雜阿含298經
緣無明行者，云何為行？行有三種：身行、口行、意行。
瑜伽師地論卷第九
身行云何？謂身業。若欲界、若色界，在下名福非福，在上名不動。語行云何？謂語業。餘如前應知。意行云何？謂意業。若在欲界名福非福，在上二界唯名不動。
kāyasaṃskārāḥ katame / kāya-karma kāma-avacaraṃ rūpa-avavacaraṃ puṇya apuṇya-saṃkhyātamadha ūrdhvaṃ punar āniñjyasaṃkhyātaṃ / vāksaṃskārāḥ katame / vākkarma / śepaṃ pūrva-vad draṣṭavyaṃ / manaḥ-saṃskārāḥ katame / manas-karma / tat kāma-dhātau puṇya apuṇyaṃ na āneñjyaṃ dvayor uparimayor dhātvor āneñjyam eva ca //
法蘊足論卷第十一
云何無明緣行？
1)謂世尊說：苾芻當知，無明為因、無明為緣故，貪瞋癡起。此貪瞋癡性，是名無明緣行。
2))復次如世尊說：苾芻當知，無明為前行、無明為幖幟故，起無量種惡不善法，謂無慚無愧等。由無慚無愧故起諸邪見，由邪見故起邪思惟，由邪思惟故起邪語，由邪語故起邪業，由邪業故起邪命，由邪命故起邪勤，由邪勤故起邪念，由邪念故起邪定。此邪見、邪思惟、邪語、邪業、邪命、邪勤、邪念、邪定，是名無明緣行。
3)復次如世尊說：苾芻當知，起無量種惡不善法，一切皆以無明為根、無明為集、是無明類、從無明生。墮無明趣者，不如實知善不善法、有罪無罪法、應脩不應脩法、下劣勝妙法、黑白法、有敵對法、緣生諸法。不如實知此諸法故，便起邪見邪思惟乃至邪念邪定，是名無明緣行。
4)復次《瓮喻經》中佛作是說：無明為緣，造福、非福及不動行。
4.1)云何福行？謂有漏善身業語業、心心所法、不相應行。如是諸行，長夜能招可愛可樂可欣可意諸異熟果，此果名福亦名福果。以是福業異熟果故，是名福行。
4.2)云何非福行？謂諸不善身業語業、心心所法、不相應行。如是諸行，長夜能招不可愛不可樂不可欣不可意諸異熟果，此果名非福，亦名非福果。是非福業異熟果故，是名非福行。
4.3)云何不動行？謂四無色定。諸有漏善，是名不動行。
5)云何無明為緣造非福行？謂有一類，由貪瞋癡纏縛心故，造身語意三種惡行。此三惡行名非福行。由此因緣，身壞命終墮於地獄，於彼復造非福行等，是名無明為緣造非福行。如說地獄，傍生、鬼界應知亦爾。
6)云何無明為緣造福行？
6.1)謂有一類，於人趣樂繫心悕求，彼作是念：願我當生人趣同分，與諸人眾同受快樂。因此悕求，造能感人趣身語意妙行。此三妙行名為福行。由此因緣，身壞命終生於人趣，與諸人眾同受快樂，於彼復造諸福行等，是名無明為緣造福行。
6.2)有不繫心悕求人樂，但由無明蔽動心故，造身語意三種妙行。此三妙行名為福行。由此因緣，身壞命終生於人趣，於彼復造諸福行等，是名無明為緣造福行。如說人趣，四大王眾天、三十三天、夜摩天、覩史多天、樂變化天、他化自在天應知亦爾。
6.3)復有一類，於梵眾天繫心悕求，彼作是念：願我當生梵眾天眾同分中。因此悕求勤修加行，離欲惡不善法，有尋有伺，離生喜樂，初靜慮具足住。於此定中，諸身律儀、語律儀、命清淨，名為福行。由此因緣，身壞命終生梵眾天眾同分中，於彼復造諸福行等，是名無明為緣造福行。
6.4)有不繫心悕求生彼，但由無明蔽動心故，勤修加行，離欲惡不善法，有尋有伺，離生喜樂，初靜慮具足住。於此定中，諸身律儀、語律儀、命清淨名為福行。由此因緣，身壞命終生梵眾天眾同分中，於彼復造諸福行等，是名無明為緣造福行。如說梵眾天，梵輔天、大梵天、少光天、無量光天、極光淨天、少淨天、無量淨天、遍淨天、無雲天、福生天、廣果天，隨其所應廣說亦爾。
6.5)復有一類，於無想天繫心悕求，彼作是念：願我當生無想天眾同分中。因此悕求勤修加行，思惟諸想是麁苦障，思惟無想是靜妙離。由此思惟，能滅諸想安住無想。彼諸想滅住無想時，名無想定。入此定時，諸身律儀、語律儀、命清淨，名為福行。由此因緣，身壞命終生無想天眾同分中，於彼亦能造少福行，是名無明為緣造福行。
6.6)有不繫心悕求生彼，但由無明蔽動心故，勤修加行，思惟諸想是麁苦障，思惟無想是靜妙離。由此思惟，能滅諸想安住無想。彼諸想滅住無想時，名無想定。入此定時，諸身律儀、語律儀、命清淨，名為福行。由此因緣，身壞命終生無想天眾同分中，於彼亦能造少福行，是名無明為緣造福行。
7)云何無明為緣造不動行？
7.1)謂有一類，於空無邊處天繫心悕求，彼作是念：願我當生空無邊處天眾同分中。因此悕求勤修加行，超諸色想滅有對想，不思惟種種想入無邊空，空無邊處具足住。於此定中，諸思等思現前等思已思當思、思性思類、造心意業，名不動行。由此因緣，身壞命終生空無邊處天眾同分中，於彼復能造不動行，是名無明為緣造不動行。
7.2)有不繫心悕求生彼，但由無明蔽動心故勤修加行，超諸色想滅有對想，不思惟種種想入無邊空，空無邊處具足住。於此定中，諸思等思現前等思已思當思、思性思類、造心意業，名不動行。由此因緣，身壞命終生空無邊處天眾同分中，於彼復能造不動行，是名無明為緣造不動行。如說空無邊處，識無邊處、無所有處、非想非非想處應知亦爾。如是諸行，無明為緣、無明為依、無明為建立故，起等起、生等生、聚集出現，故名無明緣行。
