雜阿含1039經
淳陀！謂：殺生惡業，手常血腥，心常思惟撾、捶、殺、害，無慚、無愧，慳貪、吝惜，於一切眾生乃至昆蟲，不離於殺。
瑜伽師地論卷第八
1)補特伽羅相差別建立者，謂如經言：諸殺生者，乃至廣說。
2)殺生者者，此是總句。
3)最極暴惡者，謂殺害心正現前故。
4)血塗其手者，謂為成殺，身相變故。
5)害極害執者，謂斷彼命故，解支節故，計活命故。
6)無有羞恥者，謂自罪生故。
7)無有哀愍者，謂引彼非愛故。有出家外道，名曰無繫，彼作是說：百踰繕那內所有眾生，8)於彼律儀，若不律儀。為治彼故，說如是言：一切有情所。即彼外道復作是說：樹等外物亦有生命。為治彼故，說如是言：真實眾生所。此即顯示真實福德遠離對治，及顯示不實福德遠離對治。如是所說諸句，顯示加行殺害。
9)乃至極下捃多蟻等諸眾生所者，此句顯示無擇殺害。
10)於殺生事若未遠離者，此顯遇緣容可出離。謂乃至未遠離來，名殺生者。
又此諸句略義者，謂為顯示殺生相貌、殺生作用、殺生因緣，及與殺生事用差別。
又略義者，謂為顯示殺生如實、殺生差別、殺所殺生、名殺生者。
又此諸句，顯能殺生補特伽羅相，非顯殺生法相。
tatra pudgala-lakṣaṇa-vyavasthānaṃ yathā uktaṃ yathā prāṇa atipātikaḥ khalu bhavati vistareṇa yathā-sūtraṃ [tatra] prāṇa atipātikaḥ khalu bhavati ity uddeśa-padam idaṃ / raudro vadha-hiṃsā-citta-pratyupasthānāt / rudhira-pāṇis tad-vadha-sampādanāt kāya-vikāra āpatteḥ /hata-prahata-niviṣṭo jīvitād vyavaropya angaśo vibhajya ājīva-kalpanāt / alajja ātmano avadya utpādanāt / akṛpa āpannaḥ pareṣām aniṣṭa upasaṃhāram upādāya // santi nirgranthā nāma pravrajitāḥ / ta evam āhuḥ / yojana-śatasya arvāg ye prāṇinas tebhyaḥ saṃvṛtā vā bhavanty asaṃvṛtā vā iti / tat-pratipakṣeṇa sarva-sattveṣv ity āhuḥ / ta eva punar evam āhur yathā vṛkṣa ādayo bāhya-bhāvāḥ prāṇi-bhūtā iti / tat-pratipakṣeṇa āhuḥ prāṇibhūteṣviti / iti sat-puṇya-virati-pratipakṣaś ca khyāpito bhavati asat-puṇya-virati-pratipakṣaś ca khyāpito bhavati // ebhir yathā-nirdiṣṭaiḥ padair abhisaṃskāra-vadhaḥ paridīpito antataḥ pipīlakam api prāṇinam upādāya / tena padena aparihāra-vadhaḥ paridīpito bhavati // prāṇa atipātād aprativirato bhavatīti / sati pratyaye vyutthāna avakāśaḥ paridīpito yāvad aviratas tāvat prāṇa atipātika iti samāsa arthaḥ // punaḥ sarvair ebhiḥ padaiḥ prāṇa atipātikaṃ liṅgaṃ prāṇa atipāti-kriyā prāṇa atipāta-nidānaṃ prāṇa atipāta-vastu-kriyā-prabhedaś ca paridīpito bhavati // aparaḥ samāsa arthaḥ/prāṇa atipātaṃ kurvan yathā-bhūto bhavati / yathā ca prāṇinaṃ ghātayati / yac ca prāṇinaṃ ghātayataḥ prāṇa atipātikatvam asya bhavati tad etat paridīpitam iti / prāṇa atipātika-pudgala-lakṣaṇaṃ ca etat paridīpitaṃ na prāṇa atipāta-lakṣaṇaṃ //
