,善學善知,而有方便,速徹過去。如是,世尊有四弟子,有增上行、有增上意、有增上念、有增上慧,有辯才成就第一辯才,壽活百歲,如來為彼說法滿百年,除飲食時、大小便時、睡眠息時及聚會時。彼如來所說法,文句法句觀義,以慧而速觀義,不復更問於如來法。所以者何?如來無極不可盡,無量說法當知內者,因此故說。
「三意止,謂聖人所習,聖人所習已,眾可教者。此何因說?若如來為弟子說法,憐念愍傷,求義及饒益,求安隱快樂,發慈悲心,是為饒益,是為快樂,是為饒益樂。若彼弟子而不恭敬,亦不順行,不立於智,其心不趣向法、次法,不受正法,違世尊教,不能得定者,世尊不以此為憂慼也。但世尊捨無所為,常念常智,是謂第一意止,謂聖人所習,聖人所習已,眾可教也。
「復次,如來為弟子說法,憐念愍傷,求義及饒益,求安隱快樂,發慈悲心,是為饒益,是為快樂,是為饒益樂。若彼弟子恭敬順行而立於智,其心歸趣向法、次法,受持正法,不違世尊教,能得定者,世尊不以此為歡喜也。但世尊捨無所為,常念常智,是謂第二意止,謂聖人所習,聖人所習已,眾可教也。
「復次,如來為弟子說法,憐念愍傷,求義及饒益,求安隱快樂,發慈悲心,是為饒益,是為快樂,是為饒益樂。或有弟子而不恭敬,亦不順行,不立於智,其心不趣向法、次法,不受正法,違世尊教,不能得定者。或有弟子恭敬順行而立於智,其心歸趣向法、次法,受持正法,不違世尊教,能得定者。世尊不以此為憂慼,亦不歡喜,但世尊捨無所為,常念常智,是謂第三意止。謂聖人所習,聖人所習已,眾可教也,三意止,謂聖人所習。聖人所習已,眾可教者,因此故說。
「無上調御士者,調御士趣一切方者。此何因說?調御士者,此說調御士趣一方,或東方、或南方、或西方、或北方;調御象者,調御象趣一方,或東方,或南、西、北方;調御馬者,調御馬趣一方,或東方,或南、西、北方;調御牛者,調御牛趣一方,或東方,或南、西、北方也。無上調御士者,調御士趣一切方,於中方者色觀色,是謂第一方。內無色想,外觀色,是謂第二方。淨解脫身觸成就遊,是謂第三方。度一切色想,滅有對想,不念若干想,無量空,是無量空處成就遊,是謂第四方。度一切無量空處,無量識,是無量識處成就遊,是謂第五方。度一切無量識處,無所有,是無所有處成就遊,是謂第六方。度一切無所有處,非有想非無想,是非有想非無想處成就遊,是謂第七方。度一切非有想非無想處,想知滅盡身觸成就遊,慧觀漏盡斷智,是謂第八方。無上調御士者,調御士趣一切方者,因此故說。」
3.大寶積經卷第七十三,北齊三藏那連提耶舍譯
菩薩見實會第十六之十三六界差別品第二十五之一
爾時淨飯王及諸眷屬,見阿修羅、迦樓羅龍及龍女、鳩槃荼、乾闥婆、夜叉、緊那羅、摩睺羅伽、呵羅竭闍天、四天王天、三十三天、夜摩天、兜率陀天、化樂天、他化自在天、梵摩天、光音天、遍淨天乃至廣果天,見彼供養,及聞授記,又聞淨居諸天說偈讚佛,復聞外道亦得授記,淨飯王作是思惟:「是事希有不可思議。世尊如是善說,一切世間聞已咸皆欣喜。」是時淨飯王以愛戀子故,情意慇懃。
爾時世尊告父王言:「我所說法,初善中善後善,其義深邃,其味亦善,淳淨無雜,清白無染顯說梵行法。何者梵行?所謂分別六界法門。王今諦聽,善思念之,當為王說。」
王言:「善哉!我今諦聽,唯願說之。」
佛言:「大王!何者為分別六界法門?大王!所言六界者即是丈夫,六觸入亦是丈夫,十八意識境界亦是丈夫。大王!我所言六界即是丈夫者,我何故如是說?大王!何者是六界?所謂地界、水界、火界、風界、空界、識界。大王!此名六界。所言六界是丈夫者,所謂此也。我言六觸入名為丈夫。何故如是說?大王!所言觸入何者?謂眼觸入見諸色故。如是耳鼻舌身亦如是,意觸入為知法故,我言六觸入是丈夫者謂此也。我言十八意識境界是丈夫者,何故如是說?大王!此十八意識境界何者是?謂眼見可意色,以憶想分別而生思覺。見不可意色已,亦憶想分別而生思覺。見捨處色已,亦憶想分別而生思覺。耳鼻舌身亦如是,意知法,可意處法知已思想分別,不可意處法知已亦思想分別,捨處法知已亦思想分別。大王!我言十八意識境界是丈夫者謂此也。
「大王!地界有二種:有內、有外。大王!何者為內地界?謂自身內所有。彼彼身內所有得有取、堅者強者,所謂髮、毛、爪、齒、塵垢、皮、肉、筋、骨、髓、脾、腎、肝、肚、大腸、小腸、大便、脬膜、腦胲。大王!是等名為身內地界。大王!何者是身外地界?謂身外所有、不得不取、堅者強者。大王!是名身外地界。大王!身內地界,生時無所從來,滅時無所去。大王!有時女人自分別我是女人。自分別我是女人已,見外丈夫復生分別,彼是丈夫。是女人分別彼是丈夫已,即生欲想。生欲想已,樂欲和合,於彼男子而生染愛。彼男子亦作是分別,我是男子。自分別我是男子已,見外女人復生分別,彼是女人。此男子作是分別已,於彼女人而生染愛。是男子女人俱生染愛已而便和合,以和合故而有歌羅羅。大王!彼丈夫分別及所分別事,二俱不可得。女人、女人性亦不可得,男子、男子性亦不可得。以是不相續而生分別,彼分別亦自性不可得。如分別自性不可得,如是和合、和合性亦不可得。如和合、和合性不可得,如是歌羅羅、歌羅羅性不可得。若自性不可得者,彼云何能生堅強?大王!當知因分別故而生有堅者強者。彼堅強生時,無所從來。大王。有時此身終,為塚間死屍。彼死屍堅強想變壞時,不向東方亦不向南西北方四維上下。大王!如是當知為內身地界。
「大王!有時世間居處悉皆空虛,復生梵天七寶宮殿。彼宮殿堅強相生時,無所從來。如是他化自在諸天,七寶宮殿堅強生時,無所從來。如是化樂天、兜率陀天、夜摩天、三十三天、四天王天,所有七寶宮殿堅相生時,無所從來。鐵圍山、大鐵圍山,堅固牢實同一金剛,堅強生時,無所從來。如是須彌山、尼民達山、育乾達山、伊沙達山、佉提羅迦山、鞞達略山、毘那多迦山、阿葉波竭那山、鐵圍山、大鐵圍山、蘇達舍那山、摩訶蘇達舍那山、優常伽羅山、雪山、香山,諸餘黑山,及三千大千世界若成時,彼一切堅強生時,無所從來。此大地厚一百六十萬由旬,生已而住。大王!彼堅強生時,無所從來。大王!又時此世界壞。是世界欲壞時,此大地或為火所燒、或為水所漂、或為風所吹,悉皆散滅。彼地為火燒時,乃至煙灰都無所見。大王!譬如蘇油為火所燒無有遺餘。大王!如是此三千大千世界燒已,灰燼不現。後為水所漂時,亦無遺餘可見。大王!譬如以鹽投水消滅無餘。大王!如是如是,三千大千世界為水漂已亦無遺餘。大王!如是三千大千世界風吹壞時無有遺餘。大王!譬如毘嵐猛風吹諸飛鳥,彼鳥散滅無有遺餘。大王!如是如是,此三千大千世界為毘嵐猛風之所吹壞,一切散滅無有遺餘。大王!彼地界成時無所從來,壞時無所去。大王!如是如是,內身地界生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所去。大王!彼地界生時亦空、住時亦空,生住二時體性俱空。
「大王!彼水界亦有二種:有內、有外。大王!是內身水界,謂自身內所有,及餘彼彼身內所得所攝,若水、若水性、若水體,若潤、若潤性、若潤體,所謂此身中淚、汗、洟、唾、膿血、瘡污、肪膏、髓、乳、膽、小便。大王!如是等物名身內水界。大王!何者是身外水界?身所不得、不攝者,水及水性、水體,潤及潤性、潤體。大王!此名身外水界。大王!彼身內水界生時無所從來,滅時無所去。大王!謂如見所愛人眼中流淚,苦惱所逼亦復流淚,聞法敬信亦復流淚,若遇風寒亦復流淚,眼赤痛時亦復流淚。大王!彼淚出時無所從來,滅時無所去。大王!又時身內水界增長,增長已益彼水界,能滅身內火界,彼火界滅時去無所至。大王!彼身內外界,生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所去。大王!彼身內外界生時亦空,滅時亦空,其水界性自是空。大王!有時彼內火界增盛,增盛已能竭身內水界。彼水界燒竭之時,去無所至。大王!彼身內水界生時無所從來,滅時亦無所去。大王!彼身內水界生時亦空、滅時亦空,體性自空。大王!又時此世界壞。大王!此世界欲壞時,於虛空中興三十二重雲而住。遍興三十二重雲住已,遍覆三千大千世界。遍覆三千大千世界已,經五中劫天降大雨,流注不絕如象王尿。其後復經五中劫降麁大雨,當於爾時,其水積滿上至梵天。大王!彼大水界初生之時,無所從來。大王!又時此世界居處壞時,此世界中第二日出。二日出時,小河泉源悉皆枯盡。大王!又時此世界第三日出。第三日出時,大池江河悉皆枯竭。大王!又時此世界第四日出。第四日出時,四大河本源亦悉枯盡。大王!世界又時第五日出。第五日出已,大海中水一由旬二由旬三由旬,四五乃至十由旬悉皆枯盡;二十三十四十五十由旬海水枯盡;一百由旬二百由旬,三百乃至千由旬亦皆枯盡;二千三千四千乃至一萬由旬悉亦枯盡;二萬三萬乃至四萬四千由旬大海水盡皆枯涸。大王!又時大海之中餘殘之水,四萬由旬餘殘水在。三萬二萬一萬由旬餘殘水在,後復漸盡。九千八千乃至一千由旬,九百八百乃至一百由旬,餘殘水在。九十由旬八十七十六十五十四十三十二十乃至十由旬,九由旬八由旬乃至一由旬,餘殘水在。五里下至十多羅樹,九多羅乃至一多羅,十人乃至一人,餘殘水在於一人身齊咽,至腋至臍,至腰至跨,至𨄔至踝,餘殘水在,乃至牛跡水在。大王!當爾之時,大海之中唯有少濕相,如麁雨時乍濕乍乾。大王!譬如麁雨渧渧如有,濕未周匝;大海之水亦復如是。大王!又時大海之中所有濕處,唯潤一指面。大王!彼水界漸滅之時,去無所至,亦不詣於東西南北四維上下。大王!彼水界生時亦空、住時亦空、滅時亦空。如是大王!彼水界性不可得,唯有但用,然彼但用非男非女。
「大王!火界亦二種:一內、二外。大王!何者是內火界?大王!身內所有,及他身內所有所取,火、火體、火相,熱體、熱相、所謂能消飲食者,身中所有溫煖蒸熱入於熱數者。大王!此名身內火界。大王!何者為身外火界?身外所有不取不受者,所謂火、火體、火相,溫煖蒸熱。大王!此名身外火界。大王!又時迦羅羅胞胎中,身內火界增盛、水界漸微,是故迦羅羅漸稠漸堅。大王!譬如鐵器煎煮餳餔,以火力故漸漸稠強。大王,如是如是,以火力故迦羅羅漸稠漸堅。迦羅羅漸稠漸堅故,名遏浮陀。遏浮陀以火力成故,名為卑尸迦。卑尸迦以火力成故,名為堅固。堅固為火成故生於五支。如是如是,大王!彼水界為火界成熟。如是如是,彼水界漸稠漸堅故,成於肉團。大王!彼火界生時無所從來,而能燒滅於彼水界。大王!又時當有病人,身內火界悉皆滅盡。彼病人身內火界既滅盡已,所食之物不復消化。其彼病人不能消故,於後不復更能進食。不能食故,身內火界悉皆滅盡。以彼人不能進食身內火滅故,必當命終。大王!火界滅時不至東方南西北方四維上下。大王!彼火界生時亦空、滅時亦空,而彼火界從本已來體性自空。大王!有時世界壞。世界壞時,身外火界增盛洞一,洞一已遍燒三千大千世界。大王!彼身外火界生時無所從來。大王!又時彼大火聚遍燒三千大千世界已,還復滅盡。大王!彼火滅時,不至東方南西北方四維上下。大王!彼身外火界生時亦空、滅時亦空,彼大火界體性自空,非有、不可得,唯是但用,然彼但用非男非女。
「大王!風界亦二種:一內、二外。大王!何者是身內風界?自己身內及他身內所有風界,所受所取風、風體、風名,速疾、速疾體、速疾名。所謂住身四支者是風,住胃者是風,行五體者是風,行諸子支者亦皆是風,遍行大小支者亦是風,出入息者亦是風。略而言之,遍身行悉皆是風。大王!此名身內風界。大王!又時身內風界增盛集合。彼增盛集合時能枯燥水界,亦能損減火界。于時枯燥水界、損減火界已,令人身無潤澤亦無溫煖、心腹鼓脹四支掘強、諸脈洪滿筋節拘急。彼人爾時受大苦惱,或復命終。大王!彼身內風界生時無所從來。大王!又時彼病人遇值良醫,醫觀彼病人已應病處藥,隨病與藥故風病除愈。大王!彼風界滅時亦無所去。大王!彼身內風界生時亦空、滅時亦空,身內風界體性自空。大王!何者是身外風界?身外所有,身所不取不受者,風、風體、風名,速疾、速疾體、速疾名。大王!此是外風界。大王!又時彼外風界增盛,增盛故風界集合,集合時落葉、折枝條、折樹拔根、崩摧山峯倒壞大山,破析分段漸次散壞乃至微塵。而此三千大千世界,為風所吹周迴旋轉。大王,譬如陶師以杖轉輪,三千大千世界為風所轉亦復如是,如少麥麨為風所吹,碎末為塵難可得見。如是大王!此三千大千世界為風所吹破析作末已,成於微塵。成微塵已亦不可見。大王!譬如大猛風輪起,以一把土隨風散之,乃至微塵亦不可見。如是大王!此三千大千世界為風所吹分析作末,分析作末已乃至無一餘殘微塵可見。大王!彼外風界生時無所從來。大王!又時夏初,彼外風界皆悉隱滅。隱滅故暑熱無風,於草木上無露。以無露故,一切草木無有濕潤。大王!彼外風界滅時亦無所去。大王!彼風界生時亦空、滅時亦空,彼風界體性自空。大王!彼內風界及外風界二俱皆空,體性自離,相亦自離,性亦不可得,滅相亦離。何以故?彼風界非作,無作者故。
「大王!何者是虛空界?虛空界亦二種:有內、有外。大王!何者是內虛空界?若自身內若他身內所受所取,所謂虛空、虛空體、虛空名。此身內所生,入於陰數、亦入入數、亦入界數所有空孔竅,大王!此名身內虛空界。大王!何者外虛空界?外所有非色者,乃至無有如毛等虛空處,名為虛空。大王!此名外虛空界。大王!又時由業因緣故生諸入,彼入等生已圍繞空界,是時得名入內虛空界數。大王!如是一一法中推求,無一眼入可得,唯有但用。大王!何以故空?地界清淨故。如地界清淨空故,如是水火風界清淨故空,彼無所從來。大王!又時一切諸色悉皆壞滅以為虛空。何以故?虛空界無盡故。大王!唯內虛空界安住不動。大王!譬如無為涅槃界安住不動,當知如是虛空界遍一切處。大王!譬如有人於空澤曠野掘作泉池陂井。大王!於意云何?彼諸虛空從何而來?」
王言:「世尊!無所從來。」
佛言:「大王!若使彼人還以土填。大王!於意云何?彼虛空界去何所至?」
王言:「無所去也。何以故?世尊!彼虛空界無來無去。何以故!彼虛空界非男女故。」
佛言:「大王!外虛空界亦復不動,性無變易。虛空界空,非是有法。何以故?虛空界非男非女故。
「大王!何者是識界?如眼為主攀緣於色,對色知故眼識生,或能知青黃赤白雜色,亦知長短麁細。如是一切所有色等物眼識所能覩者,名為眼識界。如是若知聲、若知香、若知味、若知觸、若知法,或知六根所緣所知,是名意識界。大王!又此識界不依諸根亦不依界?何以故。大王!非地淨色為眼入,非水火風淨為眼入。何以故?非地界清淨及諸餘法,以為眼入及具眼入者。如是乃至非水火風界清淨色及諸餘法,以為眼入、具眼入者。何以故?諸法無知故、無了別故、無堪能故、非初非中非後故、非內非外亦非中間。大王!如此識界了前事已,即便謝滅不復更生。彼識生時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。大王!何謂為眼入?謂四大所成清淨色。若使諸法體性自空,何者是清?何者是濁?於諸法中無有淨穢,云何於中而見淨穢?如是大王!是故當知,眼入之體性畢竟空寂,前際後際皆不可得。何以故?未來未至故不可得,過去已滅故不可得,未來未來事不可得。彼眼處亦不可得,自性離故。若體性不可得者,亦無男女性可得。既無男女性,何有我我所?大王!若有我我所者是魔境界,無我我所者是名諸佛如來境界。何以故?一切諸法離我我所故。大王!如實了知眼入空,眼入自性空。何以故?此眼入相不可得,是故此眼入體性空寂。此空離於眼入相是名無相,於相無求故名無願。大王!是名於眼入中三空解脫門現在前。
「大王!何者是耳入界乃至身入?大王!此一切法對三解脫門現前,決定趣法界、究竟遍虛空,不可名、不可說、不可用、不可示,無有諍論、無有語言、不可測量。大王!以眼對色者名為顛倒,如是略說耳聲鼻香舌味身觸意法,是故諸法說名意境界。大王!眼入對色者往矚取著,此眼三種礙:照矚順境生於愛想、若覩違境生於恚想、矚中容境生於捨想。如是諸餘耳鼻舌身皆亦如是,其意矚法亦復如是,若緣順境生於愛心、緣於違境則生瞋恚、於中容境生愚惑心。如是境界是意所行、意遍行,故名意境界。大王!彼意行於順色生於貪欲、行於違色則起恚怒、行中容色起於無明。如是聲香味觸意所緣法,亦行三事起貪瞋癡,謂意緣順境意法生於貪欲、意緣違境意法生於瞋恚、意緣中容境意法生於無明起於愚癡。大王!應當如是知於諸根猶如幻化,知彼境界其猶如夢。大王!如人夢中與諸婇女及眾人等共相娛樂,是人覺已憶念夢中眾人婇女。大王!於意云何?夢中所見是實有不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中所見眾人婇女畢竟是無亦不可得,何況共相娛樂。是人但自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫見可意色,眼見色已心生執著,生執著已起於愛重,起愛重已生染著心,生染著已作染著業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業,造彼業已即便謝滅。是業滅已,不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業,乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人自分業盡、異業現前,大王!如似夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天人中。前識既滅生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於此世至於他世而有生滅。見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名為死數,若初識生名為生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受、受體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂。一切諸法空者,是空解脫門。空無空相,名無相解脫門。若無於相則無願求,名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求。究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!猶如夢中與冤共鬪,是人覺已憶念夢中而共冤鬪。於意云何?夢中所見是實有不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無冤,何況鬪戰。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,眼見不愛之色心不喜樂,於不喜樂而生執著,生執著已便生瞋恚,生瞋恚已其心濁亂造作瞋業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業,乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生恐怖,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如似夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅處、或生天人中。前識既滅生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名為死數,若初識生名為生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受、受體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是,作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離諸相、遠離願求。究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!猶如有人於其夢中為鬼所嬈心生恐怖,是人覺已憶念夢中所夢之鬼。於意云何?夢中所見是實有不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中所見畢竟無鬼,何況怖也。是人但自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫眼覩色已,於捨處色妄生執著,生執著已作執著業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至命根欲盡臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生怖懼,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如似夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅處、或生天人中。前識既滅生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名為死數,若初識生名為生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受、受體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是,作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求。究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!如人夢中見於國中第一端正最勝女人,於彼女邊得聞微妙可愛音樂,彼人聞已以彼樂音而自娛樂受五欲樂。是人覺已,憶念夢中可愛音樂。於意云何?夢中所見是實有不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中所見最勝女人、可愛音樂畢竟是無,況五欲樂。是人但自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,見最勝女人及以音樂稱可其意心生執著,生執著已起於愛樂,既愛樂已生染著心,生染著已作染著業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生忙怖,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如似夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅處、或生天人中。前識既滅生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於此世至於他世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名為死數,若初識生名為生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受、受體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是,作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相是無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求。究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!耳聞惡聲,生於惡心。大王!如人夢中親愛別離,生大苦惱悲號啼哭,或離父母妻子所愛眷屬。是人覺已,憶念夢中親愛別離悲哭等事。於意云何?夢中所見是實有不?」
王言:「不也。」
佛言:「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中所見親愛別離畢竟是無,何況悲泣。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,見聞惡聲而生執著,生執著已起不愛心,以不愛故生於瞋心,生瞋心故造作瞋業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生憂怖,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如似夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天人中,前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名為死數,若初識生名為生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受、受體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是,作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!耳聞捨聲,起於捨相。大王!如人夢中聞不了句義聲,是人覺已憶念夢中所聞之聲。於意云何?夢中聞聲是實有不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有音聲可得,何況當有了義及不了義句。是人空自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,聞於捨聲而生執著,生執著已而生迷惑,生迷惑已造作癡業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造作業已便即謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。是人見已心生執著,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如似夢覺念彼夢中不了句義之聲。大王!如是,最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名為死數,若初識生名為生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空,大王!如是,作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切諸法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!如人夢中以栴檀香,或多摩羅葉香及諸種種餘香用塗己身。是人覺已,憶念夢中栴檀之香,及多摩羅葉香并餘香等。於意云何?如夢中所見,是實有不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有諸香,況塗其身。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,觸聞妙香便生愛著,生愛著已復更深樂,生深樂已起染著心,生染著已作染著業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!如似夢覺憶念夢中所聞諸香。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名為死數,若初識生名為生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是,作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義也。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切諸法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王。如人夢中夢見死蛇死狗死人等尸繫著於頸。是人覺已,憶念夢中所見死蛇死狗死人之尸,心生怖畏。大王!於意云何?如是夢中或以一尸繫著於頸,是真實不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!」