1. (avidyāpratyayāḥ saṃskārāḥ)
(DhskD
3r1) saṃmohaḥ pramoho mohaṃ mohajam iyam ucyate avidyā /
avidyāpratyayāḥ saṃskārāḥ katame / evam uktaṃ bhagavatā /avidyā bhikṣavo
hetuḥ saṃrāgāya hetuḥ saṃdveṣāya hetuḥ saṃmohāya / iti (DhskD 3r2) yā
sā saṃrāgatā saṃmohatā iyam ucyate avidyāpratyayāḥ saṃskārāḥ /api khalv
evam uktaṃ bhagavatā / avidyā bhikṣavaḥ pūrvaṃgamaṃ pūrvanimittam
anekavidhānāṃ pāpakānām akuśalānāṃ (DhskD 3r3) dharmāṇāṃ samutpattaye
'nūtpātiko bhavati yad uta āḥrīkyaṃ cānapatrāpyaṃ ca / ahrīmān bhikṣavo
bhikṣur anapatrāpī mithyādṛṣṭiko bhavati / tatra bhikṣavo mithyā
mithyādṛṣṭyā mithyāsaṃkalpo bhavati /mithyāsaṃkalpān (DhskD 3r4)
mithyāvācaṃ bhāṣati / mithyāvāco mithyākarmāntaḥ prabhavati /
mithyākarmāntān mithyājīvaḥ prabhavati / mithyājīvān mithyāvyāyāmaḥ
prabhavati / mithyāvyāyāmān mithyāsmṛtiḥ prabhavati / mithyāsmṛter
(DhskD 3r5) mithyāsamādhiḥ prabhavati / iti yā sā mithyādṛṣṭir
mithyāsaṃkalpo mithyāvāṅ mithyākarmānto mithyājīvo mithyāvyāyāmo
mithyāsmṛtiḥ mithyāsamādhir ima ucyante avidyāpratyayāḥ (DhskD 3r6)
saṃskārāḥ /
api khalv evaṃ uktaṃ bhagavatā /ye ke cid bhikṣavo
'nekavidhāḥ pāpakā akuśalā dharmāḥ saṃbhavanti sarve te avidyāmūlakā
avidyāsamudayā avidyājātīyā avidyāprabhavā / (DhskD 3r7) avidāgato hi
bhikṣavaḥ ajānan kuśalākuśalān dharmān yathābhūtaṃ na prajānāti
sāvadyānavadyān sevitavyāsevitavyān hīnapraṇītān kṛṣṇaśuklān
sapratibhāgapratītyasamutpannān (DhskD 3r8) dharmān yathābhūtaṃ na
prajānāti / sa evaṃ kuśalākuśalān dharmān yathābhūtam aprajānan
sāvadyānavadyān sevitavyāsevitavyān
hīnapraṇītakṛṣṇaśuklasapratibhāgapratītyasamutpannān (DhskD 3r9) dharmān
yathābhūtam aprajānan mithyādṛṣṭiko bhavati / tatra bhikṣavo
mithyādṛṣṭyā mithyāsaṃkalpaḥ prabhavati vistareṇa yathā pūrvoktaṃ / ima
ucyante avidyāpratyayāḥ saṃskārāḥ /
(DhskD 3v1) api khalv evam uktaṃ bhagavatā kuṃbhopame vyākaraṇe /
puṇyān
api saṃskārān abhisaṃskaroti avidyāpratyayān / apuṇyān apy āniṃjyān api
saṃskārān abhisaṃskaroti / avidyāpratyayāḥ puṇyasaṃskārāḥ katame / āha
kuśalaṃ kāyakarma (DhskD 3v2) vākkarma kuśalāś cittacaitasikā dharmāḥ
kuśalāś cittaviprayuktāḥ saṃskārāḥ / yad api tat kuśalasya
kāyakarmavākkarmaṇaḥ kuśalānāṃ cittacaitasikānāṃ kuśalānāṃ
cittaviprayuktānāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ dīrgharātraṃ iṣṭaṃ kāntaṃ priyaṃ (DhskD
3v3) manāpaṃ vipākaṃ pratisaṃvedayate tad idam ucyate puṇyam iti vā
puṇyaphalam iti vā puṇyaphalavipākam iti vā /
apuṇyāḥ saṃskārāḥ
katame / āhākuśalaṃ kāyakarmavākkarma akuśalāś cittacaitasikā dharmāḥ
akuśalāś cittaviprayuktāḥ (DhskD 3v4) saṃskārā / yad api tad akuśalasya
kāyakarmavākkarmaṇaḥ akuśalānāṃ cittacaitasikānāṃ dharmāṇām akuśalānāṃ
cittaviprayuktānāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ dīrgharātram aniṣṭam akāntam apriyam
amanāpaṃ pratisaṃvedayate tad (DhskD 3v5) ucyate apuṇyam iti vā
apuṇyaphalam iti vā apuṇyaphalavipākam iti vā / ima ucyante apuṇyāḥ
saṃskārāḥ /
āniṃjyāḥ saṃskārāḥ katame / āha / catvāry ārūpyāṇy āniṃjyam ity ucyate //
katham
apuṇyān saṃskārān abhisaṃskurute (DhskD 3v6) avidyāpratyayān / āha /
yathā khalv ihaikatyo rāgaparyavasthito dveṣapāryavasthito
mohaparyavasthitaḥ kāyena duścaritaṃ carati vācā manasā duścaritaṃ
carati / itīme te akuśalāḥ kāyasaṃskārā vāksaṃskārā (DhskD 3v7)
manaḥsaṃskārā / ima ucyante apuṇyāḥ saṃskārā / yad api taddhetos
tatpratyayaṃ kāyasya bhedān narakeṣūpapadyante / tatra ca saṃskārān
abhinirvartayante / evam apuṇyān saṃskārān abhisaṃskaroti
avidyāpratyayān /
yathā (DhskD 3v8) narakeṣv evaṃ tiryakpreteṣu /
kathaṃ
puṇyān saṃskārān abhisaṃskaroti avidyāpratyayān / āha / yathā khalv
ihaikatyo manuṣyasukhakeṣv avekṣāvān bhavati pratibaddhacittas /
tasyaivaṃ bhavaty / aho batāhaṃ manuṣyasukhakānāṃ sabhāgatāyām (DhskD
3v9) upapadyeyam iti / sa taṃ prārthayamānas taddhetukaṃ saṃvartanīyaṃ
kāyena sucaritaṃ carati vācā manasā sucaritaṃ carati / iti ye te kuśalāḥ
kāyasaṃskārā vā vāksaṃskārā vā manaḥsaṃskārā vā ima ucyante puṇyāḥ
(DhskD 3v10) saṃskārāḥ / yad api taddhetu tatpratyayaṃ kāyasya bhedān
manuṣyasukhakānāṃ sabhāgatāyām upapadyate / tatra ca saṃskārān
abhinirvartayaty / evaṃ puṇyān saṃskārān abhisaṃskaroti avidyāpratyayān /
na haivāvekṣāvān (DhskD 4r1) bhavati pratibaddhacittaḥ / api tv
avidyāyāṃ satyām avidyāsaṃcetanāhetoḥ kāyena sucaritaṃ carati vācā
manasā sucaritaṃ carati / iti ye te kuśalāḥ kāyasaṃskārā vistareṇa yāvan
manuṣyasukhakānāṃ sabhāgatāyām upapadyate / (DhskD 4r2) tatra ca
saṃskārān abhisaṃvartayaty / evaṃ puṇyān saṃskārān abhisaṃskurute
