2023年4月29日 星期六

一切智品

 一切智品第四(攝般若第二會三六卷無標幟品)
(戊三)釋淨道智之支一切智分二。
(己一)一切智自體。
(己二)總結三智。
初中又三。
(庚一)釋遠近道。
(庚二)一切智加行。
(庚三)修加行之果。
初又分三。
(辛一)遠近道之理。
(辛二)成立彼理。
(辛三)所治、能治之差別。
今初
非此岸彼岸,不住其中間,知三世平等,故名般若度。   
nāpare na pare tīre nāntarāle tathoḥ sthitā /
adhvanāṃ samatājñānāt prajñāpāramitāmatā // Abhs_3.1 //
She is not standing on the shore this side ( apara ) or on the shore beyond ( para ) , nor between them . [ Ornament 3.1ab] [ The Lord ] asserts that she is the Perfection of Wisdom because of knowing the sameness of the periods of time . [ Ornament 3.1cd ]
1-現證無我慧所攝持,復是小乘現觀種類,即一切智相。界遍一切聖者皆有。
2-觀待世俗事是破有邊現觀種類大乘聖智,即智不住三有之道相智相。界從大乘見道,乃至佛地。
3-觀待世俗事是破寂滅邊現觀種類大乘聖智,即悲不住寂滅之道相智相。界從大乘見道,乃至佛地。
4-菩薩一切智道般若波羅蜜多。由慧故,不住生死此岸。由悲故,不住湼槃彼岸。
5-於彼二岸中間,亦勝義不住。以是雙破二邊,現證空性智所攝持之現觀故。如是不住三有、寂滅二邊之一切智。
6-即是近諸佛菩薩者,以是現證三世諸法平等無實自性智所攝持之現觀故。
7-此中兼說聲聞、獨覺之一切智。是遠離真一切智道般若波羅蜜多者,以彼不知三世諸法,平等實空故。

(辛二)成立彼理
彼由緣相門,非方便故遠。  
anupāyena dūraṃ sā sanimittopalambhataḥ /
 [ They say for those] unskilled in means she is distant .... [ Ornament 3.2a ]
 ...because they seize on [ the Perfection of Wisdom ] through a sign .[ Ornament 3.2b ]
1-若有一切智,遠離大悲,實執所縛。即與果般若波羅蜜多遠離之一切智相。界從小乘見道,乃至小乘無學道。
2-大悲與空慧所攝持大乘聖智,住小乘現觀種類者。即與果般若波羅蜜多鄰近之一切智相。界從大乘見道,乃至佛地。
3-有作是難:聲聞與菩薩之一切智,不應分遠、近。以通達三世諸法平等性,即知一切法性,聲聞、菩薩皆知彼法性故。如龍猛菩薩云:因緣所生法,我說即是空。此說空即緣起義,二乘亦通達緣起性故。
4-為答此難故說,此處所說二乘之一切智可說為遠。由緣一切法與道,執有實相,非修果般若波羅蜜多之方便故。
5-彼由遠離大乘善知識,及遠離通達無自性慧等之善巧方便故。

由善巧方便,即說為鄰近。
upāyakauśalenāsyāḥ samyagāsannatoditā // Abhs_3.2 //
[ For Bodhisattvas ] with skill in means she is perfectly close by . [ Ornament 3.2cd ]
菩薩聖者之一切智可說為近,由生果般若波羅蜜多善巧方便所攝持故。彼由長時親近大乘善知識,聽受無倒教授。於引生聞、思等慧,善巧方便故。

(辛三)所治、能治之差別分五。
(壬一)一切智相執所治。
(壬二)能治。
(壬三)果上相執所治。
(壬四)能治。
(壬五)結。
今初
色蘊等空性,三世所繫法,施等菩提分,行想所治品。
rūpādiskandhaśūnyatve dharmeṣu tryadhvageṣu ca /
dānādau bodhipakṣeṣu caryāsaṃjñā vipakṣatā // Abhs_3.3 //
[ Bodhisattvas ] should shun coursing in and perceiving the emptiness of the form and other skandhas , dharmas that are the three periods of time , giving and so forth , and [ the dharmas in the wings of enlightenment . [ Ornament 3.3 ]
1-若一切智遠離方便及殊勝慧,是所治品一切智相。界從小乘見道,乃至無學道。
2-若於如所有性所攝之色蘊等補特伽羅我空。盡所有性所攝三界繫諸法,及於布施等菩提分道,起真實行想。
3-此想所縛之道,即是菩薩道所治品,以是彼歧誤處故。 