佛言:「是人執於夢中所見之尸。寧為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有死蛇死狗死人之尸,況將繫頸。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是無聞愚癡凡夫,既見臭惡而生執著,生執著已起不愛心,以不愛故生於瞋心,生瞋心故造作瞋業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已便即謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生厭惡,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如似夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名為死數,若初識生名為生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是,作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義也。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!如人夢中夢鼻根壞。是人覺已,憶念夢中所壞鼻根。於意云何?夢中所見,是實有不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有鼻根,況復壞也。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,見鼻根壞便生執著,生執著已起於恐懼,既恐懼已生染著心,生染著已作染著業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生忙怖,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如似夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名入死數,若初識生名入生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是,作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義。大王!當知一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,識根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!如人夢中自身飢渴,得百味饌恣意而食。是人覺已,憶念夢中百味飲食。於意云何?是人所夢是真食不?」
王言:「不也。」
佛言:「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有飲食,況復食也。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,見百種食已心生執著,生執著已起貪樂心,既貪樂已心生染著,生染著已作染著業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生貪樂,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如彼夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名入死數,若初識生名入生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義。大王!當知一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!如人夢中為飢所逼,遇得苦瓠并拘奢得子及絍婆子等而便食之。是人覺已,念於夢中所食苦瓠子等。於意云何?是人所夢是真食苦瓠以不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實便生瞋恚。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有苦瓠及拘奢得子等,況復食也。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,夢為飢所逼心生執著,生執著已作執著業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生妄想,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如彼夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名入死數,若初識生名入生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是,作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義也。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!如人夢中夢舌根壞。是人覺已,憶念夢中舌根毀敗。於意云何?是人所夢是真壞不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂實壞。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有舌根,況復壞也。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,見舌根壞心生執著,生執著已生不愛心,生不愛已作染著業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生怖懼,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如彼夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於此世至於他世而有生滅,見所作業及受異報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名入死數,若初識生名入生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義也。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!猶如夢中自覩國中最勝之女共相抱持。是人覺已,憶念夢中所得細觸。於意云何?是人所夢是真實不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂真實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有此女,況受細觸。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫見可意色,眼見色已心生執著,生執著已起於愛欲,起愛欲已生染著心,生染著已作染著業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生愛喜,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如彼夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於此世至於他世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名入死數,若初識生名入生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義也。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!如人夢中自持熱銅鍱纏被其身。是人覺已,憶念夢中所被銅葉。於意云何?是人所夢是真實不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂真實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有銅葉,況以衣身。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,見恐懼事心生執著,生執著已起於怖畏,起怖畏已作怖畏業,謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生忙懼,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如彼夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天中、或生人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名入死數,若初識生名入生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是,作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義也。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!如人夢中見身根壞不覺諸觸。是人覺已,憶念夢中敗壞之相。於意云何?是人所夢是真實不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有身根,況敗壞也。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,自見身根敗壞心生執著,生執著已起恐怖心,起恐怖心已作恐怖業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生怖懼,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如彼夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天中、或生人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名入死數,若初識生名入生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是,作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義也。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!如人夢中夢見幻師幻作五欲,自見己身與彼圍繞共相娛樂。是人覺已不見五欲,便憶夢中五欲之樂。於意云何?是人所夢是真實不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂真實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有幻師,況復幻作五欲遞相娛樂。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王。如是愚癡無聞凡夫,見是幻師幻作五欲心生執著,生執著已起於愛重,起愛重已生染著心,生染著已作染著業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生愛著,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如彼夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名入死數,若初識生名入生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是,作業果報皆悉不壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!如人夢中夢見大水漂蕩,己身妻子眷屬既見漂已,心生無量種種憂惱。是人覺已,憶念夢中為水所漂憂苦之事。於意云何?是人所夢是真實不?」
王言:「不也。」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執謂真實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有大水,況復漂蕩生大憂惱。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,見水漂蕩心生執著,生執著已其心不喜,心不喜故作不喜業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生忙怖,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如彼夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天中人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名入死數,若初識生名入生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。初識生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗故有,非第一義也。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。
「大王!如人夢中自見己身飲酒惛醉無所覺知,不識罪福善惡尊卑優劣。是人覺已,憶念夢中飲酒迷亂。於意云何?是人所夢是真實不?」
王言:「不也。」
「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂真實。是為智不?」
王言:「不也。世尊!何以故?夢中竟無有酒,況飲惛亂不識尊卑善惡優劣。是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是愚癡無聞凡夫,夢見飲酒惛醉心生執著,生執著已起染愛心,起染愛心已作染愛業,所謂身三、口四、意三種業。造彼業已即便謝滅,是業滅已不依東方而住,亦復不依南西北方四維上下而住。如是之業乃至臨死之時最後識滅,見先所作心想中現。大王!是人見已心生愛著,自分業盡、異業現前。大王!如彼夢覺念夢中事。如是大王!最後識為主,彼業因緣故,以此二緣生分之中識心初起,或生地獄、或生畜生、或生閻魔羅界、或生阿修羅、或生天中人中。前識既滅受生分識生,生分相續心種類不絕。大王!無有一法從於今世至於後世而有生滅,見所作業及受果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、亦無受報者。大王!彼後識滅時名入死數,若初識生名入生數。大王!彼後識起時無所從來,及其滅時亦無所至。其緣生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其業生時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。死時亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。其生亦無所從來,滅時亦無所至。何以故?自性離故。彼後識、後識體性空,緣、緣體性空,業、業體性空,死、死體性空,初識、初識體性空,受生、受生體性空,世間、世間體性空,涅槃、涅槃體性空,起、起體性空,壞、壞體性空。大王!如是作業果報皆不失壞,無有作業者、無有受報者,但隨世俗有,非第一義也。大王當知,一切諸法皆悉空寂,一切諸法空者是空解脫門,空無空相名無相解脫門,若無相者則無願求名無願解脫門。如是大王!一切法皆具三解脫門,與空共行涅槃先道,遠離於相、遠離願求,究竟涅槃界,決定如法界,周遍虛空際。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢。一切譬喻當如是知。」
4.父子合集經卷第十六,日稱譯,六界差別品第二十六之一
爾時淨飯王并諸營從眷屬等,見諸阿脩羅王乃至外道婆羅門蒙佛授記,發希有心,歎未曾有:「世尊言音美妙清徹,一切世間聞者忻悅。」時淨飯王始見如來,以愛戀故,情意慇懃。
爾時世尊知彼父王心之所念,而告之曰:「大王!我所說法初中後善,其義巧妙,清淨一相,梵行圓滿。今正說者,所謂分別六界差別分位法門。王當諦聽!善思念之!」
時淨飯王即白佛言:「善哉!世尊!願樂欲聞,為我宣說,憶持信受。」
佛言:「大王!如是六界、六觸處,十八意所伺察,是補嚕沙為緣得生。云何六界?所謂地界、水界、火界、風界、空界、識界。云何六觸處?謂眼觸處而見於色,若耳觸處得聞其聲,若鼻觸處能嗅於香,若舌觸處悉嘗於味,若身觸處親覺其觸,若意觸處則知於法。云何十八意所伺察,謂眼見色已,若生適悅,若生憂惱,若住於捨;如是六根各各緣彼適悅等三,是名十八意所伺察。大王!云何為內地界?謂於內身所生硬澁,髮毛爪齒,皮肉筋骨。若內地界不生,亦無有滅,則無集行。大王!若時女人,而於內心如所思惟彼補嚕沙,彼補嚕沙亦生愛樂,由二和合羯邏藍生。又復思惟相似和合,而得生者,無有是處;若二女人,無有是處;二補嚕沙,亦無是處;若彼彼思惟而得生者,亦無是處。自體無實,非相應故。云何說此為堅硬性?大王!此堅硬性相似而立,畢竟此身潰爛散滅,唯塚壙中是所歸趣。彼堅硬性從何所來?亦非四方上下而去。大王!此內地界,應如是知。
「大王!云何外地界堅硬性者,如彼世間初建,梵王所居宮殿大寶所成;復生他化自在諸天,所居宮殿皆七寶成。大王!若無地界,彼堅硬性從何所生?復成大地,厚八萬四千踰繕那,縱廣六萬踰繕那;復生輪圍、大輪圍山,堅固安住同一金剛;復生蘇彌盧山、庾健陀山、[寧*頁]泯陀山、伊舍陀山,乃至黑山。如是三千大千世界,次第成已,堅固安住。若無地界,彼堅硬性從何所來?大王!又此地界欲壞滅時,或為火焚,或為水漂,或為風吹,譬然酥油,其焰熾盛,乃至灰燼,不復可見。若為水漂,猶如以鹽投於水中,須臾消散。若為毘嵐猛風所吹,彼時三千大千世界悉皆散壞,淨盡無餘。大王!此外地界生時本空,滅時亦空,自性空故,無有男相,亦無女相;但唯言說之所顯示。如是地界與地界性皆不可得,唯佛正慧而能了知。
「大王!云何內水界?謂此身內所有執受濕潤等性,涎唾、脂髓、膿血、便利為內水界。大王!若時忽見親愛人等,眼中流淚,或為苦惱所逼流淚,或聞深法信重流淚,或為寒風所吹流淚。如是水界從何所來?水相乾時,復何所去?乃至此界壞時,興大黑雲三十二重,遍覆三千大千世界,降霔洪雨,點大如象,晝夜傾注,相續不絕。如是時分經五十劫,其水積滿,上至梵世。大王!此外水界從何所來?又此世界將欲壞時,有二日出,二日出已,小河泉流悉皆枯涸。三日出時,無熱惱池,所出四河亦皆乾竭。四日出時,大海水減一踰繕那,或二或三,漸次減至十踰繕那,或二十踰繕那,次第枯竭至八十踰繕那。有餘水在,或深至一多羅樹,或深至胸臆,或深至牛跡,乃至少水如指面量。當爾之時,大海水中悉皆乾燥淨盡無餘。大王!此水界相,生無所來,滅無所去,生時本空,滅時亦空,自性空故,無有男相亦無女相,但唯言說之所顯示。如是水界與水界性皆不可得,唯佛正智而能了知。
「大王!云何身內火界?若此身中所有執受,溫煖蒸熱咀嚼飲食,成熟變壞便令安和,入熱數者名為火界。云何外火界?謂不執受溫熱相生。若復有人於曠野中尋求火緣,或以蒿艾,或牛糞屑,或兜羅綿,引火生已;或燒草木山林聚落,及餘方處皆為所燒。大王!此火界性生無所來,滅無所去,生時本空,滅時亦空,自性空故,但唯言說之所顯示。如是火界與火界性皆不可得,唯佛正智而能了知。
「大王!云何身內風界輕動等相?謂此內風或時上行,或時下行,或住腹間,或脇或背,或發癮胗,或聚成塊,或如刀裂,或如針刺,出入息等遍滿身支。云何外風界?謂若此風從四方來,或狂暴起,摧折樹木,墮裂山峯,若微細起,飄舉身衣,動多羅樹,名外風界。大王!此風界相生無所來,滅無所去,生時本空,滅時亦空,自性空故,無有男相亦無女相,但唯言說之所顯示。如是風界與風界性皆不可得,唯佛正智而能了知。
「大王!云何內空界?若此身內皮肉血等顯現增長,離質礙性。謂若眼竅耳穴面門咽喉,嚥噉飲食所引滋味,於腸胃間通徹而出。若時業緣引生六處,諸處生已,圍遶空界,此說名入內空界數。然彼空界從何所來?又若方處外所顯現,離質礙性名外空界。大王!若色變壞一切皆空。所以者何?是虛空界本無盡故,安靜不動,猶如涅盤,遍一切處無有障礙。大王!譬如有人於彼高原穿鑿池井。於意云何?是池井中所有空相,從何所來?」
王曰:「無所從來。」
佛言:「大王!設使彼人復填以土。於意云何?空何所去?」
王曰:「空無所去。所以者何?是虛空界無去來故,不住男相,亦非女相。」
「大王!外虛空界本來無動,自性離故,但唯言說之所顯示,除佛正慧而能了知。
「大王!云何識界?謂若眼根為主,緣彼形色及彼表色,名眼識界。若餘五根緣於自境各別建立,名五識界。又此識界,不著於根,不住於境,非內非外及二中間。然此識界,各各了別彼彼境已,即便滅謝,生無所來,滅無所去。大王!識生時空,滅時亦空,自性離故,不住男相亦非女相,但唯言說之所顯示。如是識界與識界性皆不可得,如佛正慧而能了知。
「大王!云何眼處?謂四大種——地界、水界、火界、風界——所造淨色。若地界清淨,則眼處清淨;若水、火、風界清淨,則眼處清淨。何以故?由地界清淨眼處得生,是中無有少法可得。如是乃至風界清淨,眼處得生,是中無有少法可得。何以故?無主宰故,無造作故。猶如涅盤自性清淨。大王!如是眼處各各尋求皆不可得。所以者何?地界空故,則地界清淨,乃至風界空故,則風界清淨。若諸法自性本空,則彼界何有清淨?亦無忿諍。若淨若諍皆不可得,復有何色而可見耶?當知眼處畢竟空故,自性亦空,前際後際皆不可得,未來所造亦不可得。何以故?自性離故。若自性無有,則無男相亦無女相,何有愛樂?若生愛樂是魔境界,若無愛樂是佛境界。何以故?若無愛樂,則能遠離一切諸法。
「大王!云何耳處?謂四大種所造淨色,分別行相,如前所說。大王!諸法解脫,決定現前,如法界空不可施設。大王!諸根各各樂著境界,眼緣色時而生愛樂,是故說色為眼境界。又此眼根緣於色境,有三種相:見可愛色起於貪想;不可愛色起於瞋想;非愛非惡而起捨想。如是乃至意著法處為意境界,若彼意處緣可愛色極生愛樂,為彼所牽引生貪行;不可愛色生於瞋行;愛非愛色起於癡行。如是聲等三種攀緣領納等相,准前應說。
「大王!諸根如幻、境界如夢,譬如有人於夢寐中與諸婇女共相娛樂。大王!於意云何?彼夢覺已,憶所受樂,為實有不?」
王曰:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,為智者不?」
「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中婇女畢竟非有,何況與之共相娛樂,當知是人憶夢中境,徒自疲勞,不復可得。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚癡眾生眼見色已,心生愛樂,復起貪著,為彼所牽,造貪業行,身業三種,語業四種,意業三種。最初造作剎那滅謝,是業不依東西南北四維上下中間而住,於死邊際命根滅時,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺,念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已,各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世,得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時,無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時,無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空,了知業轉無有作者亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!譬若有人於睡夢中,與諸冤對共相鬪戰。於意云何?是人覺已,憶念夢中鬪戰等事,為實有不?」
王曰:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,為智者不?」
王曰:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有冤對,何況與之共相鬪戰?當知是人徒自憂惱,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚癡異生眼見惡色,即生於惱厭離破壞,毀呰過失,造瞋業行。身業三種,語業四種,意業三種,最初造作,剎那滅謝,是業不依東西南北四維上下中間而住,於死邊際命根滅時,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王?身識生時無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空,了知業轉無有作者亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!譬若有人於睡夢中為畢舍遮之所嬈害,心生怖畏,癡迷悶絕。大王!於意云何?是人覺已,憶念夢中為鬼所嬈,為實爾不?」
王曰:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,是智者不?」
王曰:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無鬼所惱,何更說有癡迷悶絕?當知是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚夫異生眼見是色,迷惑不了,造癡業行。身業三種,語業四種,意業三種,最初造作,剎那滅謝,是業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,最後邊際命根滅時,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空。了知業轉無有作者,亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!當知諸根如幻境界如夢,一切諸法皆悉空寂,此名空解脫門;空無空相,名無相解脫門;若無有相即無願求,名無願解脫門。如是三法與空共行,涅盤先道,當如是學。」
