1.雜阿含298經
云何為老？若髮白露頂、皮緩根熟、支弱背僂、垂頭呻吟、短氣前輸、柱杖而行、身體黧黑、四體班駮、闇鈍垂熟、造行艱難羸劣，是名為老。
2.中阿含31分別聖諦經
諸賢！說病苦者，此說何因？諸賢！病者，謂頭痛、眼痛、耳痛、鼻痛、面痛、脣痛、齒痛、舌痛、齶痛、咽痛、風喘、咳嗽、喝吐、喉啤、癲癎、癕癭、經溢、赤膽、壯熱、枯槁、痔[病-丙+匿]、下利，若有如是比餘種種病，從更樂觸生，不離心，立在身中，是名為病。
瑜伽師地論卷第十
衰云何？謂依止劣故，令彼掉動。
老云何？謂髮色衰變。
攝云何？謂皮膚緩皺。
熟云何？謂火力衰減，無復勢力受用欲塵。
氣力損壞云何？謂性多疾病故，無有勢力能作事業。
黑黶間身云何？謂黯黑出現，損其容色。
身脊傴曲、喘息奔急云何？謂行步威儀身形所顯，由此發起極重喘嗽。
形貌僂前云何？謂坐威儀位，身首低曲。
憑據杖策云何？謂住威儀位，依杖力而住。
昏昧云何？謂臥威儀位，數重睡眠。
羸劣云何？謂即於此位，無力速覺。
損減云何？謂念慧衰退。
衰退云何？謂念慧劣故，至於善法不能現行。
諸根耄熟云何？謂身體尫羸。
功用破壞云何？謂彼於境不復明利。
諸行朽故云何？謂彼於後將欲終時。
其形腐敗云何？謂壽量將盡，身形臨壞，於諸事業無復功能。
此老略義者，謂依止變壞、鬚髮變壞、充悅變壞、火力變壞、無病變壞、色相變壞、威儀變壞、無色諸根變壞、有色諸根變壞、時分已過、壽量將盡，略義應知。
skhālityaṃ katamat / yad āśraya-daurbalyāt tat kampatā / pālityaṃ katamat / yat keśa-vaivarṇyaṃ / valī-pracuratā katamā / yat svak-saṅkocaḥ / jīrṇatā katamā / yā kāma-bhoga a-pratibalatā tejo-vihāniś ca / magnatā katamā / yā vyavasāya-karaṇa a-pratibalatā prakṛty-an-ārogyatām upādāya / tilaka ācita-gātratā katamā / yat kāla-piṇḍa-utsadattvaṃ avirūpya-vipratibandhena tatra kubja-gopānasī-vaṅkatā / khuru-khuru-praśvāsa-kāyatā katamā / yā gamana-īiryā-patha-prabhāvitā kāya-saṃsthānatā tad-udbhavo ca gāḍha-śvasana-kāmanatā(?) /purataḥ prāg-bhāra-kāyatā katamā / niṣadya-īiryā-patha-avasthitasya yāvanata-kāya-pratibalatā / daṇḍa-viṣkambhanatā katamā / sthāna-īiryā-patha-avasthitasya yā daṇḍa-bala-adhāna-viharaṇatā / dhanutvaṃ(?) katamat svapna-īiryā-patha-avasthitasya yā gāḍha abhīkṣṇa-svapnatā / mandatvaṃ katamat / yā tatrauva supratiboddhum a-pratibalatā / hāniḥ katamā / yā smṛti-buddhyoḥ / parihāṇiḥ katamā / yā smṛti-buddhyor māndyāt kuśala-dharma-samudānayanā pratibalatā / indriyāṇāṃ pariṇāmaḥ katamaḥ / yā prakṛti-mandatā / paribhedaḥ katamaḥ / yā teṣām eva viṣaya a-pracuratā / saṃskārāṇāṃ purāṇī-bhāvaḥ katamaḥ / yā eṣām eva paścimā daśa-āsanna-maraṇatām upādāya / jarjarī-bhāvaḥ katamaḥ / yā āyuḥ-parisamāpter āśrayasya bhaṅga-abhimukhatā kṛty-aviniyoga a-samarthatām upādāya /jarāyāḥpunaḥ samāsārthaḥ katamaḥ / āśraya-vipariṇāmaḥ keśa-vipariṇāmaḥ puṣṭi-vipariṇāmas tejo-bala-vipariṇāma ārogya-vipariṇāmo varṇa-vipariṇāma īryā-patha-vipariṇāmo arūpī-indriya-vipariṇāmo rūpī-indriya-vipariṇāmo daśa-ativṛttir āyuḥ-saṃkṣepa-samāsārtho draṣṭavyaḥ //
法蘊足論卷第十二
云何生緣老死，
1)謂彼彼有情，即於彼彼有情聚中諸生等生、趣入出現，蘊得、界得、處得，諸蘊生命根起，說名生。髮落髮白、皮緩面皺、身曲背僂、喘息逾急、扶杖而行、肢體斑黑、衰退闇鈍、根熟變壞，諸行故敗朽壞羸損，說名老。彼彼有情，即於彼彼諸有情聚，移轉壞沒、退失別離、壽暖識滅、命根不轉、諸蘊破壞、夭喪殞逝，說名死。如是老死，緣生故起，是名生緣老死。