(壬二)能治
施等無我執,於此令他行,此滅貪著邊。
dānādiṣvanahaṃkāraḥ pareṣāṃ tanniyojanam /
saṅgakoṭīniṣedho
When they give and so on they have no sense of I. [ Ornament 3.4a]
They prevent the attachment extreme ( koti ) when they connect others to this . [ Ornament 3.4bc]
安住大乘現觀種類方便勝慧所攝之大乘聖智,即對治品一切智相。界從大乘見道,乃至佛地。
1-自於布施等六度,住無我執。
2-亦於此上安立諸餘眾生,令他修行。
3-如是通達所依、道、相三法皆無實之智,即能於所依及道,滅除貪著之邊,以是彼貪正對治故。

(壬三)果上相執所治
執佛等微細。
 'yaṃ sukṣmaḥ saṅgo jinādiṣu // Abhs_3.4 //
[ They have ] an attachment to the Victors and so on that is subtle . [ Ornament 3.4d ]
於佛等境,起微細實執繫縛。修禮拜等,雖是福德資糧之因,而能對治不信等。然是菩薩道之所治品,以是彼歧誤處故。

(壬四)果上之能治分三。
(癸一)是所治品之理。
(癸二)正對治。
(癸三)傍義。
今初
法道最甚深,自性遠離故。
tadgāmbīryaṃ prakṛtyaiva vivekāddharmapaddhateḥ *iti* /
It is deep , because the path ( paddhati ) of dharmas is in its essential nature isolated . [ Ornament 3.5ab ]
於果上微細實執,亦是菩薩道之所治品。以諸法、道究竟真義最為甚深,是自性遠離之法性故。

(癸二)正對治
知諸法性一,故能斷貪著。
ekaprakṛtikaṃ jñānaṃ dharmāṇāṃ saṅgavarjanam // Abhs_3.5 //
To understand they are of one essential nature is to abandon attachment to dharmas . [ Ornament 3.5cd ]
現知諸法同一自性,所謂實空。由此菩薩智,能斷果上實執,以是彼真對治故。

(癸三)傍義
由遣除見等,故說難通達。色等不可知,故為不思議。   
dṛṣṭādipratiṣedhena tasyā durbodhatoditā *iti* /
rūpādibhiravijñānāttadacintyatvamiṣyate // Abhs_3.6 //
They say she is hard to know fully because anything seen and so on is negated . [ Ornament 3.6ab] They assert that she is unthinkable because she is not dis cernible in form and so on . [ Ornament 3.6cd ]
1-說勝義諦難通達者,以唯是究竟內智所證,遮遣見色等之名言量所能知故。
2-又勝義諦說為不可思議,以名言量不能了知。
3-從色等乃至佛不共法,是世俗法性。其究竟實性,唯是聖根本智所見故。

(壬五)結
如是一切智,所治、能治品,無餘諸差別,當知如經說。
evaṃ kṛtvā yathokto vai jñeyaḥ sarvajñatānaye /
ayaṃ vibhāgo niḥśoṣo vipakṣapratipakṣayoḥ // Abhs_3.7 //
Having taken it in this way , as [ the Lord ] has explained , you should know the full classification of [ the Listener's path ] to be shunned and [ the Bodhisattva path ] that counteracts it in the all - knowledge mode . [ Ornament 3.7 ]
如是此一切智品中所說之所治品、能治品等一切智之無餘差別,當知皆是如經所說也。