父子合集經卷第十七
西天譯經三藏朝散大夫試鴻臚卿宣梵大師賜紫沙門臣日稱等奉 詔譯
六界差別品第二十六之二
佛言:「大王!譬如有人於睡夢中,聞妙樂聲,心生適悅。是人覺已,憶念夢中美妙音樂,是實有不?」
王曰:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執以為實,是智者不?」
王曰:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有樂聲,何況復有生適悅耶?當知是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚夫異生聞可意聲起於愛樂,而生染著,造作惡行,身三、語四、意業三種,作是業已剎那滅謝。是業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,最後邊際命根滅時,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已,各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空,了知業轉無有作者,亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!耳聞惡聲則生憂惱,如人夢中親愛別離,悲號啼哭,生大苦惱。於意云何?是人覺已憶夢中事,是實有不?」
王曰:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,為智者不?」
王曰:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中親愛畢竟無有,何況復有別離事耶?當知是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚夫異生聞其惡聲,則生憂惱,起於瞋心,造作瞋業,所謂身三、語四、意業三種,造彼業已剎那滅謝。是業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,最後邊際命根滅時,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿修羅,若人若天。初識生已,各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空。了知業轉無有作者亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!耳聞捨聲起於捨想,如人夢中聞他宣說不了義句。於意云何?是人覺已憶念夢中所聞之聲,為實有不?」
王曰:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,是智者不?」
王曰:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有音聲,何況更有不了義句。當知是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚夫異生耳聞捨聲,不達義趣,輕慢毀呰,造作癡業。身三、語四、意三種業,最初造作,即便滅謝。是業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,最後邊際命根滅時,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺憶夢中聞不了義句。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空。了知業轉無有作者,亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!當知諸根如幻境界如夢,一切諸法皆悉空寂,此名空解脫門;空無空相,名無相解脫門;若無有相,則無願求,名無願解脫門。如是三法與空共行,涅盤先道決定,如法界周遍虛空際,於此譬喻當如是知。
「大王!譬如有人於睡夢中,以旃檀香或多摩羅葉香及餘香等而以塗身。於意云何?是人覺已,憶念夢中所塗之香,是實有不?」
王曰:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,為智者不?」
王曰:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有諸香,何況復有以塗身耶?當知是人徒自疲勞都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚夫異生初聞妙香便生愛樂,心起染著,造如是業,身三、語四、意三種業,造彼業已,即便滅謝。是業滅已,不依四方四維上下中間而住,乃至最後識滅,自業現前,猶如夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已,各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時,無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空。了知業轉無有作者亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!如人夢中見以死蛇死狗人屍繫己頸上,心生怖畏。於意云何?是人覺已憶念所見,為實有不?」
王曰:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,是智者不?」
王曰:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無死蛇等,何更復有繫之頸耶?當知是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚夫異生見是臭惡,瞋恚毀呰造作是業,身三、語四、意三種業。造是業已剎那滅謝,是業不依東西南北四維上下中間而住,最後邊際命根滅時,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿修羅,若人若天。初識生已各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時,無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時,無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空。了知業轉無有作者亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!譬如有人於睡夢中為彼非人斷其鼻根。於意云何?是人覺已,憶念夢中鼻根斷壞,是實有不?」
王曰:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,是智者不?」
王曰:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有鼻根,何更說有被斷壞耶?當知是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚夫異生見鼻根壞,起恐怖想,造作癡業,身三、語四、意三種業,最初造作剎那滅謝。是業滅已,不依四方四維上下中間而住,最後邊際,命根滅盡,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿修羅,若人若天。初識生已,各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時,無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時,無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空。了知業轉無有作者,亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!當知諸根如幻境界如夢,一切諸法皆悉空寂,此名空解脫門;空無空相,名無相解脫門;若無有相,則無願求,名無願解脫門。如是三法,與空共行,涅盤先道,決定如法界,周遍虛空際;於此譬喻當如是知。
「大王!譬若有人於睡夢中,為彼饑渴之所逼切,遇諸美饌隨意而食。於意云何?是人覺已憶念美饌,為實有不?」
王曰:「不也。」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,是智者不?」
王曰:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無彼美膳,況得食耶?當知是人徒自疲勞都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚夫異生見美食已,心生愛著起於貪行,身三、語四、意三種業,最初造作剎那滅謝。是業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,最後邊際命根滅時,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已,各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時,無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時,無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空。了知業轉無有作者,亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!如人夢中為饑所逼,得其苦瓠并拘賒怛計子、畢租摩哩捺子,而便食之,心生恚恨。於意云何?是人覺已,憶其夢中食苦瓠等,為實有不?」
王曰:「不也。」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,是智者不?」
王曰:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無苦瓠等,況復食耶?當知是人徒自疲勞都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚夫異生夢為饑逼,噉其苦味,心生恚惱,造是業行,身三、語四、意三種行,造彼業已即便滅謝。是業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,最後邊際命根滅時,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已,各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時,無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時,無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空。了知業轉無有作者亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!如人夢中舌根斷壞。於意云何?是人覺已,憶念夢中,是為實不?」
王曰:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,是智者不?」
王曰:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有舌根,況復斷壞?當知是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚夫異生見舌壞已,心生恚惱造是業行,身三、語四、意三種業,造彼業已,剎那滅謝。是業不依四方四維上下而住,最後邊際命根滅謝,自分業報皆悉現前,如夢覺已,念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時,無所從來,滅無所去;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所去;初識生時,無所從來,滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空,自業自業空,初識初識空,若滅滅空,若生生空。了知業轉無有作者亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!當知諸根如幻境界如夢,一切諸法皆悉空寂,此名空解脫門;空無空相,名無相解脫門;若無有相,則無願求,名無願解脫門。如是三法,與空共行,涅盤先道,決定如法界,周遍虛空際;於此譬喻,當如是知。」
佛言:「大王!譬若有人於睡夢中與諸寶媛共相執持,是人覺已,憶念夢中所受妙觸,為實爾不?」
王言:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執以為實,是智者不?」
王言:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有寶媛,況復有彼美妙觸耶?當知是人徒自疲勞,都無所得。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚癡異生寡聞無智,於可意觸而生愛樂,心生染著造如是業,身業三種、語業四種、意業三種,造作彼業,剎那遷謝。是業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,至命終時,見先所作,心想中現,如彼睡覺憶夢中事,最後識滅自業現前。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,作業受報,皆不失壞。或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天,同分種類相續不絕。大王!最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!彼識起時,無所從來,滅無所至;其緣生時,無所從來,滅無所至;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所至。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。何以故?自性空故。如是了知初識初識空,自業自業空,身識身識空,若滅滅空,若生生空,輪迴輪迴空,涅槃涅槃皆自性空,無有作者亦無受者,但隨世俗之所顯示,非第一義作是說也。
「大王!當知諸根如幻境界如夢,一切諸法皆悉空寂,此名空解脫門;空無空相,名無相解脫門;若無相者則無希求,名無願解脫門。若能了此三解脫門,與空共行菩提先道,廣大如法性,究竟如虛空;於此譬喻。當如是知。
「復次,大王!譬如有人於睡夢中,持熱銅鍱以為衣服而自纏身。是人覺已,憶念夢中熾然銅鍱觸身苦惱,為實爾不?」
王言:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執為真實,是智者不?」
王言:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無熱銅鍱,況復觸身受苦惱耶?當知是人徒自疲勞都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚癡寡聞凡夫異生,見恐畏事,心生嫌惡,妄生執著造是惡業,身業三種、語業四種、意業三種,造作彼業,剎那遷謝。是業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,至命終時,見昔所作,心生恐懼,如彼睡覺念夢中事,最後識滅自業現前。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,作業受果皆不失壞,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿修羅,若人若天。初識生已各受其報,同分心品相續而轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!彼識起時,無所從來,滅無所至;彼緣生時,無所從來,滅無所至;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所至。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。何以故?自性空故。如是了知初識初識空,自業自業空,身識身識空,若滅滅空,若生生空,輪迴輪迴空,涅槃涅槃皆自性空。了知業報自性非有,無有作者亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!當知諸根如幻境界如夢,一切諸法皆悉空寂,此名空解脫門;空無空相,名無相解脫門;若無相者,則無希求,名無願解脫門。若能了知三解脫門,與空共行,菩提先道,廣大如法界,究竟如虛空。於此譬喻,當如是知。
「復次,大王!如人夢中自見其身,悉皆散壞不覺諸觸。是人覺已,憶念夢中身根散壞而生憂惱,為實爾不?」
王言:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執以為實,是智者不?」
王言:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有身根,況復散壞?當知是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「如是,如是!愚癡寡聞凡夫異生,自見身壞,心生執著,復起恐怖,造是癡業,身業三種、語業四種、意業三種,造作彼業,剎那遷謝。是業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,至命終時,見先所作,心生惶怖,如彼夢覺,念夢中事,最後識滅自業現前。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,作業受果皆不失壞,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已,各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!初識起時,無所從來,滅無所至;彼緣生時,無所從來,滅無所至;其業生時,無所從來,滅無所至。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。何以故?自性空故。如是了知初識初識空,自業自業空,身識身識空,若滅滅空,若生生空,輪迴輪迴空,涅槃涅槃皆自性空。了知業報自性非有,無有作者亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!當知諸根如幻境界如夢,一切諸法皆悉空寂,此名空解脫門;空無空相,名無相解脫門;若無相者,則無希求,名無願解脫門。若能了此三解脫門,與空共行,菩提先道,廣大如法界,究竟如虛空。於此譬喻,當如是知。
「復次,大王!如人夢中見彼幻師幻作五欲種種欲樂,自見其身為彼圍遶,受諸快樂。是人覺已,憶念夢中所作事業,為實爾不?」
王言:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!於意云何?彼於夢境執以為實,是智者不?」
王言:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無彼幻師,況復變現五欲等事。當知是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚癡寡聞凡夫異生意著於法,心生貪染,復起追求,轉增癡愛,為彼所牽,造如是罪,身業三種、語業四種、意業三種,造作彼業,剎那遷謝。彼業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,至命終時,見昔所作心想中現,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,作業受報,皆不失壞,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!身識生時,無所從來,滅無所至;彼緣生時,無所從來,滅無所至;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所至。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。何以故?自性空故。如是了知初識初識空,自業自業空,身識身識空,若滅滅空,若生生空,輪迴輪迴空,涅槃涅槃皆自性空。作業不可得,受報不可得,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!當知諸根如幻境界如夢,一切諸法皆悉空寂,此名空解脫門;空無空相,名無相解脫門;若無相者則無希求,名無願解脫門。依此了知三解脫門,與空共行,菩提先道,廣大如法界,究竟如虛空。於此譬喻,當如是知。
「復次,大王!譬如有人於睡夢中,為彼瀑流漂沒己身及其眷屬,受諸惶怖種種苦惱。是人覺已,憶念夢中水所漂溺,為實爾不?」
王言:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!是人所夢執以為實,是智者不?」
王言:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無水所漂,況復有彼惶怖苦惱?當知是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚癡寡聞凡夫異生,意著諸法生憂惱處,展轉尋求無對治道,以不了故起諸惡行,身業三種、語業四種、意業三種,造作彼業,剎那遷謝。是業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,至命終時心生惶怖,見昔所作悉現其前,如人夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,作業受果皆不失壞,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。初識生已,各受其報,同分心品相續不絕,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!初識生時,無所從來,滅無所至;彼緣生時,無所從來,滅無所至;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所至。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。何以故?自性空故。如是了知初識初識空,自業自業空,身識身識空,若滅滅空,若生生空,輪迴輪迴空,涅槃涅槃皆自性空,無有作者亦無受者,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!諸根如幻境界如夢,一切諸法皆悉空寂,此名空解脫門;空無空相,名無相解脫門;若無相者,則無希求,名無願解脫門。若能了此三解脫門,與空共行,菩提先道,廣大如法界,究竟如虛空。於此譬喻,當如是知。
「復次,大王!譬如有人於睡夢中,自見其身飲酒惛醉,不識善法及諸惡行,功德過失都不覺知。是人覺已,念夢中事,為實爾不?」
王言:「不也!」
佛言:「大王!於意云何?是人所夢執為真實,是智者不?」
王言:「不也!世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無飲酒者,況惛醉耶?當知是人徒自疲勞,都無有實。」
佛言:「大王!如是,如是!愚癡寡聞凡夫異生,意著諸法,起愛染心造是癡業,身業三種、語業四種、意業三種,造作彼業,剎那遷謝。是業滅已,不依東方南西北方四維上下中間而住,至命終時,見先所作自分業報心想中現,如人夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主,業為攀緣,二種相因,初識生起,作業受報皆不失壞,或趣地獄,或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿脩羅,若人若天。各受其報,同類心品相續隨轉,最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王!身識生時,無所從來,滅無所至;彼緣生時,無所從來,滅無所至;彼業生時,無所從來,滅無所至。大王!無有少法從於此世得至他世。何以故?自性空故。如是了知初識初識空,自業自業空,身識身識空,若滅滅空,若生生空,輪迴輪迴空,涅槃涅槃皆自性空,無有作者亦無受者,若業若報,皆不可得,但唯名相分別顯示。
「大王!諸根如幻境界如夢,一切諸法自性空寂,此名空解脫門;空無空相,名無相解脫門;若無相者,則無希求,名無願解脫門。若能了知三解脫門,與空共行,菩提先道,廣大如法界,究竟如虛空。於此譬喻,當如是知。」
參考 正法念處經生死品 https://upayakusala.blogspot.com/2021/12/blog-post_8.html
《阿毘達磨俱舍釋論》卷7〈3 分別世間品〉:
3.11.3 十八意近行
3.11.3.1 十八意行
[真] 前來多種爭論,於事已足,本所依義今次當說。
[玄] 傍論已終,應弁本義。(alam atiprasaṅginyā kathayā /prakṛtam evānukramyatām //)
[真] 於前已略說心受,偈曰:此復成十八 由心分別行
[玄] 頌曰:此復成十八 由意近行異 (uktā samāsena caitasikī vedanā // punaś cāṣṭādaśavidhā sā manopavicārataḥ //)
[真] 釋曰:此心受更分成十八,由分別十八意行故。
[玄] 論曰:於前略說一心受中,由意近行異,復分成十八,應知此復聲顯乘前起後。(saiva caitasikī vedanā punar āṣṭadaśa manopavicāravyavasthānād aṣṭādadhā bhidyate /punaḥ saṃdhikaraṇaṃ cātra draṣṭavyam /)
3.11.3.1.1 問、答
[真] 何者十八心分別行?
[玄] 此意近行十八云何?(aṣṭādaśamanopavicārāḥ katame /)
[真] 有六喜分別行,有六憂分別行,有六捨分別行。
[玄] 謂喜、憂、捨各六近行。(ṣaṭ saumanasyopacirāḥ ṣaḍ daurmanasyopavicārāḥ ṣaḍ upekṣopavicārāḥ /)
3.11.3.1.2 問、答
[真] 此云何成立?