avidyāpratyayān /
yathā manuṣyasukhakānām evaṃ cāturmahārājakāyikānāṃ trayastriṃśānāṃ yāmānāṃ tuṣitānāṃ nirmāṇaratīnāṃ paranirmitavaśavartināṃ /
(DhskD
4r3) yathā khalv ihaiko brahmakāyikānāṃ devānām avekṣāvān bhavati
pratibaddhacittaḥ / tasyaivaṃ bhavati / aho batāhaṃ brahmakāyikānāṃ
devānāṃ sabhāgatāyām upapadyeyaṃ / sa taṃ prārthayamānaḥ taddhetos
tatsaṃvartanīyaṃ viviktaṃ kāmair viviktaṃ (DhskD 4r4) pāpakair akuśalair
dharmaiḥ savitarkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ prītisukhaṃ prathamaṃ dhyānam
upasaṃpadya viharati / tathā samāpannasya yat kāyasaṃvaro vāksaṃvaraḥ
ājīvapariśuddhiḥ ima ucyante puṇyāḥ saṃskārāḥ / yad api taddhetos
tatpratyayaṃ (DhskD 4r5) kāyasya bhedād braḥmakāyikānāṃ devānāṃ
sabhāgatāyām upapadyate / tatra ca saṃskārān abhinirvartayati / evaṃ
puṇyān saṃskārān abhinirvartayaty avidyāpratyayān /
na
haivāvekṣāvān bhavati pratibaddhacittaḥ / api (DhskD 4r6) tv avidyāyāṃ
satyām avidyāsaṃcetanāhetor viviktaṃ kāmair yāvat prathamaṃ dhyānam
upasaṃpadya viharati / tathā samāpannasya yaḥ kāyasaṃvaro vāksaṃvaraḥ /
vistareṇa yāvat / tatra ca saṃskārān abhinirvartayati / evam puṇyān
(DhskD 4r7) saṃskārān abhinirvartayaty avidyāpratyayān*/
yathā
brahmakāyikānām evaṃ brahmapurohitānāṃ mahābraḥmāṇāṃ parīttābhānāṃ
apramāṇābhānām ābhāsvarāṇāṃ parīttaśubhānām apramāṇaśubhānāṃ
śubhakṛtsnānām anabhrakāṇāṃ (DhskD 4r8) puṇyaprasavānāṃ bṛhatphalānāṃ /
eṣu sarveṣu yathāyogyāni dhyānāni vaktavyāni /
yathā khalv
ihaikatyaḥ asaṃjñisatvānāṃ devānām avekṣāvān bhavati pratibaddhacittaḥ /
tasyaivaṃ bhavaty / aho batāhaṃ asaṃjñisattvānāṃ devānāṃ (DhskD 4r9)
sabhāgatāyām upapadyeyaṃ / sa taṃ prārthayamānas taddhetos
tatsaṃvartanīyaṃ saṃjñām audārikato duḥkhilataḥ sthūlabhittikato
manasikaroti āsaṃjñikaṃ ca śāntataḥ praṇītato niḥsaraṇataḥ / tasya
saṃjñām audārikato (DhskD 4r10) duḥkhilataḥ sthūlabhittikato
manasikurvataḥ āsaṃjñikaṃ ca śāntataḥ praṇītato niḥsaraṇataḥ saṃjñā
antarāyaty āsaṃjñikaṃ ca saṃsthihati / yatrāsya saṃjñā antarāyaty
āsaṃjñikaṃ saṃsthihaty etāvad (DhskD 4v1) asaṃjñisamāpattiṃ samāpanna
iti vaktavyaṃ / tathā samāpannasya yaḥ kāyasaṃvaro vāksaṃvaraḥ
ājīvaviśuddhir ima ucyante puṇyāḥ saṃskārāḥ / yad api taddhetos
tatpratyayaṃ kāyasya bhedād asaṃjñisattvānāṃ sabhāgatāyām (DhskD 4v2)