2)復次《大因緣經》中尊者慶喜問佛：老死為有緣不？佛言：有緣，此緣謂生。廣說乃至若無有生，魚鳥蛇蝎、那伽、藥叉、部多、食香諸天人等、無足二足多足異類，彼彼有情於彼彼聚所有老死，為得有不？不也。世尊！若全無生，為可施設有老死不？不也。世尊！是故慶喜！老死皆以生為其緣，是名生緣老死。如是老死，生為緣、生為依、生為建立故，起等起、生等生、聚集出現，故名生緣老死。
云何發生愁歎苦憂擾惱？
1)謂有一類，或因父母兄弟姊妹師友死故、或因親族滅亡都盡、或因財位一切喪失，便發自身猛利剛獷切心奪命辛楚苦受。彼於爾時，心熱等熱、內熱遍熱，便發於愁已愁當愁，心中愁箭，說名愁。
2)復有一類，或因父母兄弟姊妹師友死等，便發自身猛利剛獷切心奪命辛楚苦受。彼於爾時，心熱等熱、內熱遍熱，便發於愁已愁當愁，心中愁箭。由此緣故，而傷歎言：苦哉苦哉！我父我母廣說乃至我財我位，如何一旦忽至於此？其中所有傷怨言詞種種語業，說名歎。
3)五識相應不平等受，說名苦。
4)意識相應不平等受，說名憂。諸心擾惱、已擾惱、當擾惱、擾惱性、擾惱類，說名擾惱。於老死位，發生如是種種愁歎苦憂擾惱。
云何如是便集純大苦蘊？
1)謂於如是老死位中，積集一類大災、大橫具、大過患、眾苦蘊聚。
2)復次無明苦蘊為緣，起行苦蘊。行苦蘊為緣，起識苦蘊。識苦蘊為緣，起名色苦蘊。名色苦蘊為緣，起六處苦蘊。六處苦蘊為緣，起觸苦蘊。觸苦蘊為緣，起受苦蘊。受苦蘊為緣，起愛苦蘊。愛苦蘊為緣，起取苦蘊。
取苦蘊為緣，起有苦蘊。有苦蘊為緣，起生苦蘊。生苦蘊為緣，起老死苦蘊。由老死故，發生種種愁歎苦憂擾惱苦蘊，故總說言如是便集純大苦蘊。
13. (jātipratyayā jarāmaraṇaśokaparidevaduḥkhadaurmanasyopāyāsāḥ)
jātipratyayaṃ jarāmaraṇam iti /
jarā katamā / (DhskD 16r8) āha / yat teṣāṃ teṣāṃ satvānāṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ satvanikāye jātiḥ saṃjātir avakrāntir abhinirvṛttir vistareṇa jīvitendriyasya prādurbhāvaḥ iyam ucyate jātiḥ /
api khalv evam uktaṃ bhagavatā mahānidānaparyāye (DhskD 16r9) vyākaraṇe āyuṣmaty ānande /
asti pratyayam ānanda jarāmaraṇaṃ / iti pṛṣṭair astīti syād vacanīyaṃ / vistareṇa yāvaj /
jātiś ced ānanda na syād api nu matsyānāṃ vā matsyatve pakṣināṃ vā (DhskD 16r10) pakṣitve vistareṇa yāvad devānāṃ devatve teṣāṃ teṣām ānanda satvānāṃ tasmiṃ tasmin satvanikāye api nu kasya cit kā cij jātiḥ syān / no bhadanta / sarvaśo vā punar ānanda jātyām asatyāṃ (DhskD 16v1) api nu jarāmaraṇaṃ prajnāyeta / no bhadanta / tasmāt tarhy ānanda tan nidānaṃ eṣa samudaya eṣa hetur eṣa pratyayo jarāmaraṇasya yad uta jātiḥ / jātipratyayam ānanda jarāmaraṇam iti me yad uktam (DhskD 16v2) etat pratyuktaṃ //
jarā katamā / yat tat khālityaṃ pālityaṃ vistareṇa yāvat saṃskārāṇāṃ purāṇībhāvo jarjarībhāva iyam ucyate jarā /
maraṇaṃ katamad / āha / yat teṣāṃ teṣāṃ satvānāṃ tasmāt tasmāt satvanikāyāc (DhskD 16v3) cyutiś cyavanatā bhedo 'ntarhāṇiḥ saṃmoṣaḥ parihāṇiḥ āyuṣo hānir ūṣmaṇo hāniḥ skandhānāṃ nikṣepo jīvitendriyasyoparodho maraṇaṃ kālakriyā idam ucyate maraṇaṃ /