[玄] 此復何緣立為十八?(katham eṣāṃ vyavasthānam /)
[真] 若由自性應成三:謂喜、憂、捨分別行。
[玄] 若由自性應但有三:喜、憂、捨三自性異故。(yadi svabhāvataḥ /trayo bhaviṣyanti /saumanasya daurmanasyopekṣāvicārāḥ /)
[真] 若由相應應成一,與意識相應故。
[玄] 若由相應應唯有一,一切皆與意相應故。(atha saṃprayoataḥ /eko bhaviṣyati /sarveṣāṃ manaḥ saṃprayuktatvāt /)
[真] 若由境界應成六,緣色等六塵故。
[玄] 若由所緣應但有六,色等六境為所緣故。(athālambanataḥ /ṣaṭ bhaviṣyanti /rūpādiṣaḍvaṣayālambanatvāt /)
[真] 若成立十八,必依三。
[玄] 此成十八,具足由三。(tribhir api sthāpanā /)
3.11.3.2 雜緣和不雜緣
[真] 於中十五名色等分別行,非相雜境界,決定緣色等起故,三名法分別行,有二種心分別行。
[玄] 於中十五色等近行,名不雜緣,境各別故,三法近行皆通二種。(teṣāṃ pañcadaśa rūpādyupavicārā asaṃbhinnālambanāḥ pratiniyatarūpādyālambanatvāt /trayo dharmopavicārā ubhayathā /)
3.11.3.3 意近行名義
[真] 此句何義?
[玄] 意近行名為目何義?(manopavicārā iti ko 'rthaḥ /)
3.11.3.3.1 第一說
[真] 彼說:依意識喜等分別境界。
[玄] 傳說:喜等意為近緣,於諸境中數遊行故。(manaḥ kila pratītyaite saumanasyadayo viṣayānupavicarantīti /)
3.11.3.3.2 第二說
[真] 余師說:於六塵令意分別行。由隨受故,於境界中,意數數分別行故。
[玄] 有說:喜等能為近緣。令意於境數遊行故。(viṣayeṣu vā mana upavicārayantīty apare / vedanāvaśena manaso viṣayeṣu punaḥ punar vicaraṇāt /)
3.11.3.4 意近行的範圍
3.11.3.4.1 問、答
[真] 云何身受不說為意分別?
[玄] 如何身受非意近行?(kasmāt kāyikī vedanā na manopavicāraḥ /)
[真] 此受不依意不能分別,由五識無分別故,是故不應為分別行。
[玄] 非唯依意故不名近,由無分別,故亦非行。(naiva hy asau mana evāśritā nāpy upavicārikā 'vikalpakatvād ity ayogaḥ /)
[真] 第三定樂,云何不入分別行中攝?
[玄] 第三靜慮意地樂根,意近行中何故不攝?(tṛtīyadhyānasukhasya kasmān manopavicāreṣv agrahaṇam /)
[真] 從初於欲界中無心地樂根故,能對治此苦分別行無故。
[玄] 傳說:初界意識相應無樂根故,又無所對苦根所攝意近行故。(āditaḥ kila kāmadhātau manobhūmikasukhendriyābhāvāt tatpratidvaṃdvena duḥkhopavicārābhāvāc ceti /)
3.11.3.4.2 難、通
[真] 若彼但依心地起,此義云何?經言:由眼見色已,堪為喜處即分別行。
[玄] 若唯意地,何故經言:眼見色已,於順喜色起喜近行,廣說如經?(yadi manobhūmikā evaite /yattarhi sūtra uktaṃ "cakṣuṣā rūpāṇi dṛṣṭvā saumanasya sthāno yāni rūpāṇy upavicarantīty evamādiḥ / katham /)
[真] 如是等依五識所引意,故說如此。
[玄] 依五識身所引意地喜等近行故作是說。(pañcavijñānakāyābhinirhṛtavam abhisaṃdhāyaitad uktaṃ)
[真] 若實判十八,皆以意識為地,譬如不淨觀,眼識所引在於心地。
[玄] 如依眼識引不淨觀,此不淨觀唯意地攝。("manobhūmikā hy ete /tadyathā 'śubhā cakṣurvijñānābhinirhṛtā ca manobhūmikā ce"ti /)
[真] 復次,見已乃至觸已,由此言說故,不可為難。
[玄] 又彼經言:眼見色已乃至廣說;故不應難。(api tu "dṛṣṭvā yāvat spṛṣṭve"ti vacanāt /acodyam evaitat /)
[真] 若不見乃至不觸,起分別行,此亦意分別行。
[玄] 若雖非見乃至觸已,而起喜、憂、捨,亦是意近行。(ye 'py adṛṣṭvā yāvad aspṣṭvopavicaranti te 'pi manopavicārāḥ /)
[真] 若不爾,於欲界中緣色界,於色等中不應有分別行。
[玄] 若異此者,在欲界中應無緣色界色等意近行。(itrathā hi kāmadhātau rūpadhātvālambanā rūpādyupavicārā na)
[真] 緣欲界香、味、觸,於色界中分別行亦不應成。
[玄] 又在色界,應無緣欲香、味、觸境諸意近行。(yuḥ kāmadhātvālambanāś ca rūpadhātau gandharasaspraṣṭavyopavicārāḥ /)
[真] 隨明了道理故,如此說。若人見色,於聲分別行,此亦是分別行。
[玄] 見色等言,隨明了說,見色等已,於聲等中起憂捨亦意近行。(yathā tu yaktataraṃ tathoktaṃ yo 'pi rūpāṇi dṛṣṭvā śabdānupavicarati so 'pi manopavicāraḥ /)
[真] 隨不相濫故說,由定判根塵故。
[玄] 隨無雜亂故作是說,於中建立根境定故。(thātvanākulaṃ tathoktam indriyārthasya vyavacchedataḥ /)
3.11.3.5 意近行和所緣問
3.11.3.5.1 問、答
[真] 為有如此色定為喜處乃至定為捨處不?
[玄] 為有色等於喜等三唯能順生一近行不?(kim asti rūpaṃ yat saumanasya thāno yam eva syāt yāvad upekṣāsthānīyam eva /)
[真] 有約相續決定,非約境界。
[玄] 有就相續,非約所緣。(asti saṃtānaṃ niyamayya na bālambanam //)
31.欲緣欲十八,色十二上三,二緣欲十二。
kāme svālambanāḥ sarve rūpī dvādaśagocaraḥ /
trayāṇām uttaraḥ dhyānadvaye dvādaśa kāmagāḥ // VAkK_3.33 //
3.11.4 十八意近行的界繫分別
3.11.4.1 意近行的界繫分別
[真] 於分別行中,幾與欲界相應?於中幾種?何法為境界?乃至於無色界,亦應如此問。
[玄] 諸意近行中,幾欲界繫?欲界意近行幾何所緣?色、無色界為問亦爾。(athaiṣāṃ manopavicārāṇāṃ kati kāmapratisaṃyuktās teṣāṃ ca kati kim ālambanā vaṃ yāvad ārupyapratisaṃyuktā vaktavyāḥ /)
[真] 偈曰:一切緣欲界
[玄] 頌曰:欲緣欲十八 (āha kāme svālambanāḥ sarve)
3.11.4.2 欲界繫的意近行
[真] 釋曰:於欲界中,具有十八,是五為一切境界。
[玄] 論曰:欲界所繫具有十八,緣欲界境,其數亦然。(kāmadhātau sarve 'ṣṭādaśa santi sa ca teṣāṃ sarveṣām ālambanam /)
[真] 於中,偈曰:有色十二境
[玄] 頌曰:色十二 (teṣām eva rupī dvādaśagocaraḥ /)
[真] 釋曰:色界十二意分別行境界,除六香、味分別,於彼無此二故。
[玄] 緣色界境唯有十二,除香味六,彼無境故。(rūpadhātur dvādaśānām ālambanaṃ ṣaṭ gandharasopavicārānapāsya /tatra tayor abhāvāt /)
[真] 偈曰:三後
[玄] 頌曰:上三 (trayāṇām uttaraḥ)
[真] 釋曰:境界從上流,若無色界,但三法分別行境界,於彼色等無故。
[玄] 緣無色境唯得有三,彼無色等五所緣故。(gocara iti vartate /ārupyadhātus trayāṇāṃ dharmepavicārāṇām ālambanam /tatra rūpādyabhāvāt //)
3.11.4.3 色界繫的意近行
[真] 說欲界相應已,與色界相應今當說。
[玄] 說欲界繫已,當說色界繫。(uktāḥ kāmapratisaṃyukatāḥ /rūpapratisaṃyuktā vaktavyāḥ /)
[真] 偈曰:於二定十二
[玄] 頌曰:二緣欲十二 (tatra tāvat dyānadvaye dvādaśa)
[真] 釋曰:除六憂分別行,所余十二與二定相應。
[玄] 初、二靜慮唯有十二,謂除六憂,緣欲界境亦有十二。(daurmanasyopavicārānapāsya /te ca dvādaśa )
[真] 云何如此?偈曰:行欲界 (kāmagāḥ //)
[真] 釋曰:若彼緣欲界。(kāmān gacchantīti kāmagāḥ / kāmadhātum ālabhvanta ity arthaḥ /dṛṣṭo hi viṣayāṇāṃ grahaṇārthe gamiprayogaḥ /katham etat gamyate /evam etat gamyate iti /)
32.八自二無色,後二緣欲六,四自一上緣。
svo 'ṣṭālambanam ārūpyo dvayoḥ dhyānadvaye tu ṣaṭ /
kāmāḥ ṣaṇṇāṃ caturṇā svaḥ ekasyālambanaṃ paraḥ // VAkK_3.34 //
[真] 偈曰:自八境
[玄] 頌曰:八自 (svo 'ṣṭālambanam)
[真] 釋曰:此色界,若為自分別行境界,但八分別行境界,除香味四分別行故。
[玄] 除香味四,餘八自緣。(sa eva rūpadhātus teṣaṃ svaḥ /svo 'ṣṭānāṃ manopavicārāṇām ālambanaṃ gandharasopavicārāṃś caturo hitvā /)
[真] 偈曰:無色二
[玄] 頌曰:二無色 (ārupyo dvayoḥ)
[真] 釋曰:無色界為二法分別行境界。
[玄] 二緣無色,謂法近行。(dharmopavicārayor ālambanam /)
[真] 偈曰:於二定六
[玄] 頌曰:後二 (dhyānadvaye tu ṣaṭ /)
[真] 釋曰:於第三、第四定,但六捨分別行,無余。
[玄] 三、四靜慮唯六,謂捨。(tṛtīyacaturthayodhryānyoḥ ṣaḍupekṣopavicārā eva santi nānye /)
[真] 此六境界,偈曰:欲界六
[玄] 頌曰:緣欲六 (teṣāṃ punar ālambanaṃ kāmāḥ ṣaṇṇāṃ)
[真] 釋曰:若緣欲界,此成六捨分別行境界。
[玄] 緣欲界境亦得有六。(kāmadhātuḥ ṣaṇṇām apy ālambanam /)
[真] 偈曰:自四
[玄] 頌曰:四自 (caturṇāṃ svaḥ)
[真] 釋曰:若緣自界,但四捨分別行境界,無香味故。
[玄] 除香味二,餘四自緣。(rūpadhātuś caturṇāṃ tatra gandharasābhāvāt /)
[真] 偈曰:余界一境界
[玄] 頌曰:一上緣 (ekasyālambanaṃ paraḥ //)
[真] 釋曰:無色界異下二界故稱余,此唯一法分別行境界。
[玄] 一緣無色,謂法近行。(ārupyadhātur ekasyaiva dharmopavicārasyālambanam /)
33.初無色近分,緣色四自一,四本及三邊,唯一緣自境,十八唯有漏。
catvāro 'rūpisāmante rūpagāḥ eka ūrdhvagaḥ /
eko maule svaviṣayaḥ sarve 'ṣṭādaśa sāsravāḥ // VAkK_3.35 //
3.11.4.4 無色繫的意近行
[真] 說色界相應已,與無色界相應今當說。
[玄] 說色界繫已,當說無色繫。(uktā rūpapratisaṃyuktāḥ /ārupyapratisaṃyuktā idānam ucyante/)
[真] 偈曰:有四於色邊
[玄] 頌曰:初無色近分 (catvāro 'rupisāmante)
[真] 釋曰:空無邊入道,說此名色邊。(ākāśānantyāyatanasāmantakam atrārupisāmantakam /)
[真] 於中有四分別行,謂色、聲、觸、法分別行。
[玄] 空處近分唯有四種,謂捨但緣色、聲、觸、法。(tatra catvāro rūpaśabdaspraṣṭavyadharmopavicārāḥ /)
3.11.4.4.1 空無邊處的近分的近行
[真] 偈曰:行色
[玄] 頌曰:緣色四 (te ca rūpagāḥ)
[真] 釋曰:此四緣第四定為境。
[玄] 緣第四靜慮亦具有四種。(caturthaṃ hi dhyānam eṣām ālambanam /)
[真] 若人執如此,則離四為境界。
[玄] 此就許有別緣者說。(yeṣāṃ tat vyavacchinnālambanam asti)
[真] 若人執合第四定為境界,於中但一總境界,謂法塵分別行。
[玄] 若執彼地,唯總緣下,但有雜緣法意近行。(yeṣāṃ punaḥ paripiṇḍitālambanaṃ teṣāṃ tatraika eva saṃbhinnālambano dharmopavicāraḥ /)
[真] 偈曰:一行上
[玄] 頌曰:自一 (eka ūrdhvagaḥ /)
[真] 釋曰:若道分別行,緣無色界起,但一,謂法塵分別行。
[玄] 緣無色界唯一,謂法。(eka eva dharmopavicāras tatrārupyadhātvālambanaḥ /)
3.11.4.4.2 四根本無色和上三近分的近行
[真] 偈曰:一於本
[玄] 頌曰:四本及三邊 唯一 (eko maule)
[真] 釋曰:若於根本、無色界,但一法塵分別行,無余。
[玄] 四根本地及上三邊唯一,謂法。(maule punar ārupye dharmopavicāra evaiko 'sti nānyaḥ /)
[真] 此行,偈曰:自境
[玄] 頌曰:緣自境 (sa cāpi svaviṣayaḥ)
[真] 釋曰:但緣無色界,何以故?無色根本定不得取下界為境界故,此義後當顯說。
[玄] 但緣自境,無色根本不緣下故,彼上三邊不緣色故,不緣下義如後當弁。(ārupyadhātvālambana eva /na hi maulānām ārupyāṇām adharo dhātur ālambanam iti paścāt prativedaviṣyāmaḥ /)
3.11.5 有關十八意近行的諸問題和三十六師句
3.11.5.1 十八近行的有漏無漏分別
[真] 如此等意分別行,偈曰:處十八有流
[玄] 此意近行通無漏耶?頌曰:十八唯有漏 (ete ca manopavicārāḥ sarve 'ṣṭādaśa sāsravāḥ/)
[真] 釋曰:於中,無一分別行是無流故,言諸有流。
[玄] 論曰:無意近行通無漏者,故言十八唯是有漏。(nāsti kaścid anāsravah /)
3.11.5.2 意近行的成就不成就分別
[真] 何人復幾意分別行共相應?
[玄] 誰成就幾意近行耶?(kaḥ katibhiḥ samanvāgataḥ /)
[真] 若人生於欲界,未得色界善心,與一切欲界分別行相應;與初定、二定地,八分別行相應;與三定、四定,四分別行相應;悉有染污,除緣香、味境故;於無色界與一染污分別行相應。
[玄] 謂生欲界,若未獲得色界善心,成欲一切,初、二定八,三、四定四,無色界一,所成上界皆不下緣,唯染污故。(kāmadhātūpapanno rūpāvacarasya kuśalasya cittasyālābhī kāmāvacaraiḥ sarvaiḥ prathamadvitīyadhyānabhūmikair aṣṭābhiḥ tṛtīyacaturthadhyānabhūmikaiś caturbhiḥ kliṣṭair gandharasālambanān paryudasya ārupyāvacareṇaikena kliṣṭenaivālābhī)
[真] 若人得色界心未得離欲,與欲界一切分別行相應,與初定有十分別行相應。
[玄] 若已獲得色界善心未離欲貪,成欲一切,初靜慮十,餘說如前。(rūpāvacarasya kuśalasya cittasyā vitarāgaḥ sarvaiḥ kāmāvacaraiḥ prathamadhyānabhumikair daśabhiḥ /)
[真] 有四染污、喜分別行,除能緣香、味境故,有六種捨分別行,未來定為地。
[玄] 初靜慮中,唯成四喜、染,不緣下香、味境故;捨具成六,未至定中善心,得緣香味境故。(caturbhiḥ saumanasyopavicāraiḥ kliṣṭair gandharasālambanau vyudasya ṣaḍbhir upekṣopavicārair anāgamyabhūmikaiḥ /)
[真] 第二、第三、第四定及無色界,分別行相應,應知如前。(dvitīyadhyānabhūmikair aṣṭābhiḥ /tṛtīyacaturthadhyānārupyabhūmikaiḥ pūrvavat /)
[真] 由此道理,所余應自隨判。
[玄] 餘隨此理如應當知。(anayā varttanyā śeṣam anugantavyam /)
[真] 若人已生定地,於欲界與一捨法分別行相應,謂欲界變化心。
[玄] 若生色界,唯成欲界一捨法近行,謂通果心俱。(dhyānopapannas tu kāmāvacareṇaikenopekṣādharmopavicāreṇa nirmāṇacittasaṃprayuktena samanvāgato veditavyaḥ /)
3.11.5.3 對意近行的有說
[真] 有余師說:有如此意分別行義,如毗婆沙師立。
[玄] 有說:如是諸意近行,毗婆沙師隨義而立。(apara āhaṃ /asty evaṃ manopavicārāṇāṃ vaibhāṣikīyo 'rthaḥ /)
[真] 於經中見分別行義異於此。
[玄] 然我所見經義有殊。(sūtrārthas tv anyathā dṛśyate /)
[真] 何以故?若人從此地離欲,此人不得緣此為境起分別行。
[玄] 所以者何?非於此地已得離染,可緣此境起意近行。(nahi yo yasmād vītarāgaḥ sa tadālambanam upavicaratīti yuktam /)
[真] 是故雖復有流,非一切喜等是意分別行。
[玄] 故非有漏喜、憂、捨三皆近行攝。(ataḥ sāsravā api na sarve saumanasyādayo manopavicārāḥ/)
[真] 若爾,以何為分別行?若有染污,若意,由彼能分別行於境界,故彼名分別行。
[玄] 唯雜染者與意相牽,數行所緣,是意近行。(kiṃ tarhi /sāṃkleśikā yair mano viṣayānupavicaratīti /)
3.11.5.3.1 問、有人答
[真] 云何分別行?