(庚二)一切智加行分二。
(辛一)加行差別。
(辛二)自性。
今初
色等、無常等,未圓滿、圓滿,及於無貪性,破實行加行。
rūpādau tadanityādau tadapuriprapūrayoḥ /
tadasaṅgatve caryāyā: prayogaḥ pratiṣedhataḥ // Abhs_3.8 //
[ The Lord explains ] the practice by denying that [ Bodhisattvas ] course in the form [ skandha ] and so on , in their impermanence and so on , in their completeness and incompleteness , and without attachment to those [ skandhas an so on] .
於世俗性自性、差別顛倒執著。及於勝義性自性、差別顛倒執著。修彼隨一對治之菩薩瑜伽,即此一切智品所說菩薩加行之相。界從大乘資糧道,乃至最後心。
此中所說菩薩一切智加行有十種,就境分四,就自性分三,就作用分二,就證知譬喻有一。
初之四種。
1-謂於色等事,破實執行之加行。
2-於彼別法無常等,破實執行之加行。
3-於功德所依圓滿、未圓滿,破實執行之加行。
4-於無實貪性,破實執行之加行。

不變、無造者、三難行加行,如根性得果,故許為有果。
avikāro na kartā ca prayogo duṣkaras tridhā /
yathābhavyaṃ phalaprāpteravandhyo 'bhimataśca saḥ // Abhs_3.9 //
He asserts that this practice is immutable and is not an agent , that it is the three difficult ones , that it is not in vain because [ trainees ] obtain results in accord with their states ,
次之三種。
5)謂於所作業,破除實執,謂不變加行。
6)於造者,破除實執,謂無造者加行。
7)於果,破除實執,謂三種難行加行。
三種難行者,謂三智之中,
7.1-一切相智,於勝義無所得。於世俗,須經三無數刧,修二資糧,方能證得,是所為難行。
7.2-道相智,於勝義無所得。於世俗,須學三道,乃至未圓滿成熟、嚴淨,不證彼果,是加行難行。
7.3-一切智,須自身生,由此門中,利益二乘種性。然自不證,唯斷煩惱之果,是所作難行也。
次之二種
8-謂如三種所化根性而令得果,故許為有果加行。

不依仗於他,證知七現事。
aparapratyayo yaś ca saptadhā khyātivedakaḥ /
that it is not conditioned by anyone else , and that you know it through the seven points of comparison . [ Ornament 3.8-10ab ]
9-由勝利門,救護等事,不依仗他加行。
10-就七種現事,證知無自性加行為一也。
證知七現事及喻者。
10.1-謂諸有漏緣起,皆非實有,唯由執著習氣所變現故,譬如夢事。
10.2-又即前宗,唯是因緣和合所現故,譬如幻事。
10.3-又即前宗,雖如是現,若如是有,成相違故,譬如陽燄。
10.4-又即前宗,唯仗緣現故,譬如谷響。
10.5-又即前宗,唯從習氣相,如是現故,譬如影像。
10.6-又即前宗,無實所依,如是現故,譬如乾闥婆城。
10.7-又即前宗,無實作者,如是現故,譬如變化。

(辛二)加行自性
不執著色等,四種平等性。  
caturdhā mananā tasya rūpādau samatā matā // Abhs_3.10 //
 They assert that the absence of four sorts of conceit is its sameness . [ Ornament 3.10cd ]
於境、有境,破除實執慧所攝持之菩薩瑜伽,即一切智品所說菩薩加行平等性相。界從大乘資糧道,乃至最後心。
此處所說之加行,有四平等性:謂於色等自性、青等相、差別、有境,無實執著之加行有四種故。

(庚三)修加行之果分二。
(辛一)略標剎那。
(辛二)廣釋行相。
今初
苦等諸聖諦,法智及類智,忍、智剎那性,一切智見道。
dharmajñānānvayajñānakṣāntijñānakṣaṇātmakaḥ /
duḥkhādisatye dṛṅmārga eṣa sarvajñatānaye // Abhs_3.11 //
 In all - knowledge mode this path of seeing has the instants of knowledge , subsequent knowledge , forbearance , and knowledge of dharma in the truth of suffering and so on . [ Ornament 3.11 ]
此處所說現證離戲論大乘諦現觀,即此處所說大乘見道之相。界唯在大乘見道。緣苦等四諦所生法智、類智、法智忍、類智忍等,謂無間道所攝之八忍,解脫道所攝之八智。此十六剎那體性,即一切智品所說之大乘見道也。