法蘊足論卷第一
於第一中，且何名為能殺生者？如世尊說：有殺生者，暴惡、血手、耽著殺害，於諸有情眾生、勝類無羞無愍，下至捃多、比畢洛迦皆不離殺，如是名為能殺生者。
1)何等名為有殺生者？謂於殺生，不深厭患，不遠、不離，安住成就，如是名為有殺生者。
2)何名暴惡？謂集種種弓、刀、杖等諸殺害具，是名暴惡。
3)何名血手？謂諸屠羊、屠雞、屠猪、捕鳥、捕魚、獵師、劫盜、魁膾、縛龍、守獄、煮狗、施罝弶等，是名血手。何故此等名為血手？謂彼雖數沐浴、塗香、服鮮淨衣、首冠、花鬘身飾嚴具，而名血手。所以者何？彼於惡事不深厭患，不遠、不離，令有情血起、等起，生、等生，積集、流出，故名血手。
4)何等名為耽著殺害？謂於眾生，有害非殺、有害亦殺。
4.1)害非殺者，謂以種種弓、刀、杖等諸殺害具，逼惱眾生，未全斷命，如是名為有害非殺。
4.2)害亦殺者，謂以種種弓、刀、杖等諸殺害具，逼惱眾生，亦全斷命，如是名為有害亦殺。於殺害事耽樂執著，如是名為耽著殺害。
5)何等名為於諸有情眾生、勝類，無羞、無愍？且辯眾生、勝類差別。
5.1)謂諸異生說名眾生；世尊弟子說名勝類。
5.2)又諸有情有貪、瞋、癡說名眾生；若諸有情離貪、瞋、癡說名勝類。
5.3)又諸有情有愛、有取說名眾生；若諸有情離愛、離取說名勝類。
5.4)又諸有情有順、無違說名眾生；若諸有情無順、有違說名勝類。
5.5)又諸有情無聰慧、有無明說名眾生；若諸有情聰慧、有明說名勝類。
5.6)又諸有情未離欲貪說名眾生；若諸有情已離欲貪說名勝類。
5.7)又諸有情已離欲貪，非佛弟子，說名眾生；若諸有情已離欲貪，是佛弟子，說名勝類。
5.8)今此義中，若諸異生說名眾生，世尊弟子說名勝類。所以者何？勝謂涅槃，彼能獲得成就觸證，故名勝類。如有頌言：普隨順世間， 周遍歷方邑， 欲求於勝我， 無所證無依。故此義中，若諸異生說名眾生，世尊弟子說名勝類。於此有情眾生、勝類，應羞、應愍，而於其中無慚無羞、無愧無恥、無哀無愍、無傷無念，如是名為於諸有情眾生、勝類，無羞無愍。
6)何等名為下至捃多、比畢洛迦，皆不離殺？言捃多者，謂蚊蚋等諸小蟲類。比畢洛迦，即諸蟻子。下至此類微碎眾生，皆起惡心，欲興殺害，是故名為能殺生者。
7)即於此中何名為生？何名殺生？何等名為遠離殺生？而說名為乃至命終遠離殺生鄔波索迦第一學處？所言生者，謂諸眾生有眾生想，若諸有情有有情想，若諸命者有命者想，若諸養育有養育想，若補特伽羅有補特伽羅想，是名為生。
8)言殺生者，謂於眾生起眾生想，於諸有情起有情想，於諸命者起命者想，於諸養育起養育想，於補特伽羅起補特伽羅想，復起惡心、不善心、損心、害心、殺心現前，依如是業、如是加行、如是思惟、如是策勵、如是勇猛，殺害眾生，故思斷命。由如是業、如是加行、如是思惟、如是策勵、如是勇猛殺害眾生，故思斷命，名為殺生。
9)即前所說鄔波索迦，於此殺生能善思擇，厭患、遠離，止息、防護，不作、不為，不行、不犯，棄捨、堰塞，不拒、不逆，不違、不越，如是名為遠離殺生，是故說名乃至命終遠離殺生，鄔波索迦第一學處。
yāvajjīvaṃ prāṇātipātād viratir upāsakasya śikṣāpadam iti / tatra kataraḥ prāṇātipātaḥ / kataraḥ prāṇī / katamā prāṇātipātād vairamaṇiḥ (DhskD 19v9) / yad ucyate prāṇātipātād vairamaṇir upāsakasya śikṣāpadam ity āha /evaṃ hy uktaṃ bhagavatā / prāṇātipātī khalv ihaiko bhavati raudro rudhirapāṇiḥ hataprahataniviṣṭaḥ alajjī adayāvān sarvasatvaprāṇibhūteṣv (DhskD 19v10) antataḥ kuntapipīlakam api prāṇātipātād aprativirato bhavati / ayam ucyate prāṇātipātikaḥ /
prāṇī katamaḥ / yasmin prāṇini prāṇisaṃjñī jīve jīvasaṃjñī satve satvasaṃjñī poṣe poṣasaṃjñī (DhskD 20r1) pudgale pudgalasaṃjñī ayam ucyate prāṇī //