[玄] 云何與意相牽數行?(kathaṃ copavicarati /)
[真] 或愛著於境,或憎惡於境,或不簡擇捨境,為對治此三故,如來說六恆住法門。
[玄] 或愛,或憎,或不擇捨,為對治彼,說六恆住。(anunīyate ca pratihanyate cāpratisṃkhyāya copekṣate yeṣāṃ pratipakṣeṇa ṣaṭ sātatā vihārā bhavanti /)
[真] 如經言:由眼見色,不生喜心,不生憂心,住捨心,有念有智,乃至由意知諸法亦如此。
[玄] 謂見色已,不喜,不憂,心恆住捨,具念、正智,廣說乃至知法亦爾。(cakṣuṣā rūpāṇi dṛṣṭvā naiva sumanā bhavati na durmanā upekṣako viharati smṛtimān saṃprajānan evaṃ yāvan manasā dharmān vijñāyeti /)
[真] 云何知如此?諸阿羅漢人不無世間善緣法喜根,若有染污為分別行,應知此法門為對治。
[玄] 非阿羅漢無有世間緣善法喜,但為遮止雜染近行,故作是說。(nahy arhato laukikaṃ nāsti kuśalaṃ dharmālambanaṃ saumanasyaṃ yat tu tatsāṃkleśikaṃ manasa upavicārabhutaṃ tasyaiva pratiṣedho lakṣyata iti /)
3.11.5.4 三十六師句之說
[真] 復次,喜等或三十六寂靜足,由依愛著、出離差別故。
[玄] 又即喜等為三十六師句,謂為耽嗜、出離依別。(punas ta eva saumanasyādayaḥ ṣaṭtriṃśacchāstṛpadāni bhavanti /gardhanaiṣkramyāśritabhedena /)
[真] 此差別是阿毗達磨所說故。
[玄] 此句差別大師說故。(tadbhedasya śāstrā gamitatvāt /)
[真] 此中,依愛著,皆悉染污;依出離,皆悉是善。
[玄] 耽嗜依者,謂諸染受;出離依者,謂諸善受。(tatra gardhāśritāḥ kliṣṭā naiṣkramyāśritāḥ kuśalāḥ /)
3.11.5.4.1 受支結語
[真] 如此有分名受,應知有無量差別。
[玄] 如是所說受有支中,應知義門無量差別。(evam etad vedanākhyaṃ bhavāṅgam anekaprakārabhedaṃ veditavyam /)
4. tatra yathā nirātmānaś ca sarvadharmāḥ | karmaphalasaṃbandhāvirodhaś ca niḥsvabhāvatā ca yathādṛṣṭasarvadharmāvirodhaś ca | tathā pitṛputrasamāgame darśitam | ṣaḍdhātur ayaṃ mahārāja puruṣaḥ ṣaṭsparśāyatanaḥ | aṣṭādaśamanopavicāraḥ | ṣaḍdhātur ayaṃ mahārāja puruṣa iti | na khalu punar etad yuktaṃ | kiṃ vaitad pratītyoktaṃ ṣaḍ ime mahārāja dhātavaḥ | katame ṣaṭ | tad yathā pṛthivīdhātur abdhātus tejodhātur vāyudhātur ākāśadhātur vijñānadhātuś ca | ime mahārāja ṣaḍ dhātavaḥ ||
yāvat ṣaḍ imāni mahārāja sparśāyatanāni | katamāni ṣaṭ | cakṣuḥ sparśāyatanaṃ rūpāṇāṃ darśanāya | śrotraṃ sparśāyatanaṃ śabdānāṃ śravaṇāya | ghrāṇaṃ sparśāyatanaṃ gandhārāmāghrāṇāya | jihvā sparśāyatanaṃ rasānām āsvādanāya | kāyasparśāyatanaṃ spraṣṭavyānāṃ sparśanāya | manaḥsparśāyatanaṃ dharmāṇāṃ vijñānāya | imāni ca mahārāja ṣaṭ sparśāyatanāni || pe ||
aṣṭādaśeme mahārāja manopavicārāḥ | katame 'ṣṭādaśa | iha puruṣaś cakṣuṣā rūpāṇi dṛṣṭvā | saumanasyadaurmanasyopekṣāsthānīyāny upavicarati | evaṃ śrotrādiṣu vācyaṃ | tena pratyekam indriyaṣaṭkena saumanasyāditrayāṇāṃ bhedād aṣṭādaśa manopavicārā bhavanti | pe | katamaś ca mahārājādhyātmikaḥ pṛthivīdhātuḥ | yat kiñcid asmin kāye 'dhyātmaṃ kakkhaṭatvaṃ kharagatam upāttaṃ | tat punaḥ katamat | tad yathā | keśā romāṇi nakhā dantā ity ādi | ayam ucyata ādhyātmikaḥ pṛthivīdhātuḥ ||
katamaś ca mahārāja bāhyaḥ pṛthivīdhātuḥ | yat kiñcid bāhyaṃ kakkhaṭvaṃ kharagatam anupāttam ayam ucyate bāhyaḥ pṛthivīdhātuḥ | tatra mahārājādhyātmikaḥ pṛthivīdhātur utpadyamāno na kutaścid āgacchati nirudhyamāno na kvacit saṃnicayaṃ gacchati | bhavati mahārāja sa samayo yat strī adhyātmam ahaṃ strīti kalpayati | sādhyātmam ahaṃ strīti kalpayitvā bahirdhā puruṣaṃ puruṣa iti kalpayati | sā bahirdhā puruṣaṃ puruṣa iti kalpayitvā saṃraktā satī bahirdhā puruṣeṇa sārdhaṃ saṃyogam ākāṅkṣate | puruṣo 'dhyātmaṃ puruṣo 'smīti kalpayatīti pūrvavat | tayoḥ saṃyogākāṅkṣayā saṃyogo bhavati | saṃyogapratyayāt kalalaṃ jāyate | tatra mahārāja yaś ca saṃkalpo yaś ca saṃkalpayitā | ubhayam etan na saṃvidyate | striyāṃ strī na saṃvidyate | puruṣe puruṣo na saṃvidyate | iti hy asann asadbhūtaḥ saṃkalpo jātaḥ | so 'pi saṃkalpāsvabhāvena na saṃvidyate | yathā saṃkalpas tathā saṃyogo 'pi kalalam api svabhāvena na saṃvidyate | yaś ca svabhāvato na saṃvidyate tat kathaṃ kakkhaṭatvaṃ janayiṣyati | iti hi mahārāja saṃkalpaṃ jñātvā kakkhaṭatvaṃ veditavyaṃ yathā kakkhaṭatvam utpadyamānaṃ na kutaścid āgacchati | nirudhyamānaṃ na kvacit saṃnicayaṃ gacchatīti | bhavati mahārāja samayo yad ayaṃ kāyaḥ śmaśānaparyavasāno bhavati | tasya tat kakkhaṭatvaṃ saṃklidyamānaṃ nirudhyamānaṃ na pūrvāṃ diśaṃ gacchati | na dakṣiṇāṃ | na paścimāṃ | nottarāṃ | nordhvaṃ | nādho | na tu vidiśaṃ gacchati | evaṃ mahārājādhyātmikaḥ pṛthivīdhātur draṣṭavyaḥ | bhavati mahārāja sa samayo yadākāśībhūte lokasaṃniveśe brāhmaṃ vimānaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate mahāratnamayaṃ | tan mahārāja kakkhaṭatvam utpadyamānaṃ na kutaścid āgacchati | cakravāḍamahācakravāḍāḥ saṃtiṣṭhante dṛḍhāḥ sārā ekaghanā vajramayās teṣām api kakkhaṭatvam utpadyamānaṃ na kutaścid āgacchati | sumeravaḥ parvatarājāno yugaṃdharā nimiṃdharā īśādharā yāvat kālaparvatāḥ saṃtiṣṭhante | sarvaś ca trisāhasramahāsāhasro lokadhātuḥ saṃtiṣṭhate | caturaśītir yojanasahasrāṇy udvedhena | madhye cāṣṭaṣaṣṭiṃ yojanaśatasahasraṃ mahāpṛthivī saṃtiṣṭhate | tad api mahārāja kakkhaṭatvaṃ samudāgacchat kutaścid āgacchati | bhavati mahārāja sa samayo yadāyaṃ lokaḥ saṃvartate | tadeyaṃ mahāpṛthivī agninā vā dahyate 'dbhir vā klidyate vāyunā vā vikīryate | tasyā agninā dahyamānāyā maṣir api na prajāyate tad yathāpi nāma sarpiṣo vā tailasya vāgninā dahyamānasya na maṣir na chāyikā prajñāyate evam evāsyās trisāhasramahāsāhasrāyā lokadhātor agninā dahyamānāyā naiva maṣir na chāyikāvaśiṣṭā prajñāyate | evam adbhir lavaṇavilayavad vāyunā vairambhavātābhihataśakuntavat pṛthivyāṃ na kiñcid avaśiṣṭaṃ prajñāyatae iti paṭhyate | tatra mahārāja pṛthivīdhātor utpādo 'pi śūnyaḥ vyayo 'pi śūnya utpanno 'pi pṛthivīdhātuḥ svabhāvaśūnya | iti hi mahārāja pṛthivīdhātuḥ pṛthivīdhātutvena nopalabhyate 'nyatra vyavahārāt | so 'pi vyavahāro na strī na puruṣaḥ | evam evaitan mahārāja yathābhūtaṃ samyakprajñayā draṣṭavyaṃ | tatra katamo 'bdhātuḥ | yad idam asmin kāye 'dhyātmaṃ pratyātmam āpaḥ | abgataṃ | aptvaṃ snehaḥ | snehagataṃ snehatvaṃ dravatvam upagatam upāttaṃ ||
tat punaḥ katamat | tad yathā | aśru svedaḥ kheṭaḥ siṅghāṇakaṃ vaśā lasikā majjā medaḥ pittaṃ śleṣmā pūyaḥ śoṇitaṃ kṣīraṃ prasrāva ity ādir ayam ucyante ādhyātmiko 'bdhātuḥ | pe ||
bhavati mahārāja sa samayo yat priyaṃ dṛṣṭvāśru pravartate | duṣkhena cābhyāhatasya dharmasaṃvegena vāśru pravartate | vātena vākṣi prasyandate | yāvat sa mahārājābdhātur na kutaścid āgacchati | bhavati mahārāja sa samayo yadādhyātmiko 'bdhātuḥ pariśuṣyati | sa pariśuṣyan nirudhyamāno na kvacid gacchati | pe | vivartamāne khalu punar loke samantād dvātriṃśat paṭalā abhraghanāḥ saṃtiṣṭhante saṃsthāya sarvāvantaḥ | trisāhasramahāsāhasraṃ lokadhātuṃ chādayanti | yataḥ pañcāntarakalpān īṣādhāro devo varṣati | evaṃ pañca gajaprameho devo varṣati | pañcācchinnadhāraḥ |pañca sthūlabindukaḥ | tata iyaṃ mahāpṛthivī yāvad brahmalokād udakena sphuṭā bhavati | sa mahārāja tāvan mahān abdhātur utpadyamāno na kutaścid āgacchati | bhavati mahārāja sa samayo yad ayaṃ lokaḥ saṃvartate | saṃvartamāne khalu punar loke dvitīyasya sūryasya prādurbhāvo bhavati | dvitīyasya sūryasa loke prādurbhāvād utsāḥ sarāṃsi kunadyaś ca śuṣyanti | evaṃ tṛtīyasya mahotsā mahānadyaḥ | caturthasyānnavataptaṃ mahāsaraḥ sarveṇa sarvam ucchuṣyati | caturthasya sūryasya prādurbhāvān mahāsamudrasya yojanikam apy udakaṃ parikṣayaṃ paryādānaṃ gacchati | dviyojanikam api tricatuḥpañcadaśaviṃśatitriṃśaccatvāriṃśatpañcāśadyojanikam api yāvac catvāriṃśadyojanasahasram udakam avaśiṣṭaṃ bhavati | yāvad dvitālamātraṃ |yāvat kaṇṭhamātraṃ | yāvad goṣpadamātram udakam avaśiṣṭaṃ bhavati | bhavati mahārāja sa samayo yan mahāsamudre pṛthitapṛthitāny avaśiṣṭāni bhavanti | pe ||
bhavati mahārāja sa samayo yan mahāsamudre 'ṅgulisnehamātram apy udakaṃ nāvaśiṣṭaṃ bhavati | sa mahārāja tāvān abdhātur nirudhyamāno na kvacid gacchati | pe | tasya khalu punar mahārājābdhātor utpādo 'pi śūnyaḥ | vyayo 'pi śūnyaḥ tiṣṭhann api so 'bdhātuḥ svabhāvaśūnya iti hi mahārājābdhātur abdhātutvenopalabhyate 'nyatra vyavahāramātrāt | so 'pi vyavahāro na strī na puruṣaḥ pūrvavat ||
ādhyātmikas tejodhātuḥ katamaḥ ||
yat kiñcid asmin kāye tejas tejogatam ūṣmagatam upagatam upāttaṃ | tat punaḥ katamat | yenāyaṃ kāya ātapyate saṃtapyate | yena vāsyāsitapītakhāditāni samyaksukhena paripākaṃ gacchati | yasya cotsadatvāj jvarito jvarita iti saṃkhyāṃ gacchati || pe ||
bāhyas tejodhātuḥ katamaḥ | yad bāhyaṃ tejas tejogatam ūṣmagatam upagatam upāttaṃ | tat punaḥ katamat | yan manuṣyā araṇīsahagatebhyo garbhalasahagatebhyo vā gomayacūrṇena vā kārpāsapicunāvāsam anveṣante yad utpannaṃ grāmam api dahati grāmapradeśam api dahati yāvad dvīpaṃ vā kakṣaṃ tṛṇānāṃ vā dāvaṃ vā kāṣṭhaṃ vā yāvad dahan paraitīty ādi |tatra mahārājādhyātmikas tejodhātur utpadyate na kutaścid āgacchati nirudhyamāno na kvacit saṃnicayaṃ gacchati | iti hy abhūtvā bhavati bhūtvā ca prativigacchati svabhāvarahitatvāt ||
evaṃ yat kiñcid asmin kāye vāyur vāyugataṃ laghutvaṃ samudīraṇatvaṃ | tat punaḥ katamat | tad yathā ūrdhvagamā vāyavo 'dhogamāḥ pārśvāśrayāḥ pṛṣṭhāśrayāḥ kukṣigamāḥ śastrakāḥ kṣurakāḥ sūcakāḥ pippalakā vātāṣṭhīlā vātagulmā āśvāsapraśvāsā aṅgānusāriṇo vāyava ity ādi | santi bahirdhā pūrve vāyavo dakṣiṇāḥ paścimā uttarā vāyavaḥ sarajasaḥ arajasaḥ parīttā mahadgatā vāyava iti | bhavati mahārāja sa samayo yan mahāvāyuskandhaḥ samudāgataḥ | vṛkṣāgrān api pātayati | kuḍyān api parvatāgrān api pātayati | pātayitvā nirupādāno vigacchati | yaṃ satvāś cīvarakarṇikena vā vidhamanakena vātānuvṛttena vā paryeṣyante | yāvad ayam ucyate bāhyo vāyudhātuḥ | tasyāpy utpattiḥ pūrvavat ||
ādhyātmika ākāśadhātuḥ katamaḥ | yat kiñcid asmin kāye 'dhyātmaṃ pratyātmam upagatam upāttam ākāśagatam ihābhyantarasaṃkhyābhūtaṃ | asphuṭam aspharaṇīyaṃ tvaṅmānsaśoṇitena | tat punaḥ katamat | yad asmin kāye cakṣuḥ suṣiram iti vā yāvan mukhaṃ vā mukhadvāraṃ vā kaṇṭhaṃ vā kaṇṭhanāḍyā vā yena cābhyavaharati yatra cāvatiṣṭhate | yena cāsyāśitapītakhāditāsvāditam adhastāt pragharati | ayam ucyatae ādhyātmika ākāśadhātuḥ | evaṃ bāhye 'pi yad asphuṭam aspharaṇīyaṃ rūpagatenāpaliguddhaṃ suṣirabhāvaś chidraṃ | ayam ucyate bāhyaḥ ākāśadhātuḥ ||
bhavati mahārāja sa samayo yat karmapratyayād āyatanāni prādurbhavanti tāny ākāśadhātuṃ paricārayanti | tatra saṃkhyā bhavaty ādhyātmika ākāśadhātur iti | sa na kutaścid āgacchati | bhavati samayo yad rūpaṃ bibharti sarvam ākāśībhavati | tat kasya hetoḥ | akṣayo hy ākāśadhātuḥ sthiro 'calaḥ | tad yathā mahārājāsaṃskṛto nirvāṇadhātuḥ | evam evākāśadhātuḥ sarvatrānugato draṣṭavyaḥ | tad yathāpi nāma mahārāja puruṣa utthale deśe udapānaṃ vā kuṭakaṃ vā kūpaṃ vā puṣkariṇīṃ vā khānayet | tat kiṃ manyase mahārāja yat tatrākāśaḥ kutas tad āgatam iti | āha | na kutaścid bhagavan | bhagavān āha | tad yathāpi nāma mahārāja sa puruṣaḥ punar eva tad udapānaṃ vā yāvat puṣkariṇīṃ vā pūrayet | tat kiṃ manyase mahārāja yat tad ākāśaṃ kvacid gatam iti | āha | na kvacid gataṃ bhagavan | tat kasya hetoḥ | na hy ākāśadhātur gamane vā āgamane vā pratyupasthitaḥ | na strībhāvena na puruṣabhāvena pratyupasthitaḥ | bhagavān āha | iti hi mahārāja bāhyākāśadhātur acalaḥ |avikāraḥ |tat kasya hetoḥ | śūnyo hy ākāśadhātur ākāśadhātutvena | virahita ākāśadhātur ākāśadhātutvena | na puruṣabhāvena na strībhāvena pratyupasthitaḥ | evam eva yathābhūtaṃ samyakprajñayā draṣṭavyaṃ ||
tatra katamo vijñānadhātur yā cakṣurindriyādhipateyā | rūpārambaṇaprativijñaptiḥ | yāvad iti hi mahārāja yā kācid varṇasaṃsthānaprativijñaptir ayam ucyate cakṣurvijñānadhātuḥ | pe | iti hi yā ṣaḍindriyādhipateyā ṣaḍviṣayārambaṇā viṣayavijñaptir ayam ucyate vijñānadhātuḥ | sa khalu punar ayaṃ mahārāja vijñānadhātur nendriyaniśrito na viṣayebhya āgato na madhye 'ntarasthāyī sa nādhyātma bahirdhā nobhayam antareṇa | sa khalu punar ayaṃ mahārāja vijñānadhātur vastu prativijñapya niruddhaḥ | sa utpadyamāno na kutaścid āgacchati nirudhyamāno na kvacid gacchati | tasya khalu punar vijñānadhātor utpādo 'pi śūnyaḥ | vyayo 'pi śūnyaḥ | utpanno 'pi vijñānadhātuḥ svabhāvaśūnyaḥ | iti mahārāja vijñānadhātur vijñānadhātutvena śūnyo nopalabhyate 'nyatra vyavahārāt | so 'pi vyavahāro na strī na puruṣaḥ | evam etad yathābhūtaṃ samyakprajñayā draṣṭavyaṃ ||
tatra mahārāja katamac cakṣurāyatanaṃ | yac caturṇāṃ mahābhūtānāṃ prasādaḥ | tad yathā pṛthivīdhātor abdhātos tejodhātor vāyudhātor yāvat | tatra pṛthivīdhātuprasādaś cakṣurāyatanaṃ nābdhātuprasādo na tejodhātuprasādo na vāyudhātuprasādaś cakṣurāyatanaṃ | tat kasya hetoḥ | na hi pṛthivīdhātuprasādaḥ kasyacid dharmāyatanaṃ vā āyatanapratilambhena vā pratyupasthitaḥ | evaṃ yāvan na vāyudhātuprasādaḥ kasyacid dharmasyāyatanaṃ vā āyatanapratilambhena vā pratyupasthitaḥ | tat kasya hetoḥ | niśceṣṭā hy ete dharmā niṣṭhāpārā nirvāṇasamā | iti hi mahārāja ekaikato dharmān mṛgyamāṇān cakṣurāyatanaṃ nopalabhate 'nyatra vyavahārāt | tat kasya hetoḥ | śūnyo hi pṛthivīdhātuprasādaḥ pṛthivīdhātuprasādena | yāvac chūnyo vāyudhātuprasādo vāyudhātuprasādena | ye ca dharmāḥ svabhāvena śūnyāḥ kas teṣāṃ prasādo vā kṣobho vā | yeṣāṃ na prasādo na kṣobha upalabhyate | kathaṃ te rūpaṃ drakṣyanti | iti hy atyantatayā cakṣurāyatanaṃ śūnyaṃ cakṣurāyatanasvabhāvena tat pūrvāntato nopalabhyate ||
aparāntato 'pi nopalabhyate | annāgamanatāṃ gamanatāṃ copādāya sthānam apy asya nopalabhyate svabhāvavirahitatvāt | yac ca svabhāvena na saṃvidyate | na tat strī na puruṣaḥ | tena kā manyanā | manyanā ca nāma mahārāja māragocaraḥ | amanyanā buddhagocaraḥ | tat kasya hetoḥ | manyanāpagatā hi sarvadharmāḥ | pe | tatra mahārāja katamac chrotrāyatanaṃ | yac caturṇāṃ mahābhūtānāṃ prasādo | yāvad iti hi mahārāja sarvadharmā vimokṣābhimukhā dharmadhātuniyatā ākāśadhātuparyavasānā aprāptikā avyavahārā annabhilāpyā annabhilapanīyāḥ | yatra mahārāja indriyāṇi pratihanyante te viṣayā ity ucyante | cakṣur hi rūpe pratihanyate tasmād rūpāṇi cakṣurviṣayā ity ucyante | evaṃ śrotraṃ śabdeṣv ity ādi | tatra cakṣū rūpe pratihanyata iti nipātaḥ | pratihanyanā teṣāṃ nirdiṣṭā | tathā hi cakṣū rūpeṣu trividhaṃ nipatatīti | anukūleṣu śubhasaṃjñayā | pratikūleṣu pratighasaṃjñayā | naivānukūleṣu na pratikūleṣūpekṣayā | evaṃ mano dharmeṣv ity ādi | tae ime viṣayā manogocarā ity ucyante | atra hi manaś carati | upavicarati | tasmān manogocarā ity ucyante | yad etan mahārāja mano 'pratikūleṣu rūpeṣv anunītaṃ carati | tenāsya rāga utpadyate | pratikūleṣu rūpeṣu pratihataṃ carati tenāsya dveṣa utpadyate | naivānukūleṣu na pratikūleṣu saṃmūḍhaṃ carati | tenāsya moha utpadyate | evaṃ śabdādiṣv api trividham ārambaṇam anubhavati pūrvavat ||