upapadyate / tatra ca saṃskārān abhisaṃnirvartayaty avidyāpratyayān /
na
haivāvekṣāvān bhavati pratibaddhacitto / 'pi tv avidyāyāṃ satyāṃ
avidyābhisaṃcetanāhetoḥ saṃjñām audārikato duḥkhilataḥ sthūlabhittikato
(DhskD 4v3) manasikurute āsaṃjñikaṃ ca śāntataḥ praṇītato niḥsaraṇataḥ /
tasya vistareṇa yāvad āsaṃjñikaṃ saṃsthihaty etāvat asaṃjñisamāpattiṃ
samāpanna iti vaktavyaṃ / tathā samāpannasya yaḥ kāyasaṃvaro / vistareṇa
(DhskD 4v4) yāvat / tatra ca saṃskārān abhinirvartayaty / evaṃ puṇyān
saṃskārān abhisaṃskaroty avidyāpratyayān /
katham āniṃjyān
saṃskārān abhisaṃskaroty avidyāpratyayān / āha / yathā khalv ihaikatyaḥ
ākāśānantyāyatanānāṃ devānām (DhskD 4v5) avekṣāvān bhavati
pratibaddhacittaḥ / tasyaivaṃ bhavaty / aho batāhaṃ ākāśānantyāyatanānāṃ
devānāṃ sabhāgatāyām upapadyeyaṃ / sa taṃ prārthayamānaḥ taddhetos
tatsaṃvartanīyaṃ sarvaśo rūpasaṃjnānām atikramāt (DhskD 4v6)
pratighasaṃjñānāṃ astaṃgamān nānātvasaṃjñānām amanasikārād anantam
ākāśam ity ākāśānantyāyatanam upasaṃpadya viharati / tathā samāpannasya
yā cetanā cetitaṃ cetanāmitaṃ cetayitatvaṃ (DhskD 4v7) cetanāgataṃ
cittābhisaṃskāro manaskarma ima ucyante āniṃjyāḥ saṃskārāḥ / yad api
taddhetos tatpratyayaṃ kāyasya bhedād ākāśānantyāyatanānāṃ devānāṃ
sabhāgatāyām upapadyate tatra ca saṃskārān (DhskD 4v8) abhinirvartayaty /
evam āniṃjyān saṃskārān abhinirvartayaty avidyāpratyayān /
na
haivāvekṣāvān bhavati pratibaddhacittaḥ / api tv avidyāyāṃ satyāṃ
avidyābhisaṃcetanāhetoḥ sarvaśo rūpasaṃjñānāṃ samatikramād (DhskD 4v9)
vistareṇa yāvad ākāśānantyāyatanam upasaṃpadya viharati / tathā
samāpannasya yā cetanā vistareṇa ima ucyante āniṃjyāḥ saṃskārā / yad api
taddhetos tatpratyayaṃ kāyasya bhedād ākāśānantyāyatanānāṃ (DhskD 4v10)
devānāṃ sabhāgatāyām upapadyate / tatra ca saṃskārān abhinirvartayaty /
evaṃ āniṃjyān saṃskārān abhinirvartayaty avidyāpratyayān* /
yathākāśānantyāyatanānām
evaṃ vijñānānantyāyatanānām ākiṃcanyāyatanānāṃ (DhskD 5r1)
naivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñāyatanānām eteṣāṃ pratyekapratyekasaḥ ārūpyā vaktavyā /
iti ye te saṃskārā avidyām āgamyāvidyāṃ niśrityāvidyāṃ pratiṣṭhāya
utpadyanti samutpadyante jāyanti saṃjāyanti samudāgacchanti (DhskD 5r2)
prādurbhavanti ima ucyante avidyāpratyayās saṃskārāḥ //