prāṇātipātaḥ katamaḥ / āha / yasmin prāṇini prāṇisaṃjñinaḥ satve satvasaṃjñinaḥ poṣe poṣasaṃjñinaḥ pudgale pudgalasaṃjñinaḥ yat parākramam āgamya yat pāpacittam akuśalacittaṃ (DhskD 20r2) vadhakacittaṃ hananacittaṃ māraṇacittaṃ ca pratyupasthitaṃ bhavati / tatra yat karmāgamya yat prayogam āgamya yām ūhām āgamya yad upakramam āgamya prāṇino hananaṃ māraṇaṃ saṃcintya jīvitād vyaparopaṇam iti / (DhskD 20r3) yat tat karma yo 'sau prayogaḥ yā sā ūhā yad upakramaṃ yat tat prāṇino hananaṃ māraṇaṃ saṃcintya jīvitād vyaparopaṇaṃ ayaṃ ucyate prāṇātipātaḥ //
prāṇātipātī khalv ihaiko bhavatīti ātmā prāṇātipātād (DhskD 20r4) anārato bhavatīty aprativiratas tatatrasthas tena samanvāgatas / tenāha / prāṇātipātī khalv ihaiko bhavati /
raudra iti / raudratā katamā / āha / yat tad ācīrṇadaṇḍatācīrṇaśastratācīrṇapraharaṇatā iyam ucyate raudratā / (DhskD 20r5) tenāha / raudratā iti /
rudhirapāṇir iti rudhirapāṇaya ucyante aurabhrikāḥ kaukkuṭikasaukarikamātsikamṛgalubdhakāś caurāḥ vadhyaghātakā goghātakā nāgamaṇḍalikāḥ śaśavāgurikā bandhanapālakāḥ (DhskD 20r6) sūcakāḥ kāraṇakārakā ima ucyante rudhirapāṇayaḥ / kenaita ucyante rudhirapāṇayaḥ / āha / kiṃ cāpi ye susnātā bhavanti suviliptāḥ kalpitakeśanakhāvadātavastraprāvṛtāḥ (DhskD 20r7) āmuktamālyābharaṇā atha ca punas te rudhirapāṇaya evocyante / kiṃ kāraṇam / āha / yasmāt te anāratā aviratā aprativiratās tasya rudhirasyotthāpanāya jananāya saṃjananāya samutpādāya (DhskD 20r8) prāviṣkaraṇāya / tena kāraṇena rudhirapāṇaya ucyante //
hataprahataniviṣṭā iti syāt prāṇī prahato na hataḥ / syād dhato na prahataḥ / syād dhataś ca prahataś ca / prahatas tāvan na hataḥ / yathā tāvat prāṇī ākoṭito bhavati (DhskD 20r9) pāṇinā vā loṣṭena vā daṇḍena vā śastreṇa vā anyatamānyatamena vā vividhena praharaṇena / na tu sarveṇa sarvaṃ jīvitād vyaparopito bhavati / evaṃ prāṇī hato bhavati na hataś ca / yathā tāvat prāṇī (DhskD 20r10) ākoṭito bhavati pāṇinā vā loṣṭena vā daṇḍena vā śastreṇa vā anyatamānyatamena vā vividhena praharaṇena sarveṇa vā sarvaṃ prāṇī jīvitād vyaparopito bhavati / evaṃ hataś ca bhavati prahataś ca / (DhskD 20v1) api hataprahataniviṣṭaś ca bhavati sanniviṣṭaś cāniviṣṭaś ca / tenāha / hataprahataniviṣṭa iti //