tatra mahārāja māyopamānīndriyāṇi | svapnopamā viṣayāḥ | tad yathāpi nāma mahārāja puruṣaḥ suptaḥ svapnāntare janapadakalyāṇyā striyā sārdhaṃ paricaret | sa śayitavibuddho janapadakalyāṇīṃ striyam anusmaret | tat kiṃ manyase mahārāja saṃvidyate svapnāntare janapadakalyāṇī strī | āha | no hīdaṃ bhagavan | bhagavān āha | tat kiṃ manyase mahārājāpi nu sa puruṣaḥ paṇḍitajātīyo bhavet | yaḥ svapnāntare janapadakalyāṇīṃ striyam anusmaret | tayā vā sārdhaṃ krīḍitam abhiniveśet | āha | no hīdaṃ bhagavan | tat kasya hetoḥ | atyantatayā hi bhagavan svapnāntare janapadakalyāṇī na saṃvidyate nopalabhyate | kutaḥ punar anayā sārdhaṃ paricaraṇā | anyatra yāvad eva sa puruṣo vighātasya klamathasya bhāgī syāt | yas tām abhiniviśet ||
bhagavān āha | evam eva mahārāja bālo 'śrutavān pṛthagjanaś cakṣuṣā rūpāṇi dṛṣṭvā saumanasyasthānīyāny abhiniviśet | so 'bhiniviṣṭaḥ sann anunīyate 'nunītaḥ saṃrajyate | saṃrakto rāgajaṃ karmābhisaṃskaroti | trividhaṃ kāyena caturvidhaṃ vācā trividhaṃ manasā | tac ca karmābhisaṃskṛtam ādita eva kṣīṇaṃ niruddhaṃ vigataṃ vipariṇataṃ na pūrvāṃ diśaṃ niśritya tiṣṭhati | na dakṣiṇāṃ na paścimāṃ nottarāṃ nordhvaṃ nādho nānuvidiśaṃ | neha na tiryak | na ubhayam antarā | tat punaḥ kālāntareṇa maraṇakālasamaye pratyupasthite | jīvitendriyanirodhe āyuṣaḥ parikṣayāt tatsabhāgasya karmaṇaḥ kṣīṇatvāc caramavijñānasya nirudhyamānasya manasa ārambaṇībhavati | tad yathāpi nāma śayitavibuddhasya janapadakalyāṇīti manasa ārambaṇaṃ bhavati | iti hi mahārāja caramavijñānenādhipatinā tena ca karmaṇā ārambaṇenaupapattyaṃśikadvayapratyayaṃ prathamavijñānam utpadyate | yadi vā narakeṣu yadi vā tiryagyonau yadi vā yamaloke yadi vā āsure kāye yadi vā manuṣyeṣu yadi vā deveṣu | tasya ca prathamavijñānasya aupapattyaṃśikasya samanantaraniruddhasyānnantarasabhāgā cittasaṃtatiḥ pravartate | yatra vipākasya pratisaṃvedanā prajñāyate | tatra yaś caramavijñānasya nirodhas tatra cyutir iti saṃkhyāṃ gacchati | yaḥ prathamavijñānasya prādurbhāvas tatropapattiḥ | iti hi mahārāja na kaścid dharmo 'smāl lokāt paraṃ lokaṃ gacchati | cyutyupapattī ca prajāyete | tatra mahārāja caramavijñānam utpadyamānaṃ na kutaścid āgacchati ||
nirudhyamānaṃ na kvacid gacchati | karmāpy utpadyamānaṃ na kutaścid āgacchati | nirudhyamānaṃ na kvacid gacchati | prathamavijñānam apy utpadyamānaṃ na kutaścid āgacchati | nirudhyamānaṃ ca na kvacid gacchati | tat kasya hetoḥ | svabhāvavirahitatvāt | caramavijñānaṃ caramavijñānena śūnyaṃ | karma karmaṇā śūnyaṃ | prathamavijñānaṃ prathamavijñānena śūnyaṃ | cyutiś cyutyā śūnyā | upapattir upapattyā śūnyā | karmaṇāṃ cābandhyatā prajāyate vipākasya ca pratisaṃvedanā na cātra kaścit kartā na bhoktānyatra nāmasaṃketāt | tad yathāpi nāma mahārāja puruṣaḥ suptaḥ svapnāntare śatruṇā sārdhaṃ saṃgrāmayet | sa śayitavibuddhaḥ | tam evānusmaret | tat kiṃ manyase mahārāja saṃvidyate svapnāntare śatruḥ | śatruṇā vā sārdhaṃ saṃgrāma iti | āha | no hīdaṃ bhagavan | bhagavān āha | tat kiṃ manyase mahārājāpi nu sa puruṣaḥ paṇḍitajātīyo bhavet | yo 'sau svapnāntare śatrum abhiniviśet | śatruṇā vā sārdhaṃ saṃgrāmaṃ | āha | no hīdaṃ bhagavan | tat kasya hetoḥ | atyantatayā hi bhagavan svapne śatrur na saṃvidyate kutaḥ punas tena sārdhaṃ saṃgrāmaḥ | anyatra yāvad eva sa puruṣo vighātasya klamathasya ca bhāgī syāt yas tam abhiniviśet | bhagavān āha | evam eva mahārāja bālo 'śrutavān pṛthagjanaś cakṣuṣā rūpāṇi dṛṣṭvā daurmanasyāsthānīyāny abhiniviśate 'bhiniviṣṭaḥ san pratihanyate | pratihataḥ saṃtuṣyati | duṣṭo doṣajaṃ karmābhisaṃskarotīti pūrvavat | tad yathāpi nāma mahārāja puruṣah suptaḥ svapnāntare piśācena paripātyamāno bhītaḥ saṃoham āpadyate | sa śayitavibuddhas taṃ piśācaṃ taṃ ca saṃmoham anusmaret | tat kiṃ manyase mahārāja saṃvidyante svapne piśācaḥ saṃmoho vā | yāvad evam eva mahārāja bālo 'śrutavān pṛthagjanaś cakṣuṣā rūpāṇi dṛṣṭvā upekṣāsthānīyāny abhiniviśate 'bhiniviṣṭaḥ san muhyati mūḍho mohajaṃ karmābhisaṃskarotīti pūrvavat | tad yathāpi nāma mahārāja puruṣaḥ suptaḥ svapnāntare janapadakalyāṇyā gāyantyā madhuraṃ gītasvaraṃ madhuraṃ ca tantrīsvaraṃ ca śṛṇuyāt | sā tena gītavāditena paricārayet | sa śayitavibuddhas tad eva gītavāditam anusmaret | tat kiṃ manyase mahārājāpi nu sa puruṣaḥ paṇḍitajātīyaḥ svapnāntare janapadakalyāṇyā gītavāditam abhiniviśet | āha | no hīdaṃ bhagavan | bhagavān āha | tat kasya hetoḥ | atyantatayā hi bhagavan svapnāntare janapadakalyāṇī strī na saṃvidyate nopalabhyate | kutaḥ punar asyā gītavāditaṃ | anyatra yāvad eva sa puruṣo vighātasya klamathasya ca bhāgī syāt | yas tad abhiniviśet | bhagavān āha | evam eva mahārāja bālo 'śrutavān pṛthagjanaḥ śrotreṇa śabdān śrutvā saumanasyasthānīyāny abhiniviśate | iti pūrvavat | evaṃ gandhādiṣu tridhā tridhā veditavyam || pe ||
atra mahārāja mānasaṃ niveśayitavyaṃ | kim ity ahaṃ sadevakasya lokasya cakṣur bhaveyaṃ | ulkā pradīpa ālokabhūtaḥ | kūlaṃ naus tīrthaṃ | nāyakaḥ pariṇāyakaḥ daiśikaḥ sārthavāhaḥ | puro javeyaṃ | mukto mocayeyam āśvasta āśvāsayeyaṃ parinirvṛttaḥ parinirvāpayeyam iti | pūrvā hi koṭir mahārāja na prajñāyate aiśvaryādhipatyānām anubhūya mānānāṃ | iti hi mahārāja māyopamānīndriyāṇy atṛptāny atarṣaṇīyāni | svapnopamā viṣayā atarṣakā atṛptikarāḥ ||
atrānnantayaśaścakravartinaḥ kathā svargāc ca patite tasmin sarājakaiḥ pauraiḥ parivṛta evaṃ paṭhyate | tad yathāpi nāma mahārāja sarpirmaṇḍo vā navanītamaṇḍo vā taptāyāṃ vālukāyām upanikṣipto 'vasīdati | na saṃtiṣṭhate | evam eva mahārājānnantayaśā avasīdati na saṃtiṣṭhate | atha rājā priyaṃkaro rājānam annantayaśasaṃ tathāvasīdantaṃ | upasaṃkramyaitad avocat | kiṃ vayaṃ mahārāja lokasya vyākuryāmaḥ | kiṃ rājño 'nnantayaśasaḥ subhāṣitam iti | sa āha | vaktavyaṃ | mahārājānantayaśāś caturdvīpeṣu rājyaiśvaryaṃ kārayitvābandhyamanorathatām anubhūya sarvadrumākālaphalatāṃ sarvopadravaprasrabdhisarvasatvābandhyamanorathatāṃ gandhodakavarṣaṃ hiraṇyavarṣaṃ suvarṇavarṣaṃ sarvopakaraṇavarṣaṃ cānubhūya caturo mahādvīpān adhyāvasitvā śakrasyārdhāsanam ākramyātīcchayā na mukto 'tṛpta eva kāmaiḥ kālagata iti | evaṃ tvaṃ mahārāja vyākuryā ity evam uktvā ca rājānnantayaśāḥ kālam akārṣīt | pe ||
tasmāt tarhi te mahārāja marīcikāyām udakasvabhāvo nābhūn na bhaviṣyati na caitarhi vidyate | evam eva mahārāja rūpavedanāsaṃjñā saṃskāravijñanāṃ svabhāvo nābhūn na bhaviṣyati na caitarhi vidyatae ity ādi ||
[英譯] On this topic, it is described in the Pitrputrasamagama how all phenomena are without substance, but it is not denied that they are connected with the fruit of action ; that they have no properties of their own, but it is not denied that they are connected with the world of appearance. " This man, great King, is composed of six elements, has six contacts with the world of sense, eighteen processes of mind. When I say, ' The man is composed of six elements,' what is the meaning of that ? There are six elements : Earth, water, fire, air, space, intelligence ; these, great King, are the six elements." And so on to " These six contacts with the world of sense. What six ? The eye is a contact with objects for the showing of forms. The ear, for hearing of sounds. The nose, for the perceiving of smells. The tongue, for distinguishing tastes. The body, for feeling sensations. The mind, for distinguishing things. These, great King, are the six contacts with the world of sense. . . . And the eighteen processes of the mind : what are these ? Here when the man has seen forms with the eye, he proceeds to consider all connected with the question of pleasure or displeasure. So with hearing and voice, etc. Thus with each of the six senses, [245] by distinction of three cases, pleasure, displeasure, and indifference, we get eighteen processes of the mind. . . . And what, great King, is the internal element of earth ? Whatever in the body is perceived as hard or solid. But what is that ? Hair and down, nails, teeth, and so forth. That is called the internal element of earth. And what, great King, is the element of earth outside ? Whatever outside is perceived as hard or solid, that is the element of earth outside. Now% great King, when the element of earth is found within, it does not come from anywhere, when it is checked it is not stored up anywhere. There comes a time when a woman thinks, concerning herself, I am a woman ' ; having thought this concerning herself, she sees a man outside her, and thinks, ' This is a man ' ; having thus thought she falls in love with the man, and desires union with the man outside herself. The man also thinks, concerning himself, ' I am a man,' and so as before. By their desire for union the union takes place : because of the union, an embryo is conceived. Here, great King, neither the thought nor the thinker exists. In the woman is no woman, in the man is no man ; thus the thought is produced without being or truly existing, and the thought does not exist in itself. 1 As the thought, so the union, and so the embryo, does not exist by any independent being. And if anything does not exist from independent being how shall it produce hardness ? So thus, great King, having understood the thought one must regard the hardness. Now that hardness when it arises does not come from anywhere, and being checked is not stored up anywhere. There comes a time, great King, when this body finds the end of its course in the cemetery. Then that hardness putrifying and being checked does not go to the east, nor to the south, nor the west, nor the north, nor up, nor down, nor to an intermediate point. So, great King, must be understood the internal element of earth. [246] There, comes a time, great King, when in a part of the world in space stands Brahma's palace made of precious stones. Its hardness, great King, does not come from anywhere. The spheres and the great spheres stand firm, strong, solid, adamant ; even their hardness when it arises does not come from anywhere. Mountains like Meru king of mountains, Yugandhara, Nimindhara, Isadhara, stand as long as the hills may last : all the universe of Trisahasramahasahasra stands fast, in height 84 thousand leagues, and in the midst stands the great earth, 68 hundred thousand leagues ; even that hardness, great King, when it comes does not come from anywhere. There is a time, great King, when this world comes together. Then this mighty earth is burnt by fire or is deluged with water or scattered by wind. As it is burnt by fire not even soot is produced, just as when ghee or oil is burnt by fire no soot nor ashes is produced ; so from this universe of Trisahasramahasahasra burning with fire not even a residue of soot or ashes is produced ; and as when salt is dissolved in water, or when birds are scattered by a hurricane, not a bit of the earth remains. So we are told. Here, great King, the arising of the element of earth is void, and its destruction is void, and when the element arises its nature is void. So, sir, the element of earth is not recognized as being this element except by convention ; and this conventional expression is not woman and is not man. Even so, sir, this must be regarded as it really is by exact knowledge. Now what is this element of water ? The water that is in the body of each separate person ; that which consists in water, the watery nature, is grease ; that which consists in grease, the greasy nature, is the liquidity accepted and received. But what is this ? tears, sweat, snot, [247] oil, serum, marrow, fat, bile, spittle, pus, blood, milk, piss, and so forth, all this is the internal element of water. ... A time comes, great King, when on seeking a thing beloved the tears flow ; or when one is smitten with pain, or by the action of heat, the tears flow; or the eyes water in the wind ; . . . this watery element does not come from anywhere. A time comes, great King, when the internal watery element is dried up ; when it dries up and ceases it does not go anywhere. . . . Verily when the world comes into being two and thirty palls of cloud come up all round containing everything ; they overshadow the universe of Trisa-hasramahasahasra. From these the god Isadhara rains for a space of five intermediate ages, so for five ages rains the god Gajaprameha, for five ages Acchinnadhara, for five ages Sthulabinduka. After this the great earth extends up to Brahmaloka covered with water. But this element of water, sir, so vast, arising, does not come from anywhere. There comes a time, sir, when this world arises ; and as the world arises there is the appearance of a second sun, and from the appearance of this second sun lakes, ponds, and rivulets are dried up. So with a third sun the great lakes and rivers dry up. When a fourth sun appears, the great lake Anavatapta is utterly dried up. By the appearance of the fourth sun the water of the ocean is dried up and exhausted to the depth of a league ; so two leagues, three, four, five, ten, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty leagues, until 40,000 leagues are left . . . until a depth of two palm trees is left, till it is neck-deep, till the water is of the depth of a cow's hoof print. There comes a time, sir, when there are only scattered spots of water left in the great ocean. . . . There comes a time, sir, when not a drop of water is left in the ocean enough to wet the first joint of the finger. But all this watery element, sir, disappearing, does not go anywhere. . . . Verily, sir, the arising of this watery element is void, and its disappearing is void, and even when it is there, this watery element [248] is by nature void. So, sir, this watery element is not i perceived as such by nature except by way of convention : and this conventional expression is neither woman nor man, as before. . . . What is the internal element of fire ? Whatever in this body is felt and received as fire, fiery, hot. But what is that ? Whatever makes that body warm or hot ; whatever causes it properly to digest what is eaten, drunk, chewed ; excess of which causes feverishness. . . . What is fire outside the person ? All without that is felt and received as fire, fiery, hot. But what is that ? Whatever men seek