(辛二)廣釋行相
色非常、無常,出二邊、清淨、無生、無滅等,
rūpaṃ na nityaṃ nānityamatitāntaṃ viśuddhakam /
anutpannāniruddhādi
The [ sixteen ] instants of all - knowledge [ are where the Lord says the Perfection of Wisdom knows that ] the form [ skandha and so on ] is not permanent or impermanent , transcends extremes , has purity , is not produced or stopped and so on ,
1-色等無常相者,謂勝義中,離常、無常,故非常、非無常。
2-苦相者,謂勝義中,離苦、非苦,故出常、斷二邊。
3-空相者,謂勝義中,離空、不空,故名清淨。
4-無我相者,謂勝義中,非我、無我性,故無生、無滅。等取非染、非淨。
是苦諦諸相。

如虛空、離貪,脫離諸攝持,自性不可說。
vyomābhaṃ lepavarjitam // Abhs_3.12 //
parigraheṇa nirmuktamavyāhāraṃ svabhāvataḥ /
is like space , is stainless , and cannot be seized on ;
5-有漏業及愛、取,謂苦因、非因,勝義非有,故如虛空。
6-又彼於勝義中,非集、非無集,故離貪等一切煩惱。
7-又彼於勝義,生苦、不生苦,皆不繫屬,故脫離諸攝持。
8-又彼脫離是苦緣、非苦緣,故自性不可說。
此是集諦諸相。

由宣說此義不能惠施他,皆悉不可得,畢竟淨、無病。
pravyāhāreṇa nāsyārthaḥ pareṣu prāpyate yataḥ // Abhs_3.13 //
nopalambhakṛdatyantaviśuddhirvyādhyasaṃbhavaḥ /
 [ where he says the Perfection of Wisdom ] is essentially inexpressible , and hence its content cannot be conveyed to others through communication , gives no basis for apprehension , is perfectly pure , is without diseases ,
9-滅諦離煩惱義,於勝義中,若滅、無滅皆不繫屬,故宣說此滅諦義。於勝義中,不可惠施於他。
10-又彼於勝義中,無苦靜、不靜,故皆不可得。
11-又彼於勝義中,離妙、非妙,故遠離常、斷二邊,畢竟清淨。
12-又彼於勝義中,無離、不離,故具足不生一切疾病之勝利。
此是滅諦諸相。

斷除諸惡趣,證果無分別,不繫屬諸相,於義名二種。
apāyocchittyakalpatve phalasākṣātkriyāṃ prati // Abhs_3.14 //
asaṃsargo nimittaiśca vastuni vyañjane dvaye /
is liberation from states of woe , is a non - conceptual state that causes the result to manifest , is not connected to signs ,
13-道諦現證真空之智,由勝義中,離道、非道,故斷除地獄等惡趣。
14-又彼於勝義中,是理、非理,不相雜亂,故於證預流果等之方便,無諸分別。
15-又後於勝義中,脫離是行、非行,故與諸法實有相,不相繫屬。
16-又彼於勝義中,無出、不出生湼槃,故於所詮、所知義,與能詮聲,皆不生有能、所取二相之識。
此是道諦諸相。

其識無有生,一切智剎那。
jñānasya yā cānutpattiriti sarvajñatākṣaṇāḥ // Abhs_3.15 //
and is the knowledge that does not arise when there is a basis - sign duality . [ Ornament 3.12-15 ]
如是行相之一切智剎那,即是菩薩之見道也。

(己二)總結三智
如是此及此,又此三段文,當知即顯示,此三品圓滿。
iti seyaṃ punaḥ seyaṃ seyaṃ khalu punastridhā /
adhikāratrayasyaiṣā samāptiḥ paridīpitā // Abhs_3.16 //
// abhisamayālaṅkāre prajñāpāramitopadeśaśāstre
sarvajñatādhikāras tṛtīyaḥ //
 [ After explaining ] thus , [ the Lord ] clearly indicates that these three sections are complete with three [ statements beginningl . " And again this [ Perfection of Wisdom ] , " " And again this , " and " And again this . " [ Ornament 3.16 ]   
如是廣說三智已。
1-經云:善現!於一切法,非有自在等。
此段經文,總結一切智。
2-又云:善現!如是境非捨三界等。
此段經文,總結道相智。
3-又云:善現!如是般若波羅蜜多,從佛法,乃至獨覺法,不取、不捨等。
此段經文,總結一切相智。
4-當知此三段文,即是般若經中,顯示以三智為所詮三品之圓滿總結文也。