śokaḥ katama / āha (DhskD 16v4) / yat tan mātṛmaraṇena pitṛmaraṇena bhrātṛmaraṇena bhaginīmaraṇena jñātikṣayād dhanakṣayād bhogakṣayāt spṛṣṭasya śārīrikābhir vedanābhir duḥkhābis tīvrābhiḥ kharābhiḥ kaṭukābhir amanāpābhiḥ (DhskD 16v5) prāṇahāriṇībhir yo dāghaḥ saṃdāghaḥ śokaḥ śocanā śokāyitatvam ayam ucyate śokaḥ /
paridevaḥ katama / āha / tathā dahyate tathā paridahyate / hā aṃba hā tāta hā bhagini hā bhrātaḥ / tad upādāya (DhskD 16v6) yad vākyaṃ vacanaṃ vyāhāro bhāṣā gīr niruktir vākpatho vāgghoṣo vācā vākkarma vāgvijñaptir ārttir bhāṣyaṃ vipralāpo lālapyaṃ lālapyanatā paridevaḥ paridevanatā ayam ucyate (DhskD 16v7) paridevaḥ /
duḥkhaṃ katamad / āha / paṃcavijñānasaṃprayuktam asātaṃ veditaṃ vedanāgatam idam ucyate duḥkhaṃ /
daurmanasyaṃ katarad / āha / manovijñānaṃsaprayuktaṃ asātaṃ veditaṃ vedanāgatam idam ucyate daurmanasyaṃ (DhskD 16v8) /
upāyāsaḥ katama / āha / yaś cetasa āyāsa upāyāsaḥ upāyāsanatā ayam ucyate upāyāsaḥ //
14. (duḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvṛttiḥ)
api khalv avidyāduḥkhaskandhaṃ pratītya saṃskāraduḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvṛttir bhavati (DhskD 16v9) prādurbhāvaḥ / saṃskāraduḥkhaskandhaṃ pratītya vijñānaduḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvṛttir bhavati prādurbhāvaḥ / vijñānaduḥkhaskandhaṃ pratītya nāmarūpaduḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvṛttir bhavati prādurbhāvaḥ / nāmarūpaduḥkhaskandhaṃ (DhskD 16v10) pratītya ṣaḍāyatanaduḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvṛttir bhavati prādurbhāvaḥ / ṣaḍāyatanaduḥkhaskandhaṃ pratītya sparśaduḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvṛttir bhavati prādurbhāvaḥ / sparśaduḥkhaskandhaṃ (DhskD 17r1) pratītya vedanāduḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvṛttir bhavati prādurbhāvaḥ / vedanāduḥkhaskandhaṃ pratītya tṛṣṇāduḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvṛttir bhavati prādurbhāvaḥ /
tṛṣṇāduḥkhaskandhaṃ pratītyopādānaduḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvṛttir (DhskD 17r2) bhavati prādurbhāvaḥ /
upādānaduḥkhaskandhaṃ pratītya bhavaduḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvṛttir bhavati prādurbhāvaḥ /
bhavaduḥkhaskandhaṃ pratītya jātiduḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvittir bhavati prādurbhāvaḥ /
jātiduḥkhaskandham* (DhskD 17r3) pratītya jarāmaraṇaduḥkhaskandhasyābhinirvṛttir bhavati prādurbhāvaḥ // //