for from things connected with fire-sticks or grass by means of powdered cowdung or cotton or similar fluff, which arising burns even a village or even a district . . . or even a continent, or a thicket of grass or a forest or firewood until it bums out, and so forth. In this case, sir, the internal fire arises, but it does not come from anywhere, and when it ceases it does not go anywhere into store. Thus without being it is, and having been it goes deprived of its nature. . . . So whatever in this body is air, airy, lightness, buoyancy. But what is that ? These : rising and falling airs, wind in the side, back, or belly, knife-like, razor-like, piercing, needle-like, wind-swellings, spleen, breathings in and out, rheumatism, and so forth. Without the body there are winds in front, to the right, behind, to the left, with dust and without dust small and big. There comes a time, sir, when a great hurricane arises, [249] which blows down the highest trees, even walls and mountains ; this done, unnoticed it is gone. And that which men excite with a corner of the robe, or the bellows, or a fan . . . This is called the outside air. And its arising is as before. . . . What is the internal element of space ? Whatever within this body and in each several body entering and pervading of the nature of space that can be described as within it, not occupied or penetrated by skin, flesh, or blood. But what is this ? What in the body is the aperture of the eye . . . the mouth, the door of the mouth, throat or gullet, by which one eats, into which it descends, through which what is eaten or drunk or consumed or swallowed oozes downwards ; all that is called the internal element of space. So without also : what is not occupied or penetrated by form, not surrounded, hollow and empty ; that is meant by the element of space without the body. Comes a time, sir, when because of action the organs of sense appear and occupy the element of space ; then the term internal element of space ' is used. But it does not come from anywhere. There comes a time when all that bears form becomes space. And why is that ? Because the element of space is indestructible, firm, immovable. Just as the region of Nirvana is incomposite, so, sir, the element of space must be regarded as present everywhere. For in time a man, sir, might cause to be dug in some dry spot a well or a pond or a pit or pool, what think you, sir ? Has the space come from anywhere ? He said : ' No, Blessed One.' The Blessed One said : For instance, the man, sir, might fill up again that well or pool or what not, what think you, sir ? has that space gone any whither ? ' He said : ' No, Blessed One. And why so ? ' [250] ' Because the element of space has nothing to do with going or coming, nor with manhood or womanhood.'
The Blessed One said : So, sir, the space without is immovable, unchanging ; and why so ? The element of space is void by its nature, negative by its nature, it has nothing to do with manhood or womanhood. Thus it must be truly regarded by perfect wisdom. Now what is the element of Intelligence ? Recognition of objective form dependent upon the organ of sight ... So, sir, the recognition of any colour or shape is called the element of intelligence acted upon by the sense of eye. ... So, sir, the perception of the six objects of sense through the six senses is called the element of intelligence. But verily, sir, that element of intelligence is not dependent upon the senses, not drawn from the objects, not placed between them, not within, not without, not between both. Verily, sir, that element of intelligence, having recognized a thing, ceases ; when it rises it does not come from anywhere when it ceases it does not go anywhere. Its very arising is void, its disappearance is void ; when arisen also, by its nature it is void. So, sir, the element of intelligence is void by its very nature ; it is not recognised except by convention. And this convention is neither man nor woman. Thus this must be truly regarded by perfect wisdom. Now, sir, what is the organ of sight ? The sensitive parts i of the four great elements ; that is to say, of the elements of earth, air, fire, and water. Thus the sensitive part of the earthy element is not the organ of sight, the sensitive parts of the elements air, fire, water, are not the organ of sight. And why so ? Because the sensitive part of the earthy element is not the organ of any sense, nor has it arisen by any sense-perception. . . . The sensitive part of the airy element is not the organ of any sense or arisen by any sense-perception. And why so ? [251] These things are incapable of motion, perfect, like Nirvana. Thus, sir, investigating each of these things one does not recognize the organ of sight except by convention. And why so ? Void is the sphere of the earthy element by its nature, . . . void is the sphere of the airy element by its nature. And when things are void by their own nature, what tranquillity or agitation of them can there be ? And when there is neither tranquillity nor agitation of things, how will they see form ? Thus the organ of sight is utterly void by its very nature and that from the beginning is not perceived, and in the future is not perceived ; because it neither comes nor goes, its very position is not perceived since it is essentially negative. And what by its nature does not exist, that is neither male nor female. What self-consciousness can this bring ? And self-consciousness, sir, is the province of Mara, lack of self-consciousness is the province of Buddha. And why so ? Because things are all void of self-consciousness. . . . And what, sir, is the sense of hearing ? The sentient organ derived from the four great phenomena. ... So, sir, all things are directed towards release, involved in the nature of things, ending in the airy element, powerless, incompetent, inexpressible, not to be expressed. When the senses are arrested, sir, these are called "matter." The sight is arrested in form, therefore the forms are called the matter of sight. So hearing is arrested in sounds, and so forth. When we say that the sight is arrested in form, we mean that there is a falling upon it or an arresting upon it. So the sight falls on forms in three ways : upon agreeable forms with the idea of agreeableness, upon repellent forms with the idea of repulsion, upon forms indifferent with observation. So the mind upon things, and so forth. These matters are called the province of the mind, for here the mind moves and ranges ; therefore they are called the mind's province. When the mind, sir, moves pleasantly on forms not disagreeable, by that passion arises in it. When it moves with repulsion upon disagreeable forms, [252] by that hatred arises in it. Upon forms indifferent it moves bewildered ; by that arises bewilderment in it. So with sounds and the rest a threefold idea arises as before. Here, sir, the senses are like illusion, material objects are such stuff as dreams are made of. Take an example, sir. A man asleep might in his sleep have to do with some young woman ; awakened from sleep he might remember that young woman. What think you, sir ; does that woman exist in the dream ? ' He said : ' No, Blessed One.' The Blessed One said : ' What think you, sir ? Would that man be wise who would remember the young woman in his sleep or believe in the dalliance ? ' He said : ' No, Blessed One. And why so ? Because the young woman in the dream does not exist at all nor is to be found ; then how could there be any dealings with her, except in so far that he who believes in her existence really feels failure or fatigue ? ' The Blessed One said : ' Even so, sir, a foolish, untaught worldling when he sees agreeable forms believes in them, and believing in them is pleased, and being pleased feels passion, and feeling passion develops the action that springs from passion, threefold by body, fourfold by voice, threefold by mind ; and that action, developed, from the very beginning is injured, hindered, distracted, changed, not going towards the east, not south nor west nor north, not up nor down, nor to the intermediate points, not here nor across, nor betwixt both. But when at life's end the time of death comes, when the vitality is checked by the exhaustion of one's allotted span, by the dwindling of the action that is his share, [253] the action becomes the object of the mind in its last consciousness as it disappears. As for instance when a man is awakened from sleep the idea occurs to his mind. This is a girl. So, sir, by the object a first consciousness belonging to rebirth arises from two causes, the last consciousness as its governing principle, and the action as its support : he is born either in hells or in the womb of beasts or in Yama's realm or in a demonic body, or amongst men or gods. And if this first conception belonging to the birth immediately after it has been destroyed, a new series of thoughts arises ; where the experience of the ripening of the act is to be felt. There the arresting of the last consciousness is known as " rebirth," the manifesting of first consciousness is known as " arising." So, sir, nothing goes from our world to another, but rebirth and arising take place. So, sir, the last consciousness when it arises does not come from anywhere, when it ceases it does not go anywhere ; action arising does not come from anywhere, ceasing it does not go any- where ; first consciousness too arising does not come from anywhere, ceasing does not go anywhere. And why so ? Because it is naturally negative. The last consciousness is of itself void, action is of itself void, the first consciousness is of itself void, rebirth is of itself void, arising is of itself void. And the irresistibleness of action comes into play and the experience of ripening, and then is there no doer, no feeler, except by conventional name. [254] For example, sir, a sleeping man in a dream might fight with an enemy ; the same awakening might remember him. Now what think you, sir ? Does the enemy exist in the dream ? or is there any fight with an enemy ? ' He said : ' No, Blessed One.' The Blessed One said : ' Then what think you, sir ; would that be a wise man who should believe in the enemy in that dream ? or in the fight with the enemy ? ' He said No, Blessed One. And why so ? In dreams an enemy does not exist at all, then how could there be a battle with him ? unless in so far that he who should believe in it really would feel failure or fatigue.' The Blessed One said : Just so, sir, a foolish, ignorant worldling when he sees with his eyes forms that are disagreeable believes in them, and believing is repelled, and being repelled he is angry ; angry he forms action born of sin, as before. Another example, sir. Suppose a sleeping man, attacked in his dream by a demon and terrified falls into stupefaction ; awakened he remembers this demon and this stupefaction, what think you, sir, does this demon exist in the dream, or this stupefaction ? . . . Even so, sir, a foolish, ignorant worldling when he sees with his eye forms that ought to be despised believes in them, and believing is deluded, and deluded forms action born of delusion, as before. Another example, sir. Suppose a sleeping man should hear in a dream a young woman singing with a sweet voice and a sweet lute, and she should court him with that sweet song ; and he on awakening should remember that song : what think you, sir, a wise man should not believe in the song of the girl singing in his dream ? ' He said : ' He should not. Blessed One.' The Blessed One said : ' And why so ? ' Because, Blessed One, that girl in the dream neither exists at all nor is perceived ; then how could her song exist ? except in so far that he [255] who believes in its reality would feel failure and fatigue.' The Blessed One said : ' Just so, sir, a foolish, ignorant worldling hearing with his ear sounds that are pleasing believes in them ; ' " and so on as before. So with smells, dividing always into three classes. " . . . Here, sir, the following must be my thought : Should I not thus be the eye of men and gods ; a torch, a brilliant lamp ; a bank, a ship, a quay ; a prince, a chieftain, a guide, a merchant ; I should run in front ; delivered I should deliver, comforted I should comfort, emancipated I should emancipate. Sir, there has been in the past no limit to the sovereignty and dominion that I had. So, sir, the senses are all illusion, unsatisfied and unsatisfying, things are such stuff as dreams are made of, unsatisfying, causing dissatisfaction.' " Here is a story of the emperor Anantayasas, and it is told when he fell from heaven surrounded by all his royal attendants. As ghee, sir, or cream, or fresh butter, dropped upon hot sand, sinks in and does not stand firm ; so, sir, King Anantayasas sank and did not stand firm. Then King Priyamkara came up to King Anantayasas as he sank, and thus he said : ' What declaration, sir, are we to give to the world ? What is the last good word of King Anantayasas ? ' He replied : ' You must say. King Anantayasas, having been lord over the four continents, all his wishes fulfilled, possessed of the fruit of all trees out of season, having rid himself of all misfortunes, his desires fulfilled in all beings, amidst showers of perfume and gold, of fine gold and of all blessings, inhabiting the four great continents, sharing the seat of Sakra, but not freed from his excessive desire, always unsatisfied by his lusts, has perished. This is the declaration, sir, that you must give.' Having thus said, King Anantayasas died. . . . " [256] Therefore now, sir, I tell you, the nature of water in a mirage neither was nor is now nor shall be. So, sir, the nature of form, of feeling, of ideas, of the conformations, and of knowledge,! neither was nor is now nor shall be," and so forth.