alajjī adayāvān sarvasatvaprāṇibhūteṣv iti / tatra katame prāṇāḥ / katame bhūtāḥ / yad ucyate alajjī adayāvān sarvasatvaprāṇibhūteṣv (DhskD 20v2) ity / āha / pṛthagjanāḥ prāṇāḥ bhagavataḥ śrāvakā bhūtāḥ /
api khalu ye satvāḥ sarāgāḥ sadveṣāḥ samohā ima ucyante bhūtāḥ / api khalu ye satvā vigatarāgā vigatadveṣā vigatamohā ima ucyante bhūtāḥ /
api khalu ye satvāḥ (DhskD 20v3) satṛṣṇā sopādānā ima ucyante prāṇāḥ / ye satvā nistṛṣṇā nirupādānā ima ucyante bhūtāḥ /
api khalu ye satvā āniruddhāḥ prativiruddhā ima ucyante prāṇāḥ / ye satvā anāniruddhāḥ aprativiruddhā ima ucyante bhūtā /
api khalu (DhskD 20v4) ye satvā aviduṣo 'vidyāgatā ima ucyante prāṇāḥ / ye satvā viduṣo vidyāgatā ima ucyante bhūtāḥ /
api khalu ye satvāḥ kāmebhyo 'vītarāgāḥ ima ucyante prāṇāḥ / ye satvāḥ kāmebhyo vītarāgā ima ucyante bhūtāḥ / (DhskD 20v5)
api khalu ye satvāḥ kāmebhyo vītarāgā na tu bhagavataḥ śrāvakā ima ucyante prāṇāḥ / ye satvā kāmebhyo vītarāgās te bhagavataḥ śrāvakā ima ucyante bhūtāḥ /
asmiṃs tv arthe pṛthagjanāḥ prāṇāḥ bhagavataḥ (DhskD 20v6) śrāvakā bhūtāḥ / kiṃ kāraṇaṃ bhavanam ucyate nirvāṇaṃ / tat taiḥ prāptaṃ pratilabdham adhigataṃ spṛṣṭaṃ sākṣātkṛtaṃ / yathā cāha /
samantānusārī lokaṃ diśaḥ sarvam īritaḥ /
icched bhavanam ātmānaṃ nādhigacched aniśritaṃ (DhskD 20v7) //
tad asminn arthe pṛthagjanāḥ prāṇāḥ bhagavataḥ śrāvakā bhūtāḥ tad eṣāṃ prāṇabhūtānām adayāya pratipanno bhavaty ananudayāyā nānukaṃpāya //
śokāṣṭahārakāḥ kuntā ucyante (DhskD 20v8) pipīlakāḥ / pipīlakā eva / asmāt prāṇātipātād upāsakaḥ pratisaṃkhyāyārato bhavaty upadrutarataḥ prativirataḥ saṃvṛtaś ca / yatra yā akriyā akaraṇam anabhidhyācāro 'nadhyāpattir anadhyāpadanaṃ (DhskD 20v9) velā setuḥ vairamaṇī sthitir anatikramo 'vyatikramo 'vyatikramaṇatā / tenāha / yāvajjīvaṃ prāṇātipātād vairamaṇīr upāsakasya śikṣāpadam iti // * //