[法護譯] 如《父子合集經》云:佛言:大王!如是六界及六觸處、十八意所伺察,是補嚕沙為緣得生。云何六界?所謂地界、水界、火界、風界、空界、識界。云何六觸處?謂眼觸處而見於色,若耳觸處得聞其聲,若鼻觸處能嗅於香,若舌觸處悉嘗於味,若身觸處親覺其觸,若意觸處則知於法。云何十八意所伺察?謂眼見色已,若生適悅、若生憂惱、若住於捨。如是六根各各緣彼適悅等三,是名十八意所伺察。大王!云何為內地界?謂於內身所生硬澁髮毛爪齒等。若內地界不生亦無有滅,則無集行。大王!若時女人而於內身如所思惟彼補嚕沙,彼補嚕沙亦生愛樂,由二和合羯邏藍生。又復如所思惟相似和合而得生者,無有是處。若二女人無有是處,二補嚕沙亦無是處。若彼彼思惟而得生者,亦無是處,自體無實非相應故。云何說此為堅硬性?大王!此堅硬性相似而立,畢竟此身潰爛散滅,唯塚壙間是所歸趣。彼堅硬性從何所來?亦非四方上下而去。大王!此內地界應如是知。山、伊舍陀山乃至黑山。如是三千大千世界次第成已,堅固安住。若無地界堅硬性生,彼何所來?大王!又此世界欲壞滅時,或為火焚、或為水漂、或為風吹。而此大地為火燒時,譬然酥油其焰彌熾,乃至煤燼不復可見。若為水漂,如投鹽水中,尋即消壞。若為毘嵐風所吹時,彼三千大千世界悉皆散壞,淨盡無餘。大王!此外地界生時本空、滅時亦空,自性空故,無有男相亦無女相,但唯言說之所顯示。如是地界與地界性皆不可得,如實正慧而能了知。云何內水界?若此身內所有執受濕潤等性。彼復云何?所謂涎汗涕唾、脂髓膿血、溲便等物,為內水界。大王!若時忽見親愛人等眼中流淚、或為苦惱所逼流淚、或聞深法信重流淚、或為寒風所吹流淚,如是水界從何所來?水相乾時復何所去?乃至此界壞時遍興黑雲三十二重,彌覆三千大千世界,於虛空中降澍洪雨,點大如象,晝夜傾注相續不絕。如是時分經五中劫,其水積滿上至梵世。大王!此大水界從何所來?又此世界將欲壞時有二日出,二日出已,小河泉源悉皆乾竭。三日出時,無熱惱池流出四河亦皆枯涸。四日出時,大海水減一踰繕那、或二或三,漸次減少至十踰繕那或二十踰繕那,次第枯竭至八十踰繕那。有餘水在,或深一多羅樹、或深至胸臆、或深如牛跡,乃至少水深一指面。當爾之時,大海中水悉皆乾竭,淨盡無餘。大王!此水界相,生無所來、滅無所去,生時本空、滅時亦空,自性空故,無有男相亦無女相,但唯言說之所顯示。如是水界與水界性皆不可得。云何身內火界?若此身中所有執受溫熱等性。彼復云何?所謂溫暖蒸熱、咀嚼飲食成熟變壞使令安樂,入熱數者名內火界。云何外火界?謂不執受溫熱相生。若復有人於曠野中尋求火緣,或以蒿艾、或牛糞屑、或兜羅綿引火生已,或燒草木山林聚落,及餘方處皆為所燒。大王!如是火界,生無所來、滅無所去,從本已來自性離故。云何身內風界?輕動等性。彼復云何?謂此內風,或時上行、或時下行,或住腹間、或脇或背、或發隱疹、或聚成塊、或如刀裂、或如針刺,出入息等遍滿身肢。外風界者,謂若此風從四方來,或緊如箭、或利如刃。若狂暴起,摧折林木墮裂山峯;若微細起,飄舉身衣動多羅樹,名外風界,餘如前說。云何內空界?若此身內皮肉血等,顯現增長離質礙性。彼復云何?謂若眼竅耳穴面門咽喉、嚥噉飲食所引滋味,於腸胃間通徹而出。若時業緣引生六處,諸處生已圍繞空界,此說名入內空界數。然彼空界從何所來?若復外所顯現離質礙性,名外空界。大王!若色變壞一切皆空。所以者何?是虛空界本無盡故,安住不動猶如涅盤,遍一切處無有障礙。大王!譬如有人於彼高原穿鑿池井。於意云何?是池井中所有空相從何所來?王言:無所從來。佛言:大王!設使彼人復填以土,於意云何?空何所去?王言:空無所去。所以者何?是虛空界無去來故,不住男相不住女相。大王!外虛空界本來無動。所以者何?自性離故,如實正慧而能了知。復次大王!云何識界?謂若眼根為主,各別所緣顯色、形色及以表色,名眼識界。若六根為主,緣於六境各別建立,名六識界。又此識界不著於根、不住境界,非內非外及二中間。然此識界各各了別彼彼事已即便滅謝,生無所來、滅無所去。大王!識生時空、滅時亦空,自性空故,不住男相亦非女相,但唯言說之所顯示。如是識界與識界性皆不可得,如實正慧而能了知。大王!云何眼處?謂四大種地界水界火界風界所造淨色。若地界清淨則眼處清淨,若水火風界清淨則眼處清淨。何以故?由地界清淨,眼處得生,是中無有少法可得。如是乃至由風界清淨,眼處得生,是中無有少法可得。何以故?無主宰故、無造作故,猶如涅盤自性淨故。大王!如是眼處各各尋求皆不可得。所以者何?由地界空故則地界清淨,乃至風界空故則風界清淨。若諸法自性本空,則彼界何有清淨亦無忿諍,若淨若諍皆不可得,復有何色而可見耶?當知眼處畢竟空故自性亦空,前際後際皆不可得,未來所造亦不可得。何以故?自性離故。若自性無有則無男相亦無女相,何有愛樂?若生愛樂是魔境界,若無愛樂是佛境界。何以故?若無愛樂則能遠離一切諸法。大王!云何耳處?謂四大種所造淨色。乃至大王!諸法解脫決定現前如法界空,不可施設、不可顯示、不可記別、無所希望。大王!諸根各各樂著境界,眼緣色時而生樂著,是故說色為眼境界。又此眼根緣於色境有三種相矚,可愛色起於貪想、不可愛色起於瞋想、非愛非惡而起捨想。如是乃至意著法處為意境界,若彼意處緣可愛色極生樂著,為彼所牽引生貪行,不可愛色生於瞋行,於愛非愛起於癡行。如是聲等三種攀緣領納等相,准前應說。大王!當知諸根如幻、境界如夢,譬如有人於睡夢中與諸婇女共相娛樂。大王!於意云何?彼夢覺已,憶念夢中婇女娛樂為實有不?王言:不也。世尊!大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實,為智者不?不也。世尊!何以故?夢中所見眾人婇女畢竟無有,何況與之共相娛樂?當知是人徒自疲勞,念夢中境不復可得。佛言:大王!如是如是。愚癡異生眼見色已,心生愛樂復起執著,為彼所牽造貪業行,身業三種、語業四種、意業三種,最初造作剎那滅謝,不依東方南西北方、四維上下中間而住。於死邊際命根滅時,自分業報皆悉現前,猶如夢覺念夢中事。大王!識為其主、業為攀緣,二種相因初識生起,或趣地獄、或墮傍生、琰摩羅界及阿蘇囉、若人若天。初識生名,各受其報,同分心品相續隨轉。最後識滅名為死蘊,最初識起名為生蘊。大王當知,無有少法從於此世得至他世。所以者何?性生滅故。大王!身識生時,無所從來、滅無所去;彼業生時,無所從來、滅無所去;初識生時,無所從來滅無所去。何以故?自性離故。如是了知身識身識空、自業自業空、初識初識空,若滅滅空、若生生空,了知業縛無有作者亦無受者但名想耳。復次大王!譬若有人於睡夢中與諸冤對共相鬪戰。於意云何?是人覺已,憶念夢中鬪戰等事,為實有不?王言:不也。世尊!佛言:大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實,為智者不?不也。世尊!何以故?夢中畢竟無有冤對,何況與之共相鬪戰。是人徒自憂惱都無有實。佛言:大王!如是如是。愚癡異生眼見惡色即生於惱,厭離破壞毀呰過失造瞋業行,餘同前說。復次大王!譬若有人於睡夢中為毘舍遮之所嬈害,心生怖畏癡迷悶絕。大王!於意云何?是人覺已,憶念夢中為鬼所嬈,為實爾不?不也。世尊!夢中畢竟無鬼所惱,況癡迷耶?佛言:大王!如是如是。愚癡異生眼見是色,癡迷不了造癡業行,餘如前說。復次大王!譬如夢中得聞眾人美妙謌聲、箜篌絃管諸音樂等。大王!於意云何?是人覺已,憶念夢中所有歌樂,為實爾不?王曰:不也。世尊!佛言:大王!於意云何?是人所夢執謂為實,是為智不?不也。世尊!何以故?夢中眾人尚不可得,何況美妙諸樂音聲。是人徒自疲勞畢竟無有。佛言:大王!如是如是。愚癡異生聞可意聲,聞已適悅復生樂著造貪業行。如是香等各各三種,准前應知。乃至大王!於此法中善自安意應作是念:我當云何於人天中為作眼目、為大燈炬而作照明、為作船師令渡彼岸、為大商主引至寶處,未解脫者令得解脫、未安隱者令其安隱、未涅盤者令證涅盤。大王當知,諸根如幻、境界如夢,凡夫縛著無有厭足。乃往過去無量世時,有轉輪王名無量稱,威德名聞富貴自在,統四大洲獨為尊勝,隨所意樂而得受用,一切林樹常有花果。時世人民安隱無惱,復能降雨眾妙香水、金銀珍寶種種資具,諸有所須普皆充足。忽於一時昇忉利天,帝釋天主分座令坐。貪欲無厭欲侵其位,作是念已即便退沒,群臣圍繞咸共見之。譬如生酥置熱沙中不得久住,將趣命終。爾時有王名曰作愛,見是事已而作是言:我當云何於諸世間善說斯事?時無量稱語作愛言:汝於未來當如是說:彼無量稱貪無厭故自取命終。乃至是故大王!諸根如幻、境界如夢,當自安意勿生信順。身如陽焰自性無有,色受想行自性不實亦復如是。
[參考]父子合集經卷第十六,日稱等奉 詔譯,六界差別品第
佛言:大王!如是六界、六觸處,十八意所伺察,是補嚕沙為緣得生。.....
《鳩摩羅什法師大義》卷2:
如經說六種十二觸八十八意行四善處。名之為人。
1.是中分別義者。如小兒初入胎時。未有眼等故。但有六種。四大虛空及識。雖有色香味等。以其不覺。不為利益。故不說也。六入既成。於外麁受樂。名為觸生受。而復意識。常多發用。眼[4]識所見色。分別好醜中間。乃至意所知法。分別好醜中間。是名十八意行。又終能住於四善之處。所謂樂分別諸法。是智慧處。樂實不虛。是誠諦處。樂捨則捨惡。是捨處。樂離憒鬧。是寂滅處。
2.或言次第而生。如大劫盡時無所復有。唯有虛空。爾時虛空中。有諸方風來。互相對持。後有天雨。風持此水。水上有風。擾動而生水沫。水沫積厚于乃成地。從生草木等。以觀一切水色。初始皆從風出。以能持故。是以說所有盡皆以四大為根本。今色味等。亦為四大因緣。四大亦為色等[7]之因緣。但以初得名故。如穀子中。大有色有味等。牙時色味等。亦有四大。但分別先後因果。得其名耳。如內四大。初入胎[8]時。繫在赤白不淨之中。雖有色香味。以無眼等故。不覺不知。唯有身根。覺知四大有用。佛因此心故。說四大為生色之本。是故十二因緣中。第三因緣時。雖有四大所生色。以微細未能遮識。[9]識增發故。說識因緣名色。歌羅羅時四大成就。反名為色。歌羅羅時中識成就。反名為名。所謂成就者。了了相現也。是故說內四大。為生色之本。佛言所有色四大。四大生有。是總相說耳。或有三大二大一大。四大者如身也。三大者。如死人身中無有火大。二大者如熱水熱風熱合名等。一大者如風。風中無有地水也。四大生色中亦如是。或四或一。如飲食有味香觸。如淨潔玉器承天雨。但有色味觸。無有香氣。地氣合故乃可有香。如火從珠日出者。無香無味。但有色觸。燒為觸。照為色。如鏡像水月。唯有一色。四大不能自造。而能造者。經無此說。亦無造名。但傳譯失旨耳。佛唯說所有色。若四大四大所生。因四大復生四大。如種中四大。復生芽中四大。芽中四大所生色。復生四大所生色。亦互相生如前說。又外道說。四大是常。無時不有。若佛說[10]所有色。皆是四大。則外道增其邪見。是故佛言。色非唯四大而已。因四大故。更有色生。是名四大所生色。是色有三種。善不善無記。以善身口業色。能生天人報四大。不善身口業色。能生三惡處報四大。無記色自然因共生因。阿毘曇中亦如是說。若然者。云何言四大不自生也。如人還生人。或生畜生。而生中不正說。從四大生者。皆是四大所生色。如阿毘曇。分別四大。一陰一入界所攝。但四大。則無別陰界入。以四大少故。四大所生色陰。十一入。十一界所攝。若但四大所生色。則無別陰也。十入十界所攝。如是四大四大所生色。雖[12]沒自生。生彼無咎。所以者何。生生之大。以有空名。如前說水月鏡像。阿毘曇人。有法相者。謂是陰界入故攝。如經說三種色。有色可見有對。有色不可見有對。有色不可見無對。又如不見不聞不嚊不味不觸。尚名為色。何況眼鏡像。如非色耶。是故水月幻化等。是可見色。而佛法為度眾生故。說水月鏡像影響炎化喻等。默人終不貪著。謂之為有。是故以為空喻。如幻化色。雖是不實事。而能誑惑人目。世間色像亦復如是。是以過五百年後。而諸學人多著於法。墮於顛倒。佛以幻化為喻。令斷愛法。得於解脫。是故或時說有。或時說無。凡夫人無有慧眼。深著好醜麁細等。起種種罪業。如是何得言無耶。佛說一切色。皆虛妄顛倒不可得。觸捨離性。畢竟空寂相。諸阿羅漢以慧眼。諸菩薩以法眼。本末了達。觀知色相。何得言定有色相耶。諸佛所說好醜此彼。皆隨眾生心力所解。而有利益之法。無定相。不可戲論。然求其定相。來難之旨。似同戲論也。
《入中論善顯密意疏》卷11:
辰五 佛說依六界等假立為我
若計諸蘊積聚即是我者,復有過失。頌曰:『佛說依於地水火,風識空等六種界,及依眼等六觸處,假名安立以為我,
說依心心所立我,故非彼等即是我,彼等積聚亦非我,故彼非是我執境。』
佛於父子相見經中,說依於六界,謂地水火風識界,鼻孔等空界,及依六觸處,謂眼觸處乃至意觸處,假說名我,既說依於心,心所等法假立為我,故非彼地等任何一界即是我。亦非彼等積聚即立為我,故彼諸法若總若別皆非無始傳來我執心之所緣也。經云:「大王,六界,六觸處,十八意近行,是士夫補特伽羅。」士夫與補特伽羅是異名。六界,六觸處,十八意近行之三者,是所具之法。補特伽羅是能具之人。十八意近行,謂緣六種可愛境,生六種喜受。緣六種不可愛境,生六種憂受。緣六種中庸境,生六種捨受。由憂喜捨受之力,含意於色聲等境,數數馳逐,故名意近行。如是諸蘊既非俱生我執所緣境,離諸蘊外亦無彼之所緣。故我執所緣境非有自性。諸瑜伽師,由見我無自性故,亦知我所是無自性。即能斷除一切有為生死繫縛,不受後有而得涅槃。是故五蘊若總若別,及離五蘊,皆不立為我見所緣。然善安立我見所緣補特伽羅。依此道理,便能安立補特伽羅是自性空。此觀察慧,是最利根求解脫者,至上莊嚴。於他宗中皆非有故。
《入中論講記》卷1:
佛說依於地水火、風識空等六種界,及依眼等六觸處,
假名安立以為我。說依心心所立我,故非彼等即是我,
彼等積聚亦非我,故彼非是我執境。
此出自宗許假立我破即蘊我,如「寶積經.父子相見會」云:造業受果之我,依六界六觸處及十八意近行等假名安立。說依心心所安立為我,非心心所一一法即我,亦非心心所之積聚即我,故心心所若總若別,皆非我執所緣境。
《阿毘達磨大毘婆沙論》卷74:
1.3.7.如契經說有六內處。契經復說有六觸處。
問:此二六處有何差別?
1)或有說者,此二無別。所以者何?六內處即六觸處。六觸處即六內處。聲雖有異而義無別。
2)復有說者,亦有差別。謂名即差別名內六處名六觸處故。
3)復次,諸同分者名六觸處。彼同分者名六內處。
4)復次,諸可生法名六觸處。不可生法名六內處。
5)復次,有業用者名六觸處。無業用者名六內處。
若作是說,諸現在者名六觸處。過去、未來者名六內處。
6)復次,諸已生者名六觸處。未已生者名六內處。
若作是說。過去、現在名六觸處。未來名六內處。
7)復次,心心所法正依住者名六觸處。心心所法不正依住,唯空轉者名六內處。
8)復次,眼等六處作觸所依義名六觸處。作餘心心所法所依義名六內處。
9)脇尊者言:眼等六處自性名內六處。若有所作名六觸處。如苾芻鉢。若說自性,但名為鉢。苾芻用時名苾芻鉢。
10)尊者望滿作如是言:眼等六處自體名內六處。若與觸作所依名六觸處。如鐵酥鉢。若說自體但名鐵鉢。若盛酥時名鐵酥鉢。
11)問:眼等六處亦為受等之所依止。何故但名觸處不名受等處耶?
11.1)答:亦應說受等處而不作是說者。當知此義有餘。
11.2)復次,契經舉勝兼顯劣者。謂於一切心心所中,觸最為勝。若說觸處當知兼顯名受等處。
11.3)復次,心心所法以觸為命。觸所住持,觸所引發。由觸力故,能現在前。故名觸處。謂心心所於境流散。由觸攝持,令得和合。又若無觸,諸心心所應如死屍不能觸對自所緣境。皆由觸力。有觸境用。如有命根,身能覺觸。是故眼等但名觸處。
1.3.8.如契經說:六內處名此岸六外處名彼岸。
1)問:六內外處與此彼岸,有何相似而作是說?
1.1)答:與心心所作所依緣。有近有遠,似此彼岸,故作是說。如河兩岸。近者名此。遠者名彼。
如是六處與心心所。作所依者近故如此岸。作所緣者遠故如彼岸。
1.2)復次,是心心所初入、已渡。如此彼岸故作是說。如諸有情。初入河處名為此岸。已渡河處名為彼岸。如是與心心所法作所依者,如初入故名此岸。作所緣者如已度故名彼岸。故內外處名此彼岸。
1.3)復次,契經中說:寂滅涅槃名為彼岸。涅槃唯是外處所攝既名彼岸。故內六處得此岸名。
如契經說:薩迦耶是此岸。薩迦耶滅是彼岸。薩迦耶者即是生死。於生死中,六內處勝故。六內處得此岸名。既六內處名為此岸故。六外處得彼岸名。
2)問:此中何法如河,而說六內外處如此彼岸耶?
答:心心所法如河故。內外處如此彼岸。如有瀑河漂此彼岸。情非情物同趣大海。心心所法亦復如是。漂內外處所攝有情。同趣生老病死大海。
3)問:於此河中誰為船栰?
答:八支聖道如有船栰。百千眾生之所依止。從河此岸,渡至彼岸,隨意遊適。如是無量無邊有情依止聖道。從生死此岸,至涅槃彼岸,自在遊賞故。八聖道猶如船栰。